What is missing between BIM and OGC standards to the STEP and
15926 world are the metrics. Which subject matters are worth trying to reason
over at such large scales? Take for example Toby's Healthy Office Building
Index - office buildings can be classified by use group, construction type, leasable
space definition rules, and other descriptions people concerned with office
buildings regularly use. The work in those offices could vary from the most brilliant
advancements to the most mundane tasks, any amount of money could be flowing
through. Whatever work is being done and regardless of the building design, any
person working in any office performs better with x amount of light, the
minimum requirements are in the building codes; and y indoor air quality, which
can be monitored via ASHRAE standards, BACnet, NIST traceability, the Owner may
have their own standards, and a long list of other factors dependent on
building geometry and the outside surrounding area to measure something, even perhaps
from a 15926 utility point of view. A Healthy Office Building Index needs to be
able to talk to both sides by taking all of these measurements, values, properties,
environmental factors, and questions being asked of the building data into a hodgepodge
group to determine new, more combined classifications and ranking criteria in a
common index. To be useful, these calculations or semi-automated assessments
need to be able to spit out a cost per square foot or other unit price to
attach to the building, utility, and regional data over time. That way an Owner
or manufacturer doing business in OmniClass, 16739 IFCs, building codes and
their preferred standards could negotiate with larger more complex systems like
utilities using a different set of standards. An ontology is needed to build this
particular bridge from ISO 16739 and 12006 to 15926 and 10303. Such an
ontology should be geared to developing appropriate metrics for price
negotiations first - one of few reasons there is any need to communicate across
this void in the first place. In the future, organizations like Exxon or the
Coast Guard could bounce back and forth between the two types of standards to
get their buildings consistently represented in BIM and comply with geographic
standards which traditionally have been separated or different than the work performed
in these buildings.
From: ontolog-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
[mailto:ontolog-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Deborah
MacPherson
Sent: Friday, March 13, 2009 6:58 AM
To: [ontolog-forum]
Subject: [BULK] Re: [ontolog-forum] International Alliance for
Interoperability
Importance: Low
Thank you Matthew, this is extremely helpful. So, in
the context of building information models:
If a building is a processing plant, 15926 would be necessary to link the
spaces and layout to processing activities. Especially because plants don't
always have typical floors and can be like a big machine, you just need to see
if a person can get through all the pipes and catwalks to service components
15926 would know about.
If the building is an airport, 10303 would be useful to see if there is enough
space for the shapes, sizes, and servicing needs of airplanes, if a military
base, then submarines. Any product that benefits from 10303 that is housed or
moved around from building to building some day may utilize BIM and OGC
standards to compare building features and the distances between locations to
determine which buildings or locations are the best fit for a set of
requirements.
Some day any dumb office building with square simple geometry and a completely
typical purpose could plug and play with smarter, more complex utility grids as
Toby Considine states. For this to be consistent across the spectrum of every
kind of building and utility service, it would help to use the 15926 reference
library and integration features as a translator, or normalizer to level the
playing field.
Lots of buildings together change over time, since buildings vary so much both
geometrically and in their function, they will never be as modular as lego
blocks or data. To monitor and improve sustainability maybe EXPRESS, STEP,
15926 and other logical standards can help see bigger pictures.
Regards,
Deborah
On Fri, Mar 13, 2009 at 5:32 AM,
Matthew West <dr.matthew.west@xxxxxxxxx>
wrote:
Dear Deborah,
Let me see if I can shed a little light for you.
> Thanks Matthew, I have never been clear on the relationships between
> 15926, EXPRESS, STEP and the ways these can work together. Is there an
> overview on this somewhere to help the building information community
> understand more about the standards governing larger systems that come
> into buildings, for example utilities?
[MW] There are descriptions of each
of these individually, not least in the
standards that embody them, but a brief over view is possible.
EXPRESS
EXPRESS (ISO 10303-11) is a data modelling language. In fact it was the
first such to become an ISO standard. It has very similar capabilities to
UML static models, or indeed any other data modelling language, and indeed
frame based or Description logics. One of its main distinguishing features
is that whilst most data modelling languages are graphical in nature,
EXPRESS has both a graphical and lexical form (like OWL). EXPRESS is a
pre-XML language, and the lexical form is easily human readable as well as
computer interpretable. Both STEP and ISO 15926 data models were originally
developed using EXPRESS.
STEP - Standard for the Exchange of Product model data
STEP usually refers to ISO 10303, but is not the formal name for the
standard, and is also sometimes used to refer to the whole family of ISO
TC184/SC4 standards, including ISO 15926. The key components of ISO 10303
are Application Protocols. These are data models that are exchange standards
for particular interfaces for particular industries. The focus in STEP is on
the exchange of geometric data about products (generally complex ones like
submarines, planes, buildings etc). Some 40 such Application Protocols (AP)
have been developed. As time went on, people wanted to use these APs
together, and found they were not compatible. Since the mid '90s work has
gone on to restructure the APs so that they are constructed out of common
"modules" so that making an SP is now rather more like building out
of Lego
blocks. The price is that configuration management is a significant issue.
ISO 15926
The process industries, including the oil industry, arrived on the scene in
the early nineties with a data integration requirement rather than a data
exchange requirement, and where it was already clear that STEP did not
support "plug-and-play" but was a long way from a modular design. ISO
15926
consists principally of an integration data model (ISO 15926-2) and a
Reference Data Library (Part 4) that together provide an integration
environment into which data from different sources and different data models
can be translated and integrated.
Regards
Matthew West
Information Junction
Tel: +44 560 302 3685
Mobile: +44 750 3385279
matthew.west@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
http://www.matthew-west.org.uk/
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Deborah L. MacPherson CSI CCS, AIA
Specifications and Research Cannon Design
Projects Director, Accuracy&Aesthetics
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