Dear Doug, (01)
Continuing this thread, I have noticed self
interest displays of many varieties in my
business, which has to do with explaining
technology to litigators, judges, juries,
inventors, and related people. Each patent case
has a plaintiff with one focus of self interest
arrayed against a defendant with an entirely
different one. After being involved in about
fifty litigations, I have developed a fairly sharp
ability to identify self interest as perceived by
the plaintiff and defendant. (02)
Also, a friend from high school days, recently
rediscovered due to a class reunion email list,
tells me he has learned to spot a lie very easily
in his work as a policeman. He has gotten so much
exposure to people in trouble that he can tell
when they are shining him on, from when they are
being authentically honest. (03)
In one case, I reviewed a patent about how the so
called "lie detector" technology works. After
enough training, operators learn how to sense
incongruence in the subject, and they begin to see
deeper meaning than just the surface behaviors. (04)
But both of these people told me that it was the
emotions of the subject which are incongruent with
the words, or the situation in which they fit.
That tells me that self interest, though complexly
interpreted by the subject, is a universal driver
built on top of emotional experiences, both
positive and negative emotions. (05)
JMHO,
-Rich (06)
Sincerely,
Rich Cooper
EnglishLogicKernel.com
Rich AT EnglishLogicKernel DOT com
9 4 9 \ 5 2 5 - 5 7 1 2 (07)
-----Original Message-----
From: ontolog-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
[mailto:ontolog-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx] On
Behalf Of doug foxvog
Sent: Tuesday, January 03, 2012 9:22 AM
To: [ontolog-forum]
Subject: Re: [ontolog-forum] Self Interest
Ontology: Emotions in animals (08)
On Mon, January 2, 2012 22:42, Rich Cooper said:
> Dear Self Interested Ontologists, (09)
> This is a post from another newsgroup (010)
Thanks for sharing this, Rich. (011)
> which I
> think demonstrates how basic the emotional
drives
> (i. e. self interest) are. (012)
I find it curious to equate "emotional drives"
with
"self interest". I agree that there are
relationships
between various drives and *perceived* self
interest,
but would hold that the relationship between them
and
self interest is more complex. (013)
The article below discusses that electrical
stimulation
of subcortical regions for the various emotional
arousals
have been used as "rewards" and "punishments" in
various
experiments. (014)
The emotions referred to are:
>> ... Seven types of emotional arousals
>> have been described; using a special
capitalized
>> nomenclature for such primary process emotional
>> systems, they are SEEKING, RAGE, FEAR, LUST,
CARE,
>> PANIC/GRIEF and PLAY. (015)
It seems non-intuitive to me that PANIC and GRIEF
would
be so tied together, that their regions of
activation
would not be distinguishable, when the others
would. (016)
> Even simple animals have them, (017)
The below post only stated that they were present
in all
vertebrates -- not in anything simpler. Perhaps
you meant
to write "simple vertebrates". (018)
-- doug f (019)
> as has often been denied in the
> literature, but which is clarified in this post. (020)
> HTH,
>
> -Rich
>
>
>
> Sincerely,
>
> Rich Cooper
>
> EnglishLogicKernel.com
>
> Rich AT EnglishLogicKernel DOT com
>
> 9 4 9 \ 5 2 5 - 5 7 1 2
>
> _____
>
> From: Discussion Group for Psychology and the
Arts
> [mailto:PSYART@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of
Norman
> Holland
> Sent: Monday, January 02, 2012 4:56 PM
> To: PSYART@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
> Subject: Emotions in animals
>
>
>
> These are important findings from the father of
> "affective neuroscience," Jaak Panksepp. As
every
> pet owner knows, cats and dogs have emotions.
But
> which and how? What's particularly intriguing
is
> the idea that there is a certain finite number
of
> focal emotions.
>
> --Norm
>
>
> 1.
>
> PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e21236. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
>
>
> Cross-species
> <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21915252>
> affective neuroscience decoding of the primal
> affective experiences of humans and related
> animals.
>
>
> Panksepp J
>
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Pankse
> pp%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D> .
>
>
> Source
>
>
> Department of Veterinary & Comparative Anatomy,
> Pharmacology and Physiology College of
Veterinary
> Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman,
> Washington, United States of America.
>
>
> Abstract
>
>
> BACKGROUND: The issue of whether other animals
> have internally felt experiences has vexed
animal
> behavioral science since its inception. Although
> most investigators remain agnostic on such
> contentious issues, there is now abundant
> experimental evidence indicating that all
mammals
> have negatively and positively-valenced
emotional
> networks concentrated in homologous brain
regions
> that mediate affective experiences when animals
> are emotionally aroused. That is what the
> neuroscientific evidence indicates. PRINCIPAL
> FINDINGS: THE RELEVANT LINES OF EVIDENCE ARE AS
> FOLLOWS: 1) It is easy to elicit powerful
> unconditioned emotional responses using
localized
> electrical stimulation of the brain (ESB); these
> effects are concentrated in ancient subcortical
> brain regions. Seven types of emotional arousals
> have been described; using a special capitalized
> nomenclature for such primary process emotional
> systems, they are SEEKING, RAGE, FEAR, LUST,
CARE,
> PANIC/GRIEF and PLAY. 2) These brain circuits
are
> situated in homologous subcortical brain regions
> in all vertebrates tested. Thus, if one
activates
> FEAR arousal circuits in rats, cats or primates,
> all exhibit similar fear responses. 3) All
> primary-process emotional-instinctual urges,
even
> ones as complex as social PLAY, remain intact
> after radical neo-decortication early in life;
> thus, the neocortex is not essential for the
> generation of primary-process emotionality. 4)
> Using diverse measures, one can demonstrate that
> animals like and dislike ESB of brain regions
that
> evoke unconditioned instinctual emotional
> behaviors: Such ESBs can serve as 'rewards' and
> 'punishments' in diverse approach and
> escape/avoidance learning tasks. 5) Comparable
ESB
> of human brains yield comparable affective
> experiences. Thus, robust evidence indicates
that
> raw primary-process (i.e., instinctual,
> unconditioned) emotional behaviors and feelings
> emanate from homologous brain functions in all
> mammals (see Appendix S1), which are regulated
by
> higher brain regions. Such findings suggest
> nested-hierarchies of BrainMind affective
> processing, with primal emotional functions
being
> foundational for secondary-process learning and
> memory mechanisms, which interface with
> tertiary-process cognitive-thoughtful functions
of
> the BrainMind.
>
> PMCID: PMC3168430
>
>
>
> Free PMC Article
>
>
>
>
> PMID:
>
> 21915252
>
>
>
>
> .
>
> Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2011 Aug 19. [Epub ahead
of
> print]
>
>
> The basic
> <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21872619>
> emotional circuits of mammalian brains: Do
animals
> have affective lives?
>
>
> Panksepp J
>
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=%22Pankse
> pp%20J%22%5BAuthor%5D> .
>
>
> Source
>
>
> Department of VCAPP, College of Veterinary
> Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman,
> WA, USA.
>
>
> Abstract
>
>
> The primal affects are intrinsic brain value
> systems that unconditionally and automatically
> inform animals how they are faring in survival.
> They serve an essential function in emotional
> learning. The positive affects index "comfort
> zones" that support survival, while negative
> affects inform animals of circumstances that may
> impair survival. Affective feelings come in
> several varieties, including sensory,
homeostatic,
> and emotional (which I focus on here).
> Primary-process emotional feelings arise from
> ancient caudal and medial subcortical regions,
and
> were among the first subjective experiences to
> exist on the face of the earth. Without them,
> higher forms of conscious "awareness" may not
have
> emerged in primate brain evolution. Because of
> homologous "instinctual" neural infrastructures,
> we can utilize animal brain research to reveal
the
> nature of primary-process human affects. Since
all
> vertebrates appear to have some capacity for
> primal affective feelings, the implications for
> animal-welfare and how we ethically treat other
> animals are vast.
>
> Copyright C 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights
> reserved.
>
>
>
>
> PMID:
>
> 21872619
>
> =====================================
>
>
>
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doug foxvog doug@xxxxxxxxxx
http://ProgressiveAustin.org (022)
"I speak as an American to the leaders of my own
nation. The great
initiative in this war is ours. The initiative to
stop it must be ours."
- Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
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