The reason that these approaches fail is that they are self-referencing and
embody neither a natural epistemology nor ground. (01)
Regards,
Steven (02)
--
Dr. Steven Ericsson-Zenith
Institute for Advanced Science & Engineering
http://iase.info (03)
On Aug 13, 2013, at 1:05 PM, John F Sowa <sowa@xxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: (04)
> The idea of a universal Interlingua as a basis for defining all the
> concepts of all languages and facilitating translations among them
> is one of the oldest and fondest hopes for machine translation.
>
> One of the largest and best funded projects (billions of yen from the
> Japanese government in the period 1986 to 1994) is EDR. Following is
> a 4-page summary of their goals, formats, and achievements:
>
> http://www.aclweb.org/anthology-new/C/C96/C96-2195.pdf
>
> Following is an excerpt from that article:
>> The Concept Dictionary contains information on the 400,000 concepts listed
>> in the Word Dictionary and is divided according to information type into
>> the Headconcept Dictionary, the Concept Classification Dictionary, and the
>> Concept Description Dictionary. The Headconcept Dictionary describes
>information
>> on the concepts themselves. The Concept Classification Dictionary describes
>> the super/sub relations among the 400,000 concepts. The Concept Description
>> Dictionary describes the semantic (binary) relations, such as 'agent',
>> 'implement', and 'place', between concepts that co-occur in a sentence.
>
> Table 1 in that article summarizes the users. Among them, it lists 66
> Japanese universities and one university "overseas". I suspect that
> the overseas university is Stanford (CSLI). I had talked with some
> people at CSLI about EDR. They said that they had a copy, but nobody
> had found anything useful to do with it.
>
> Following is another article about EDR from a conference in 1997:
>
> http://mt-archive.info/AMTA-1997-Miyoshi.pdf
>
> That article is from a workshop on Interlinguas. For the table of
> contents of the proceedings with URLs to the papers presented, see
>
> http://mt-archive.info/AMTA-1997-TOC.htm
>
> The series of conferences on Interlinguas continued, but the
> proceedings from later years were published in book form, and
> they're not available for free download.
>
> As far as I know, the R & D on Interlinguas has not produced any great
> breakthroughs in natural language understanding or high-quality machine
> translation. If anybody knows of even minor breakthroughs (successful
> commercial applications), please send a note to Ontolog Forum.
>
> John
>
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