Hi John, (01)
I have questions about your Dynamic Theory of Ontology paper. As your
own best librarian and arbitar of writing by others, can you suggest
further reading for the points below? (02)
1. Lexical semantics and modularity (03)
2. Documentation of being "finished" EX: a computer system, evolving
ontology, artworks such as paintings not becoming overworked each one,
versus an artists body of work (04)
3. Bridges (05)
4. Opposite of the end of Section 1, last paragraph, instead of
variable meanings of a finite set of words - finite meanings in
variable sets of words? (06)
5. Paring down ambiguities (07)
6. Lattices that are not equally spaced with square corners and
intersections as shown in Figure 2, but more curved organic shapes and
overlaps? (08)
7. Last and most important - abstract or artificial markers. Do you
think this topic might be more in line with the structured algebraic
specifications (SAS) Jim Horning was talking about earlier? (09)
I am going to be away from this computer for a week and plan to
re-read this paper again to be sure I understand what you are saying.
Also some of the references at the end too. (010)
Thanks sincerely for the clear explanations, (011)
Debbie (012)
On 3/10/07, John F. Sowa <sowa@xxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> Debbie,
>
> Ambiguity is inevitable.
>
> It sometimes causes trouble. For certain special cases,
> it is possible to create artificial languages that
> eliminate ambiguity -- but *only* for those special cases.
>
> It is not possible to eliminate ambiguity, because that
> would also freeze science, engineering, business, art, and
> *life* in a static, unalterable toy universe that endlessly
> repeats its preset moves -- like a computer program.
>
> See the following abstract and paper.
>
> John
> ________________________________________________
>
> Source: http://www.jfsowa.com/pubs/dynonto.htm
>
> A Dynamic Theory of Ontology
>
> John F. Sowa
>
> Abstract. Natural languages are easy to learn by infants, they can
> express any thought that any adult might ever conceive, and they
> accommodate the limitations of human breathing rates and short-term
> memory. The first property implies a finite vocabulary, the second
> implies infinite extensibility, and the third implies a small upper
> bound on the length of phrases. Together, they imply that most words in
> a natural language will have an open-ended number of senses — ambiguity
> is inevitable. Peirce and Wittgenstein are two philosophers who
> understood that vagueness and ambiguity are not defects in language, but
> essential properties that enable it to accommodate anything and
> everything that people need to say. In analyzing the ambiguities,
> Wittgenstein developed his theory of language games, which allow words
> to have different senses in different contexts, applications, or modes
> of use. Recent developments in lexical semantics, which are remarkably
> compatible with the views of Peirce and Wittgenstein, are based on the
> recognition that words have an open-ended number of dynamically changing
> and context-dependent microsenses. The resulting flexibility enables
> natural languages to adapt to any possible subject from any perspective
> for any humanly conceivable purpose. To achieve a comparable level of
> flexibility with formal ontologies, this paper proposes an organization
> with a dynamically evolving collection of formal theories, systematic
> mappings to formal concept types and informal lexicons of natural
> language terms, and a modularity that allows independent distributed
> development and extension of all resources, formal and informal.
>
>
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> (013)
-- (014)
************************************************* (015)
Deborah MacPherson
www.accuracyandaesthetics.com
www.deborahmacpherson.com (016)
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