Concord with Mills Davis on this point:
Formal ''Logic is just a tool'', an art, at best, a formal science. It
neither increases knowledge nor discoverying new truths of reality nor
developing the sciences nor opening new arguments and demonstrations, as it
was observed by Bacon, Descartes and Galileo. If the logic discovers truths,
only those depending on meanings (of terms). It is rather critical than
productive instrument.
So any real reasoning, above logical consistency and rules of valid
inference, asks for the knowledge of reality, the real significance, matter
and content of the formal elements of a discourse about something (terms,
propositions, and inferences) (01)
But, in its highest sense, like ontology, logic has an unlimited scope,
concerning with the formal parts of discourse about anything. In its
ultimate sense, there is one universal logic common to all the sciences and
knowledge branches, exemplified as philosophical logic, epistemic logic,
doxastic logic, deontic logic, scientific logic, inductive logic,
mathematical logic, physical logic, political logic, etc.
Such a common logic exists as an inherent part in a unified formal ontology,
considering the being of everything which exists, changes and relates. (02)
Azamat Abdoullaev (03)
----- Original Message -----
From: "Chris Menzel" <cmenzel@xxxxxxxx>
To: "[ontolog-forum] " <ontolog-forum@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Sent: Monday, September 17, 2007 10:12 PM
Subject: Re: [ontolog-forum] Current Semantic Web Layer pizza (was ckae) (04)
> On Mon, Sep 17, 2007 at 01:59:38PM -0400, Mills Davis wrote:
>> ...
>> Permit me to wax for a moment. I think the really interesting stuff of
>> reasoning (e.g., questions where lives are on the line, questions of
>> guilt or innocence, questions of ethics, questions about what is the
>> best product design, or best course of action for a business,
>> questions of public policy, or career choices) always involve more
>> than logical consistency. They involve trade-offs and values. Often
>> there is no "right" answer. Logic is just a tool.
>
> To all of which any logician would respond with a hearty "Amen". That
> formal logic of itself cannot decide a single practical problem is
> taught on Day One of an intro course. The logician's point is only that
> ethical assumptions, values, concepts of guilt and innocence, judgments
> about courses of action, public policy, and career choices have to be
> *expressed* in logic if there is any hope of using them to solve
> practical problems with the aid of computers.
>
> Chris Menzel
>
>
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