| To: | "[ontolog-forum] " <ontolog-forum@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> | 
|---|---|
| From: | "Schiffel, Jeffrey A" <jeffrey.a.schiffel@xxxxxxxxxx> | 
| Date: | Wed, 18 Nov 2009 16:48:44 -0600 | 
| Message-id: | <8B6A80AC2A6F7D4ABBEB7BFD3C3B8E1E654340B701@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> | 
| In our discussions of "new logic," we should probably recall some other 
categorizations of logic before we wander into the desert. There are three that 
have been around a very long time. Their present definition is mostly from 
Pierce. They are: -- Deduction, which is reasoning where necessary conclusions are made 
from statements - FOL, -- Induction, 
which are arguments by 
inference, i.e., by likelihood, usually from experience, 
and -- Abduction, which forms hypotheses from observed 
patterns. Notice that induction and abduction are particularly phenomenological. 
Deductive logic is the most worked out, with first order varieties arising from 
reducing the number of the usual base axioms, or restricting the 
definition of the usual axioms; and higher order varieties gotten by 
expanding the number of axioms, as in adding possibility to get modal logics. 
the other two forms are not as mathematized, and mainly show up informally or in 
rhetoric.  For example, in the scientific method, all 
three occur to some extent. Regards, -- Jeff Schiffel Pavithra wrote: 
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