While we're on the subject of useful texts, may I suggest Cruz's
Lexical Semantics? ISBN-10: 0521276438 ISBN-13: 978-0521276436 (01)
On Sun, Dec 13, 2009 at 1:20 PM, Paola Di Maio <paola.dimaio@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> Also some of Lakoff's work can be added to this vein:
>
> 1987. Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What Categories Reveal About the
> Mind University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-46804-6.
>
> I am surprised that on this list Lakoff's work has not been mentioned in
> relation to discussions on language and logic (or I may have missed it?),]
> only found Antoinette's reference
>
> http://ontolog.cim3.net/forum/ontolog-forum/2008-06/msg00007.html
>
> had to come all the way to Edinburgh to learn about Lakoff.... duh
>
> grateful for any additional analysis
>
>
>
>
> P
>
>
>
>
>
> On Fri, Dec 11, 2009 at 2:59 AM, Paola Di Maio <paola.dimaio@xxxxxxxxx>
> wrote:
>>
>> Sorry John
>> didnt mean to mischarachterize what you said
>> rather excited about finding arguments in support
>> of some old conjectures and
>> trivializing a little, with statements that were intended as
>> generalizations of even broader lines throughout various posts
>> thanks for the additional quote for future reference
>> apologies again
>> best
>> p
>>
>> On Fri, Dec 11, 2009 at 2:28 AM, John F. Sowa <sowa@xxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>>>
>>> Paola,
>>>
>>> I've said many things at many different times. And in almost every
>>> case, any summary in one sentence is going to be completely wrong.
>>>
>>> > you and others argued that all logical systems are based on FOL
>>> > (if I remember correctly) and that logical reasoning is not
>>> > different between east and west
>>>
>>> Both of those sentences are wrong, as stated. The number of
>>> qualifications is enormous, and any simple statement like that
>>> is going to be extremely misleading.
>>>
>>> If ever want to mention anything I said, please quote my exact
>>> words. Following is a summary, which you can quote, if you like.
>>>
>>> John
>>> ___________________________________________________________________
>>>
>>> A summary of the relationships between logics and natural languages
>>>
>>> By John F. Sowa
>>>
>>> 1. Natural languages are *not* based on logic. Instead, all
>>> versions of logic are *abstractions from* natural languages.
>>>
>>> 2. There are many different versions of logic, and every one of
>>> them is a stylized or simplified version of one of the many
>>> ways of using a natural language. (Wittgenstein's term for
>>> those ways is 'Sprachspiel' or 'language game'.)
>>>
>>> 3. First-order logic is important because it is one of the
>>> *simplest* versions of logic that can be abstracted from
>>> any natural language.
>>>
>>> 4. But there are other kinds of logics that can be abstracted
>>> from natural languages, and they can be very useful for
>>> different purposes. Most people commonly use different
>>> logics and modes of reasoning for different purposes in
>>> their daily lives.
>>>
>>> 5. Different cultures in different parts of the world tend
>>> to emphasize different ways of using language -- different
>>> language games. Hence, they tend to have different
>>> preferences for different versions of logic and reasoning.
>>>
>>> 6. But some kinds of logic are widely used in many different
>>> language games in all parts of the world. FOL, for example,
>>> is the logic used to do arithmetic, and it is found in
>>> every culture that uses money and bookkeeping.
>>>
>>> 7. Since every formal logic is an abstraction from some way
>>> of using a natural language for some useful purpose,
>>> *every* version of logic is a natural logic. Some versions,
>>> however, are more widely used than others. But even the
>>> rare versions are natural for the purposes for which the
>>> people who needed them developed them.
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Paola Di Maio
>> **************************************************
>> “Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.”
>> Albert Einstein
>> **************************************************
>>
>
>
>
> --
> Paola Di Maio
> **************************************************
> “Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.”
> Albert Einstein
> **************************************************
>
>
>
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> (02)
-- (03)
Doug McDavid
dougmcdavid@xxxxxxxxx
916-549-4600 (04)
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