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Re: [ontolog-forum] language ambiguity (was: Axiomatic ontology)

To: "[ontolog-forum]" <ontolog-forum@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
From: "Len Yabloko" <lenya@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Date: Fri, 15 Feb 2008 20:10:05 +0000
Message-id: <W581316787110831203106205@webmail5>
>Speaking of question answering based on wikipedia.  Have you looked at 
>AskMeNow's  AskWiki?
>
>
>http://askwiki.com/AskWiki/index.php/Main_Page 
><http://askwiki.com/AskWiki/index.php/Main_Page>     (01)

Yes, just now I looked, and I am not very impressed. Even comparing to 
PowereLab.     (02)

Answer to Your Question: "when is Lincoln birthday"
It was first proposed by Idaho in 1864, when the Capital was moved from 
Lewiston to its present-day location of Boise, which made governing the 
out-of-reach panhandle more difficult.    (03)

Google easily figures missing 's
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=when+is+Lincoln+birthday&btnG=Google+Search    (04)

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>On Feb 15, 2008, at 10:03 AM, Len Yabloko wrote:
>I have tried it at the address below - it is experimental site called 
>PowerLabs. You can't search the Web, but only Wikipedia and only using 
>tripples: something-connection-something.
>This is what you get for FDA - approves - drugs
>
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>
>*                                                                              
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>                         
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>                                                                               
>                                Oprelvekin 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oprelvekin> :                                    
>                                                                      "The FDA 
>has approved the drug very recently, in 2006."                                 
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
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>                                Criticism of the Food and Drug Administration 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Food_and_Drug_Administration> : 
>                                                                               
>                            "Criticism: FDA approves unsafe drugs"             
>                                                                               
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>                                                                               
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>                                                                               
>                                Criticism of the Food and Drug Administration 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Food_and_Drug_Administration> : 
>                                                                               
>                            "Some critics believe that the FDA has been too 
>willing to overlook safety concerns in approving new drugs, and is slow to 
>withdraw approved drugs once evidence shows them to be unsafe."                
>                                                                               
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>                         
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>                                Criticism of the Food and Drug Administration 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Food_and_Drug_Administration> : 
>"Troglitazone and rofecoxib (trade name Vioxx) are high-profile examples of 
>drugs approved by the FDA which were later withdrawn from the market for 
>posing unacceptable risks to patients."                                        
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>  
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>                                                                               
>                                Pramlintide 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pramlintide> :                                   
>                                                                             
>"Symlin is the only drug approved by the FDA to lower blood sugar in type 1 
>diabetics since insulin's discovery in the early 1920s."                       
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                         
>
>                                                                               
>                                Omapatrilat 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omapatrilat> :                                   
>                                                                             
>"This drug from BMS was not approved by the FDA due to angioedema safety 
>concerns [Reference: Joshi Venugopal. (2003) Pharmacological modulation of the 
>natriuretic peptide system."                                                   
>                                                                               
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>             
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>                                National Drug Code System 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Drug_Code_System> :                     
>                                                                               
>        "Inclusion of a drug in the directory does not mean that the FDA has 
>approved the drug or that Medicare, Medicaid or other payers will reimburse 
>for it."                                                                       
>                                                                               
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>                                                                               
>                                Torisel <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torisel> 
>:                                                                              
>                                  "Temsirolimus is an intravenous drug for the 
>treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), developed by Wyeth Pharmaceuticals 
>and approved by the FDA in late May 2007."                                     
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
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>                            
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>                                                                               
>                                Monoamine oxidase inhibitor 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitor> : "Two such drugs, 
>selegiline and rasagiline have been approved by the FDA to not require dietary 
>restrictions, except in high dosage treatment."                                
>                                                                               
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>                                                                               
>           
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>                                Neuropsychopharmacology 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropsychopharmacology> : "The FDA has approved 
>drugs which selectively act on each of the major neurotransmitters such as NE 
>reuptake inhibitor antidepressants, DA blocker anti-psychotics, and GABA 
>agonist tranquilizers (benzodiazepines)."                                      
>                                                                               
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>      
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>                                Insulin-like growth factor 1 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_1> :                  
>                                                                               
>             "In August 2005, the FDA approved Tercica's IGF-1 drug, Increlex, 
>as replacement therapy for severe primary IGF-1 deficiency based on clinical 
>trial data from 71 patients."                                                  
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                    
>
>                                                                               
>                                Lipodissolve 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipodissolve> : "One of these businesses states 
>on its website that "Pharmacies are permitted to compound drugs pursuant to a 
>valid patient/physician/pharmacist relationship - even if the drugs have not 
>been approved by the FDA.""                                                    
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                     
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>                                                                               
>                                Lipodissolve 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipodissolve> :                                  
>                                                                            
>"On August 31, fig. a company that manages or operates 15 medical body shaping 
>centers offering the Lipodissolve procedure ((http://www.fig.com 
><http://www.fig.com> /)), filed a petition for a temporary restraining order 
>in Shawnee, Kansas to prevent the ban from going into effect 
>(http://www.bizjournals.com/stlouis/stories/2007/09/10/story15.html?b=1189396800
> 
><http://www.bizjournals.com/stlouis/stories/2007/09/10/story15.html?b=1189396800>
> %5E1516650). .Fig states on their public website "Pharmacies are permitted to 
>compound drugs pursuant to a valid patient/physician/pharmacist relationship - 
>even if the drugs have not been approved by the FDA." 
>(http://www.fig.com/mythvfact.html <http://www.fig.com/mythvfact.html> )."     
>                                                                               
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>                                Reverse transcriptase inhibitor 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_transcriptase_inhibitor> :               
>                                                                               
>                  "Zidovudine was the first antiretroviral drug approved by 
>the FDA for the treatment of HIV."                                             
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
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>                   
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>                                Off-label use 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-label_use> :                                 
>                                                                           
>"However, once the FDA approves a drug for prescription use, they do not 
>attempt to regulate the practice of medicine, and so the physician makes 
>decisions based on her or his best judgment."                                  
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>          
>
>                                                                               
>                                Abortion-related violence 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion-related_violence> :                     
>                                                                               
>        "October 1, 2000: A Catholic priest drove his car into the Northern 
>Illinois Health Clinic after learning that the FDA had approved the drug 
>RU-486."                                                                       
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                       
>
>                                                                               
>                                Eli Lilly Controversy 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli_Lilly_Controversy> : "The drug instead was 
>approved by the FDA for use in the treatment of adult ADHD, which has become 
>its more common use."                                                          
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                           
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>                                                                               
>                                Generic drug 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generic_drug> :                                  
>                                                                            
>"The FDA must approve generic drugs just as innovator drugs must be approved." 
>                                                                               
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>                                Drotrecogin alfa 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drotrecogin_alfa> :                              
>                                                                               
> "The FDA approved the drug in 2001 as was the case with the drug authorities 
>in many other countries."                                                      
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>        
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>                                                                               
>                                Approved drug 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approved_drug> :                                 
>                                                                           "In 
>the United States, the FDA approves drugs."                                    
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                 
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>                                                                               
>                                Health care in the United States 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_in_the_United_States> : "In addition 
>there are regulatory bodies such as the FDA that identify and approve drugs 
>for medical use and sale."                                                     
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                                                       
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>                                                                               
>                                Natalizumab 
><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natalizumab> :                                   
>                                                                             
>"After an intensive safety evaluation, the drug was re-approved by the FDA as 
>a potentially significant advancement over existing therapies and returned to 
>the marketplace under a program of restricted distribution and regular patient 
>evaluations."                                                                  
>                                                                               
>                                                                               
>                                        
>
>
>
>  -----Original Message-----
>From: paola.dimaio@xxxxxxxxx [mailto:paola.dimaio@xxxxxxxxx 
><mailto:paola.dimaio@xxxxxxxxx> ]
>Sent: Friday, February 15, 2008 12:19 AM
>To: '[ontolog-forum]'
>Subject: Re: [ontolog-forum] language ambiguity (was: Axiomatic ontology)
>
>re. powerset, yes I have a seen a demo at ISWC in Busan Korea. The guy dId a 
>search for 'fda approved drugs' and in the retrieved list there was also 
>'marijuana' So we wondered if marijuana was approved, and when we clicked on 
>it said 'not approved' 'it also picks up negative instanes' said the guy. 
>hehehe.. there is a video somewhere on the web, unless they edited it out... 
>On 2/15/08, Rob Freeman  wrote: > The most ambitious effort I know of along 
>the lines of using classical > NLP to try and label the Web for meaning is the 
>very trendy new Web > startup Powerset: > > http://www.powerset.com 
><http://www.powerset.com>  > > As I recall they have got funding in the area 
>of $10+ M to index the > whole Web. They've bought rights to PARC's NLP 
>technology. > > Are people here aware of that company? > > I have a soft spot 
>for any NLP effort, but anyone who has seen my > posts here will probably 
>realize I think they have got the problem > exactly the wrong way around. 
>Instead of using NLP to help with > search, I think they should be using 
>something like search to fix NLP > (and improve search at the same time.) > > 
>But that's another story. The effort is interesting. > > -Rob > > On Thu, Feb 
>14, 2008 at 7:29 PM,  wrote: > > > > > > Dear Pat, > > > > This looks somewhat 
>similar to what I have seen from a couple of EC funded > > research projects I 
>was a reviewer for over the last several years. There > is > > no doubt that 
>if you consider this sort of thing to be a tool for computer > > assisted 
>ontology development, then it can be very helpful, particularly > > where we 
>are talking about extracting brute facts. However, if you are > > talking 
>about more general ontology extraction, then of course the > ontolgoy > > 
>produced is going to be no better than that of the document considered, > and 
>> > there are the usual issues with ambiguity that computers usually struggle 
>> > with, especially using words with different senses in close proximity. > > 
>> > > > > > Regards > > > > Matthew West > > 
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