Yes, pretty much everyone uses Davidsonian event variables these days. With theta/thematic roles and in a lambda structure. At least non-statistical, i.e.,
symbolic/linguistic NLP approaches do.
I was mentioning ACL and KQML because people tend to forget what went before. And so they are doomed to reinvent the wheel time and again. ACL and KQML explicitly
used speech act theory.
E.g., most service folks (SOA) don’t know that intelligent agent technology largely did what they are redoing, i.e., agent tasks can be considered “services”,
agent coordination and planning/task representation can be considered inter-service orchestration/choreography. Most SOA folks also seem to have forgotten the original grounding in planning (except the OWL-S folks, perhaps, who use a reactive planning view
and process models, along with their ontologies), and the distributed AI work of Vic Lesser et al in the late 1980s.
Thanks,
Leo
From: ontolog-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:ontolog-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx]
On Behalf Of Simon Spero
Sent: Saturday, April 28, 2012 4:03 PM
To: [ontolog-forum]
Subject: Re: [ontolog-forum] Ontology of Commands
On Sat, Apr 28, 2012 at 1:03 PM, Obrst, Leo J. <lobrst@xxxxxxxxx> wrote:
Heh - Haven't heard that mentioned in a while;. I always had the impression that KQML sort-of fizzled out; I don't think anyone was working with it when I was at EIT 94-95.
I am notifying the subscribers of this list of a few sources that might be useful to them (there are several different topics that have come up on this thread by typing <<
The foundational work on speech acts is John Austin's "How to do things with words." (Austin 1962). John Searle aso wrote on the subject.
An important work on actions and events is Davidson's "Essays on Action and Events". (Davidson 1980). Good commentaries can be found in LePore, E. and McLaughlin, B. P. , eds. (1988).
The Davidsonian approach treats events as first class entities. We can represent the meaning of "Sebastian walked in Bologna at midnight" as a series of statements:
There is a Walking, Walk1.
A walker in Walk1 is Sebastian.
A location of Walk1 is Bologna.
A time of Walk1 is midnight.
An advantage of using this approach as compared to using predicates with an argument for each adverbial modifier of the walk is that the number of such modifiers, (and hence the number of predicates of different
arity) can be unbounded, and it is not clear how to generate the necessary entailments - for example, that someone walked in Bologna at midnight; that Sebastian walked in Bologna, etc.
Wordnet -
http://wordnet.princeton.edu/ - contains a hierarchy of verbs; however Wordnet is not not an ontology, and there are known issues in the hierarchy (see e.g. Richens 2008).
Cyc uses a Davidsonian model of events;
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words : the William James lectures delivered at Harvard University in 1955. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Davidson, D. (1980). Essays on actions and events. Clarendon Press ;, Oxford.
LePore, E. and McLaughlin, B. P. eds. (1988). Action and events : perspectives on the philosophy of Donald Davidson. B. Blackwell,, Oxford, UK ;New York, NY, USA.
Richens, T. (2008). Anomalies in the wordnet verb hierarchy. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computational Linguistics-Volume 1, pages 729–736. Association for Computational Linguistics. Available
at: http://aclweb.org/anthology-new/C/C08/C08-1092.pdf
>>
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