Azamat, (01)
That property is only true of toy ontologies that are unable
to deal with problems that anyone would actually pay to solve: (02)
AA> The uniqueness of ontology is that it is a single concept
> scheme uniformly covering all things in the world. (03)
Cyc is the largest formal ontology that has ever been implemented,
and after the first five years (from 1984 to 1989), they had to
supplement their uniform upper-level ontology with a large and
growing number of "microtheories" for the various specializations.
After 20 years (around 2004), they had defined an ontology with
about 600,000 categories, 2 million axioms, and 6,000 microtheories. (04)
Then there was the HALO project, sponsored by Bill Gates's former
buddy, Paul Allen. For that project, three groups -- Cycorp,
OntoPrise, and SRI International -- were given the task of
representing some pages from a chemistry textbook in their
favorite notation and solving some problems that would be
typical of a college freshman course in chemistry. (05)
Despite the fact that Cyc had a much larger knowledge base than
the other two groups, it did not help them. The average cost
for all three groups to translate the text into their notation
was about the same -- $10,000 per page. The average score on
the exam was about 40% to 47% correct, and Cyc had the lowest
score. (06)
If anyone else has any further information about any large
uniform knowledge representation that has been more successful,
I would be delighted to hear about it. (07)
John (08)
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