John F. Sowa wrote: (01)
> vQ> I take
> >
> > (that (rains))
> >
> > to be a proposition that it rains, without any indexicals,
> > that is, that it rains everywhere, at all times. Or how
> > should it be understood?
>
> That's your choice. The CLIF notation "(that (rains))" and
> the equivalent CGIF notation "[Proposition: (rains)]" provide
> means of "knowledge representation", but there is an enormous
> range of different theories of "knowledge" that might use
> those notations.
>
> To answer your question
>
> vQ> Or how should it be understood?
>
> You can interpret it the same way you would interpret any
> statement in any notation that translates into that form.
> The goal of IKL is to preserve the same insights (or errors)
> as the author expressed in the original notations. (02)
John, you're right, of course. I am aware that there is a distinction
between logic and ontology. I have already agreed with your (03)
> My recommendation is to replace the above statements with something
> along the following lines:
>
> 1. The IKL model theory defines an evaluation function Phi, which
> for any proposition p, determines a truth value Phi(p).
>
> 2. Inside a nested context, however, the proposition p could have
> a truth value that is different from the value Phi(p) that would
> be determined outside any nested context. (04)
as a reasonable way of explaining truth and truth-in-context of
propositions (to which Pat objected, by the way). (05)
I do not expect from IKL to tell me what 'rains', 'sleeps', or 'pat'
mean. However, I look at IKL from the perspective given by its
documentation; there, I find (06)
"For example, take the sentence (07)
(Dead Osama-Bin-Laden) (08)
In IKL, this asserts that Osama-Bin-Laden simply has a property, without
any qualification as to time or circumstances; and with the usual
meaning of Dead, this example IKL sentence is clearly false." (09)
Why is it clearly false? If it is, why would not '(rains)' or '(sleeps
pat)' be clearly false, with the usual meaning of 'rains' and 'sleeps'?
(What is the usual meaning of 'dead': is always dead, is sometimes
dead, just dead (?), or what?) (010)
vQ (011)
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