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Re: [sio-dev] Sharing and Integrating Ontologies

To: sio-dev@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
From: "John F. Sowa" <sowa@xxxxxxxxxxx>
Date: Thu, 15 Apr 2010 16:29:19 -0400
Message-id: <4BC7771F.8070402@xxxxxxxxxxx>
Cory,    (01)

Short answer to all those questions:    (02)

All of those objections have been addressed.  None of them
are valid.    (03)

Longer answers:    (04)

> 1) First order isn't good enough - architectures are modal,
> non-monotonic and deontic - in other words, all the stuff that keeps
> logicians up at night but people use all the time.  While CL may be able
> to go beyond FOL and there may be some ways to encode some of these in
> FOL+, the semantic set of modeling languages is essentially open and so
> must be the ecosystem.    (05)

I've answered this question so many times that I've lost count.
To repeat:    (06)

   Common Logic is a superset of almost every modeling language
   ever invented.    (07)

   To support modal logics and other kinds of things, there is only
   one additional operator needed:  the that-operator of IKL.  With
   that one feature, it is possible to support SBVR and every imaginable
   modeling language in the universe.    (08)

> 2) It is too hard - we want the ecosystem to be friendly to well defined
> languages as well as those that are not.  We want to be able to import
> knowledge that may not be grounded or well formed, we may or may not
> ground it later.  To require that every concept that is brought into the
> ecosystem be formally grounded is too high a bar and would prevent
> adoption.    (09)

FOL is as easy to use as any UML diagram, since all of them are versions
of FOL.  In fact, all of them can be defined as *dialects* of Common
Logic.  For some notations, such as SBVR, you can use IKL as the base.    (010)

Please note that I have *never* recommended CLIF or CGIF as modeling
languages.  Those languages should be considered the *assembly*
language of knowledge representation.  What you should be using
are dialects of CL that have all the goodies anyone might desire.    (011)

> 3) It is fragile and does not deal with inconsistency well.    (012)

That is true of every digital computer and every program that runs
on any digital computer.  But as I said above, I do *not* recommend
that anyone should use CLIF or CGIF by itself.  You should take your
favorite modeling language and have somebody who knows Common Logic
and/or IKL define it as a dialect of CL or IKL.  Then you can use
all your comfy human-factored tools as before.    (013)

> So this will probably get me in deep water on this list, but it seems
> like there is an over-emphasis on FOL.    (014)

You've been using FOL all your life without knowing it.  I've been
trying to explain that for a long time.    (015)

John    (016)


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