Until now I was always amazed and amused at how easy it apparently is to
hop on some well-funded R&D gravy train with a proposal to investigate
something that has been the common knowledge of learned people for over
2000 years. (01)
But this bit of research inadvertently solves the mystery: observation
and simple human reason are untrustworthy until "substantive" research
"proves" it. (02)
(Now *there's* a real mystery, and a research topic worth funding.) (03)
Regards,
--Paul (04)
On Wed, 2014-10-22 at 09:18 -0700, Rich Cooper wrote:
> In some peacetime future, the DoD will likely release unclassified
> versions of their work, if it's any good. They've been pretty good at
> transitioning technology to the public. Sometimes, it happens through
> engineers polished by the defense contractors who leave and start
> their own businesses with the knowledge gained from defense work.
>
>
>
> Below is a PLOSOne article about metaphor and how it affects reasoning
> as shown in five experiments. http://www.plosone.org/article/info%
> 3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0016782
>
>
>
> Here is the abstract:
>
> The way we talk about complex and abstract ideas is suffused with
> metaphor. In five experiments, we explore how these metaphors
> influence the way that we reason about complex issues and forage for
> further information about them. We find that even the subtlest
> instantiation of a metaphor (via a single word) can have a powerful
> influence over how people attempt to solve social problems like crime
> and how they gather information to make “well-informed” decisions.
> Interestingly, we find that the influence of the metaphorical framing
> effect is covert: people do not recognize metaphors as influential in
> their decisions; instead they point to more “substantive” (often
> numerical) information as the motivation for their problem-solving
> decision. Metaphors in language appear to instantiate frame-consistent
> knowledge structures and invite structurally consistent inferences.
> Far from being mere rhetorical flourishes, metaphors have profound
> influences on how we conceptualize and act with respect to important
> societal issues. We find that exposure to even a single metaphor can
> induce substantial differences in opinion about how to solve social
> problems: differences that are larger, for example, than pre-existing
> differences in opinion between Democrats and Republicans.
>
>
>
> Sincerely,
>
> Rich Cooper
>
> EnglishLogicKernel.com
>
> Rich AT EnglishLogicKernel DOT com
>
> 9 4 9 \ 5 2 5 - 5 7 1 2
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: ontolog-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> [mailto:ontolog-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of David
> Whitten
> Sent: Tuesday, October 21, 2014 8:46 AM
> To: [ontolog-forum]
> Subject: Re: [ontolog-forum] Metaphor and memes in belief groups
>
>
>
> From my research, the Meta-Net repository is not available to the
>
> general public.
>
> As it is funded by the Department of Defense (of the USA), it may
>
> never be available.
>
>
>
> a page that seems to be speaking about it:
>
>
>
>
>http://www.iarpa.gov/index.php/research-programs/metaphor?highlight=WyJtZXRhcGhvciJd
>
>
>
> Searching on Google Scholar with this string seems to be a way of
>
> finding papers about it:
>
>
>
> W911NF-12-C-0024 OR W911NF-12-C-0023 OR W911NF-12-C-0020 OR
>
> W911NF-12-C-0022 OR W911NF-12-C-0021 OR W911NF-12-C-0025
>
>
>
> ie:
>
>
>
> http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=W911NF-12-C-0024+OR
> +W911NF-12-C-0023+OR+W911NF-12-C-0020+OR+W911NF-12-C-0022+OR
> +W911NF-12-C-0021+OR+W911NF-12-C-0025&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C47
>
>
>
>
>
> On Tue, Oct 21, 2014 at 10:39 AM, Rich Cooper
>
> <rich@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>
> > Ontologists All,
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> > Here is an article on metaphor, and on how Heather McCallum-Bayliss,
> an
>
> > IARPA program manager, was working on metaphor in 2011.
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
>http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/05/why-are-spy-researchers-building-a-metaphor-program/239402/?single_page=true
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> > Does anyone know of any broadly useful results in metaphor that came
> out of
>
> > this work, or perhaps you have other metaphor articles?
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> > Also, in the way of communities believing in the same ontologies,
> this
>
> > article says that political bias – either direction – causes people
> to trust
>
> > or distrust news sources depending on how that source supports their
>
> > preconceived tendency toward left or right persuasions.
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> > The roughly 1 in 5 Americans with consistently liberal or
> conservative
>
> > views, based on a 10-question scale of political opinions, rely on
> very
>
> > different sources of news and information, and nearly all the
> sources
>
> > trusted by one side are heavily distrusted by the other.
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
>http://www.freep.com/story/news/nation/2014/10/21/die-hard-liberals-hardcore-conservatives-create-news-bubble-study-finds/17654545/
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> > I wonder if that indicates anything about metaphor?
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> > -Rich
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
> > Sincerely,
>
> >
>
> > Rich Cooper
>
> >
>
> > EnglishLogicKernel.com
>
> >
>
> > Rich AT EnglishLogicKernel DOT com
>
> >
>
> > 9 4 9 \ 5 2 5 - 5 7 1 2
>
> >
>
> >
>
> >
>
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>
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