Subject: Re: [ontolog-forum] Toward Human-Level AI
John and
John
John Bottoms writes:
> Tell me again why we need a new computer language?
> I would rather vote to kill off some of the languages
we already have.
We need a new programming language because the currently
used languages
(including Prolog) are deficient on 7 simplicity-related
leading edges compared
with a design circulated at IBM in 1973. See "Inexcusable
Complexity for 40 years"
on my web site. Killing off some current languages would
ALSO be a good idea.
If you don't think we need a new design that allows for
greater simplicity, please
translate
6 = count every state where populatn of some city of
it > 1000000
into your favorite language and tell us why anyone should
allow their brain to be
burdened with such irrelevant complexity. I expect those 14
tokens will require over 35
in the best current languages. The above capability was
running at DEC in 1982.
Simplicity of _expression_ is important for advanced AI
because that requires
working with information about information and the
extraneous complexities
get compounded.
It is possible to design building blocks of information
which are
well designed to be easily arranged. Fundamentals are
being ignored.
John Sowa writes:
> Anybody who has
> never written at least a few exercises with Prolog or other logic
> programming (LP) language is not qualified to express an opinion
> on this topic.
Something similar could be said about the many people who
are 40 years behind on
those 7 leading edges.
To John Bottoms: I live in the next town and would be glad
to discuss these issues further.
Ed Lowry
Bedford Mass
781 276 4098
eslowry@xxxxxxxxxxxx
http://users.rcn.com/eslowry
**********************************
On 6/8/2014 10:13 PM, John Bottoms wrote:
On 6/8/2014 3:25 PM, John F
Sowa wrote:
I came across a book by Bob Kowalski, who makes a strong argument
for model building as a basis for intelligent systems. The ideas
are further developments of his work on logic-programming systems.
Kowalski, Robert (2011) Computational Logic and Human Thinking: How
to be Artificially Intelligent, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
John,
There have been a number of people who have put forward
that concept. It seems to be a common basis for the
implementation myth. AKA: if you only did this then you
would have AI. This was one of the leading contributors to
the 5th Generation AI failure. The designers felt that if
you implemented logic then you would have a smart machine.
It is a variant of the Philosopher's Disease: if you
implement all the words in a dictionary, then you will
have a smart machine.
Certainly there is a need for modeling, and likewise,
there are roadblocks to doing that right now. We don't
know what type of KR to use, we don't understand how the
models should be structured, and we don't know the details
of extensibility.
There is no dearth of programming languages. We now have
as many computer languages as we do natural languages.
That is because they are increasingly easy to construct
with tools provided for just that purpose. Also, there are
efficiency justifications for creating new languages. In
fact, my natural language is not particularly efficient.
The estimates are that English is about 50%
redundant...for very good reasons. Tell me again why we
need a new computer language? I would rather vote to kill
off some of the languages we already have.
Why do you think this work is important? Or, why is this
approach more important than any other type of solution?
Does it move us forward an order of magnitude in any way?
-John Bottoms
FirstStar Systems
Concord, MA USA
You can buy it for $44.10 or download an earlier version for free:
http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~rak/papers/LPS%20revision.pdf
The papers cited below go into more detail about LP methods for
deriving imperative procedures from declarative statements.
Logic Programming
http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~rak/papers/History.pdf
Completeness of a Reactive System Language
http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~rak/papers/KELPS%20Completeness.pdf
Reactive Computing as Model Generation
http://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~rak/papers/LPS%20revision.pdf
See below for excerpts from each of these sources.
John
_________________________________________________________________________
From the book:
Although the applications of Computational Logic in AI require the
use of mathematical notation, its human applications do not. As a
consequence, I have written the main part of this book informally,
to reach as wide an audience as possible. Because human thinking
is also the subject of study in many other fields, I have drawn upon
related studies in Cognitive Psychology, Linguistics, Philosophy,
Law, Management Science and English Composition.
In fact, the variant of Computational logic presented in this book
builds not only upon developments of logic in AI, but also upon many
other complementary and competing knowledge representation and problem
solving paradigms. In particular, it incorporates procedural representa-
tions of knowledge from AI and Computing, production systems from AI
and Cognitive Science, and decision analysis from Management Science,
Cognitive Psychology and Philosophy.
From the article, History.pdf
The driving force behind logic programming is the idea that a single
formalism suffices for both logic and computation, and that logic
subsumes computation.
From the article, KELP Completeness.pdf
KELPS is a first-order, sorted language, including a special sort
for time. In the version of KELPS presented in this paper, we assume
that time is linear and discrete, and that the succession of time
points is represented by the ticks of a logical clock.
From the article, LPS revisions.pdf
In this paper we propose a logic-based framework inspired by artificial
intelligence, but scaled down for practical database and programming
applications. Computation in the framework is viewed as the task of
generating a sequence of state transitions, with the purpose of making
an agent’s goals all true.
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