Yuck. Forgive me, but why are the units of measure in GoodRelations encoded as unqualified strings? This violates rule #1 of Tim Berners-Lee's Linked Data note[1]:
1. Use URIs as names for things
If URIs were used, then it would be straight-forward to make statements in another ontology about the different units. Because URIs are not used, it is instead difficult to do so in any way that off-the-shelf tools will recognize. There is no reason why the CEFACT data types cannot be transcribed into OWL/RDF in a way that makes explicit the coding scheme(s) used for supplementary components, using URI prefixes (e.g. rec20:GRM and rec20:HUR, instead of "GRM"^^xsd:string and "HUR"^^xsd:string).
In the interest of converging on common RDF patterns for values with supplementary components, I would also suggest utilizing the rdf:value property built-in to RDF, in precisely the way illustrated in the RDF Primer[2]. OWL is fully capable of expressing specific type constraints on the rdf:value provided for each particular GoodRelations Value class, using allValuesFrom axioms, e.g.:
rdf:value a owl:DatatypeProperty ; a owl:FunctionalProperty . gr:QuantitativeValue rdfs:subClassOf [a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty rdf:value ;
owl:cardinality "1"^^xsd:int] . gr:QuantitativeValueFloat owl:intersectionOf ( gr:QuantitativeValue [a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty rdf:value ;
owl:allValuesFrom xsd:float ] ) .. gr:QuantitativeValueInteger owl:intersectionOf ( gr:QuantitativeValue [a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty rdf:value ;
owl:allValuesFrom xsd:int ] ) ..
The target RDF patterns would then be:
default:SonyCellPhoneModel_s1234
a gr:ProductOrServiceModel ;
default:hasTalkTime default:QuantitativeValueInteger_9 ;
default:hasWeight default:QuantitativeValueFloat_10 ..
default:QuantitativeValueFloat_10
a gr:QuantitativeValueFloat ;
rdfs:comment "The value node representing a weight of 100 grams"^^xsd:string ;
rdf:value "100.0"^^xsd:float ;
gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement rec20:GRM ..
default:QuantitativeValueInteger_9
a gr:QuantitativeValueInteger ;
rdfs:comment "The node representing a time duration of 120 hours."^^xsd:string ;
rdf:value "120"^^xsd:int ;
gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement rec20:HUR.
Is it just me who thinks that looks a whole lot better, as a target?
On Jul 7, 2009, at 12:01 PM, Martin Hepp (UniBW) wrote: Hi all: Just a pragmatic request: Whatever the outcome of the activity will be: Please aim at being able, eventually, to do unit conversion at least for the subset of UN/CEFACT listed at http://www.heppnetz.de/projects/goodrelations/primer/#6_ANNEX:_POPULAR_UN.2FCEFACT_COMMON_CODES AND make sure you can do that on the basis of RDF patterns of the form default:SonyCellPhoneModel_s1234 a gr:ProductOrServiceModel ; default:hasTalkTime default:QuantitativeValueInteger_9 ; default:hasWeight default:QuantitativeValueFloat_10 . default:QuantitativeValueFloat_10 a gr:QuantitativeValueFloat ; rdfs:comment "The value node representing a weight of 100 grams"^^xsd:string ; gr:hasValueFloat "100.0"^^xsd:float ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "GRM"^^xsd:string . default:QuantitativeValueInteger_9 a gr:QuantitativeValueInteger ; rdfs:comment "The node representing a time duration of 120 hours."^^xsd:string ; gr:hasValueInteger "120"^^xsd:int ; gr:hasUnitOfMeasurement "HUR"^^xsd:string . IMO, the significance of any work in the field of units of measurements will depend on the gain in automated harmonization or translation of quantitative values expressed in different but compatible units. Of course, this requires a sound conceptual approach. But without a service that can exploit the conceptual structures representing the "conversion knowledge", the impact of any such endeavor will be very limited, IMHO. Martin David Leal wrote: Dear Nicola,
I agree.
Perhaps the best way to start would be for one of the NIST experts, perhaps
Ed Barkmeyer, to propose an initial ontology of a few high level objects and
relationships taken from clause 1 of "International vocabulary of metrology
— Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM)"
(http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/documents/jcgm/JCGM_200_2008.pdf). This
could then be reviewed and extended.
Best regards,
David
At 15:20 07/07/2009 +0200, you wrote:
Thanks, Peter, for keeping posting info concerning the "Quantities and
Units of Measure ontology-based standard" initiative. Indeed I am
among those who followed the discussion with interest, but never found
the time to intervene.
Participation to the discussion would be certainly much simpler if we
can focus on ONE single document to comment and review, instead of
dozens of email discussions...
Cheers,
Nicola
On 2 Jul 2009, at 18:02, Peter Yim wrote:
Welcome, Carlos ... and thank you for the referral, Martin.
All,
I am posting this exchange as it may be of interest to others who are
contemplating participation in this "Quantities and Units of Measure
Ontology-based Standard" initiative (or point people to it).
I also want to let people know that, despite the fact that I am behind
on getting the proceedings of our Jun-19 session posted, and in the
creation of the new dedicated mailing list (due to some work-related
emergencies which I must attend to first), they are still on my
priority list, and will be attended to very soon. ... I'll let
everyone know as soon as they are in place.
Regards. =ppy
--
On Wed, Jul 1, 2009 at 6:41 PM, Peter Yim<peter.yim@xxxxxxxx> wrote:
Hello Carlos,
Thank you for the message. To get engaged, you might consider the
following,
(a) review earlier transactions among other community members
regarding this UoM ontology standard subject matter in our archives,
particularly the following items at ...
* http://ontolog.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?ConferenceCall_2009_06_19
* http://ontolog.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?OntologySummit2009_Communique
*
http://ontolog.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?OntologySummit2009_Symposium#nid1VUV
*
* http://ontolog.cim3.net/forum/ontology-summit/2009-06/threads.html
2. consider joining the Ontolog community - see:
http://ontolog.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?WikiHomePage#nid1J
3. we will be setting up a dedicated mailing list for this
"Quantities
and Units of Measure Ontology-based Standard" initiative fairly soon.
I will make a note of your interest, and will include you as a
subscriber. Further activities and progress will appear on that list,
once that has been initialized.
Feel free to ping me any time if you have any further question.
Regards. =ppy
Peter P. Yim
Co-convener,
Ontolog Forum
http://ontolog.cim3.net/wiki/
President & CEO
CIM Engineering, Inc. (dba. "CIM3")
San Mateo, California, USA.
http://cwe.cim3.net/
+1 (650) 578-9998
--
On Wed, Jul 1, 2009 at 5:31 PM, Carlos Pedrinaci<c.pedrinaci@xxxxxxxxxx
wrote:
Hi Peter,
Could you please let me know how to proceed in order to join/
contribute to
this work?
Many thanks,
Carlos
--
Dr. Carlos Pedrinaci
Knowledge Media Institute - The Open University
Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 1908 654773
Fax: +44 1908 653169
The Open University is incorporated by Royal Charter (RC 000391),
an exempt
charity in England & Wales and a charity registered in Scotland
(SC 038302).
On 1 Jun 2009, at 15:27, Martin Hepp (UniBW) wrote:
hi carlos,
you should get involved in this activity with your work on units
conversion.
if you have any questions, please contact peter yim (cc), he
coordinates the
ontolog work. peter can also point you to all ontolog resources.
best
martin
--------------------------------------------------------------
martin hepp
e-business & web science research group
universitaet der bundeswehr muenchen
e-mail: mhepp@xxxxxxxxxxxx
phone: +49-(0)89-6004-4217
fax: +49-(0)89-6004-4620
www: http://www.unibw.de/ebusiness/ (group)
http://www.heppnetz.de/ (personal)
skype: mfhepp
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: Re: [ontology-summit] Progressing a Units Ontology -
virtual
session
Date: Sun, 31 May 2009 23:02:29 +0100
From: David Leal <david.leal@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Reply-To: Ontology Summit 2009 <ontology-summit@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
To: Ontology Summit 2009 <ontology-summit@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Dear Peter and others,
I hope to attend the telecon and participate in the work.
I strongly agree with Ed's recommendation that we consider the
International
Vocabulary for Measurement (VIM)
http://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html. It is
important that
things in any ontology for quantities and units are related to the
things
defined in this document - which has the advantage of being on the
Web,
unlike most ISO standards!
On the one hand the document is authoritative, but on the other
hand there
are difficulties with the language used, which creating an
ontology may
clarify.
For example, the definition of "quantity value" is "number and
reference
together expressing magnitude of a quantity". This definition
suggest to me
a "quantity value" is some sort of data structure (i.e. "number and
reference together") which describes a "magnitude of a quantity".
But we
also have:
NOTE 1 According to the type of reference, a quantity value is
either
— a product of a number and a measurement unit, or
— a number and a reference to a measurement procedure, or
— a number and a reference material.
The first item in this list is a very different sort of thing. We
usually
assume that the "product" of a number and a length unit (say) is a
particular length. Getting all this tied down with an ontology is
a worthy
task.
Best regards,
David
==================================================
David Leal
CAESAR Systems Limited
registered office: 29 Somertrees Avenue, Lee, London SE12 0BS
registered in England no. 2422371
tel: +44 (0)20 8857 1095
mob: +44 (0)77 0702 6926
e-mail: david.leal@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
web site: http://www.caesarsystems.co.uk
==================================================
At 12:14 29/05/2009 -0400, you wrote:
Peter,
you wrote:
I am writing to ping everyone, one more time, to find out:
1. who is interesting to participate in getting the said Units of
Measure ontology effort going.
I am interested because I think a basic reference ontology for
'quantity' is needed. According to the International Vocabulary for
Measurement (VIM)
http://www.bipm.org/en/publications/guides/vim.html
'measurement unit' is one class in that ontology, and it is a
subtype of
'quantity'. Further, standardized instances of 'measurement unit'
belong to a 'system of measurements' which is intimately related
to a
taxonomic decomposition of 'quantity'. So I think the 'basic
quantity
ontology' is inseparable from an 'ontology for units of measure'.
2. who is willing to provide some level of leadership to get this
effort off the ground.
It makes sense that NIST should lead -- the NIST participants
should
take that up offline.
3. who would be joining us if we do run a virtual panel session on
this on Thu 2009.06.11
I will try to attend, but I have a likely conflict from 1300-1500
EDT.
4. if you are joining, and would like to be a panelist, please
provide
a title and an abstract of what you might share with in in a 10~15
minute brief.
I have said my piece above. I would rather listen to others.
5. besides PatCassidy, who else has (access to) a UoM related
ontology, that he/she can upload to the OOR sandbox and some other
publicly accessible ontology repository? (if the latter, please
advise
where the repository is.)
I have a sketch (UML diagrams with definitions) built for another
(now
dubious) project, which I will upload.
Surely this must also have been addressed in Cyc and DOLCE and BSO.
-Ed
--
Edward J. Barkmeyer Email: edbark@xxxxxxxx
National Institute of Standards & Technology
Manufacturing Systems Integration Division
100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8263 Tel: +1 301-975-3528
Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8263 FAX: +1 301-975-4694
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CAESAR Systems Limited
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registered in England no. 2422371
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mob: +44 (0)77 0702 6926
e-mail: david.leal@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
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--
--------------------------------------------------------------
martin hepp
e-business & web science research group
universitaet der bundeswehr muenchen
e-mail: mhepp@xxxxxxxxxxxx
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fax: +49-(0)89-6004-4620
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skype: mfhepp
twitter: mfhepp
Check out the GoodRelations vocabulary for E-Commerce on the Web of Data!
========================================================================
Webcast:
http://www..heppnetz.de/projects/goodrelations/webcast/
Talk at the Semantic Technology Conference 2009:
"Semantic Web-based E-Commerce: The GoodRelations Ontology"
http://tinyurl.com/semtech-hepp
Tool for registering your business:
http://www.ebusiness-unibw.org/tools/goodrelations-annotator/
Overview article on Semantic Universe:
http://tinyurl.com/goodrelations-universe
Project page and resources for developers:
http://purl.org/goodrelations/
Tutorial materials:
Tutorial at ESWC 2009: The Web of Data for E-Commerce in One Day: A Hands-on Introduction to the GoodRelations Ontology, RDFa, and Yahoo! SearchMonkey
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