I am not an expert on ontology and I personally find this discussion
very interesting and all that but I find it hard to believe that belongs
here.
Perhaps there is a Microsoft vs NASA forum that you could move this to
and let us know where you take it. (01)
Ron (02)
Ed Barkmeyer wrote:
> John,
>
> you wrote:
>
>
>> EB> (1) a general lack of design principles in MS Windows in
>> > the 1990-95 period...
>>
>> Not true. Microsoft hired the chief designer of Digital's VMS,
>> which was an outstanding operating system. The foundation for
>> NT was OS/2, which was jointly designed by IBM and MSFT. ...
>>
>
> Which was not MS Windows in the 1990-95 period.
>
> Windows NT was a separate product, and I said that, and I pointed to the
> VMS background.
>
>
>> EB> (2) a poor hardware base...
>>
>> EB> (3) upward compatibility requirements...
>>
>> Neither of those is true. Both NT and OS/2 were designed to run
>> on any 32-bit hardware,
>>
>
> Except that Intel didn't actually build a 32-bit hardware architecture
> until 1994, which is what I said. The problem with the previous 80x86
> designs was that the memory was never a single address space as seen by
> the instruction set, every I/O device control was thru a primary
> register, and all the DMA schemes were different. The 1980 breakthrough
> in microcomputers (like the MC68000 used by Apple and the Z8000) was
> 32-bit addressing in the processor and "memory-mapped", i.e.
> bus-addressable, devices. And most of them involved shared bus control,
> which Intel had pioneered but IBM didn't use in the PC design.
>
> And NT was not a part of the Windows 95 or Windows 97 or Windows 98 or
> Windows 2000 products.
>
>
>> and the migration strategy outlined above
>> would have allowed the old 3.1 GUI and a full 32-bit GUI to coexist
>> on different applications running simultaneously.
>>
>
> Of course. But that "GUI" included application intervention in keyboard
> interfaces, mouse movement, screen displays, sound management, etc.
> Microsoft actually made a significant investment in constructing a
> virtual environment to run such applications in Windows 95. Part of the
> upward compatibility problem was to make the real operating system
> elements support that virtual environment. It gave rise to a lot of
> cascading interface conversions, which became a bad habit at Microsoft.
>
> And each system has introduced new upward compatibility issues,
> particularly in the graphics and sound areas, because the previous
> system functionality set was underdesigned with respect to the next
> generation hardware. The general model being presented to the
> application has been different from the underlying support models since
> Windows 95, and each time it is augmented, the next generation of
> hardware modifies the support model and forces another transform.
> Almost all of this is about supporting the fancy graphics and sound
> capabilities needed by games and videos, which is where (4) comes in.
>
>
>> EB> (4) all things to all men. The Windows target market was
>> > businesses, control systems, gamers and hobbyists, and grandmothers.
>>
>> Apple's OS X meets those requirements far better with a separable
>> GUI on top of a Unix clone. A server doesn't need a high-speed GUI,
>> but a game machine needs a super-speed GUI. If they're separate,
>> you can support both with the same kernel. For example, a game
>> GUI could run in a virtual memory that is locked into unpaged RAM.
>>
>
> How and what Apple does in this diverse market I don't really know. But
> unlike Microsoft, they didn't have 18 other companies making new and
> wonderful display hardware and graphics accelerators and enhanced sound
> systems that Dell and Sony and IBM and HP and ... elected to plug into
> their hardware platforms. Each of the hardware vendors was targeting a
> particular market and seeking "best in class" in that market, but they
> all depended on Windows to support them. Microsoft was only somewhat
> able to control the interface situation, and unlike Apple, they were not
> trying to create and control customer appetites (in that area).
>
> The point I was making is that trying to support all of it, along with
> upward compatibility with earlier underdesigns, and bad ideas like
> "integrating" the browser into the operating system, had a much bigger
> impact than the degree of "modularity" in the software design.
>
>
>> EB> (5) external pressure. Vista is a hack on Windows XP whose
>> > primary objective was to lock down security before certain powerful...
>>
>> Any OS designer with any smarts would know that those security features
>> would be broken by a professional hacker in about 15 minutes.
>>
>
> I was recently given to understand that in mid-2008 Mac OS X is known by
> security freaks to have about the same level of vulnerability as Vista.
> The advantage it has is that fewer criminals have chosen to attack it,
> because targeting 20% of the marketplace produces lower RoI than
> targeting 80% of it.
>
> But you don't need to be a highly skilled professional hacker to
> penetrate most of these systems. There are lots of stupid and careless
> people who have access and are just waiting to be used.
>
>
>> Sony
>> made the foolish decision to placate the RIAA, and Steve Jobs ate
>> their lunch. When an industry such as RIAA has an obsolete business
>> model, getting in bed with them is suicide.
>>
>
> Yes, Apple and Microsoft can ignore certain industry complaints, and
> even big political campaigns from some industry organizations. But I
> don't think it was the RIAA that created the security issues that
> spawned Vista. Think who is liable for everything but the first $50 on
> credit card frauds, and who is deeply concerned about penetration of
> databases of private information that was acquired by law. And imagine
> the pressure they can bring to bear.
>
>
>> EB> And OBTW, the saga of Windows is a nearly one-for-one repeat of
>> > the sequence of mistakes IBM made in designing operating systems
>> > for the 360/370 series between 1964 and 1976.
>>
>> I was at IBM in those years, and I plan to write some memoirs about
>> those events. The only thing in common was that pointy-haired
>> bosses made technical decisions for political reasons. The kinds
>> of mistakes were very different.
>>
>
> Well, John, you and I seem to have different approaches to abstraction.
> So it stands to reason we wouldn't see the same commonalities:
> - bad systems design practices
> - underdesigned hardware
> - upward compatibility requirements
> - all things to all men
>
> But then, you don't believe that those were characteristic of the
> Windows legacy either.
>
> In fairness, the IBM 360 effort was among the first of its kind, and
> some of the underdesign was a consequence of unknown territory. But
> unfortunately, some of it was deliberate, and some of it was also
> failing to learn from prior experience, or to use the people who had it.
> And once the mistakes were in place in the customer and developer
> shops, upward compatibility became an albatross. MVS was every bit as
> ugly and ungainly as Vista, and for many of the same reasons.
>
> Quod scripsi, scripsi.
>
> -Ed
>
> (03)
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