Through all the noise and clutter on Ontolog Forum, some of the
recent discussions have begun to converge on recommended methods
for sharing and integrating ontologies. As a result of a meeting
at the end of the Ontology Summit on March 16th and a telecon on
March 25th, a consensus was reached on starting a project for
which there is already a significant amount of resources, tools,
and methodology. The title of the project is (01)
Sharing and Integrating Ontologies (SIO) (02)
Following is my summary of the consensus: (03)
1. The semantics defined by ISO/IEC 24707 for Common Logic should
be the basis for the logics used to define ontologies. (04)
2. Widely used notations for ontology should be accommodated
as far as possible. Many of them, such as RDFS and OWL, can
be supported as CL dialects. Ontologies written in KIF should
be translated to CLIF. Some extensions to the CL semantics,
such IKL, may be required to support some ontologies. (05)
3. The theoretical foundations of some approaches discussed on
Ontolog Forum were considered compatible and complementary.
These include the lattice of theories presented by John Sowa,
the COLORE system presented by Michael Grüninger, and the
Bremen tool set presented by John Bateman. A combination
of these three approaches appears to be possible, and there
seemed to be no conflicts with the other approaches. (06)
4. The Toronto group led by Michael Grüninger and the Bremen
group led by John Bateman have made the most progress on
developing the resources and tools. Their approaches are
complementary, and they can each take advantage of work
contributed by the other. (07)
5. Other ontologies, methodologies, tools, and resources that
were presented or discussed at NIST and the telecon seem
to be compatible with these approaches. (08)
6. Further work should be continued to harmonize and extend
the theoretical work, to collaborate in developing the
tools and resources, and to apply them in building and
organizing the Open Ontology Repository (OOR). (09)
Following is an outline of the telecon on March 25th with
pointers to the web site and the slides for each presentation. (010)
John Sowa
______________________________________________________________ (011)
At a session following the Ontology Summit at NIST on March 16th,
I presented the following slides to summarize the issues: (012)
http://www.jfsowa.com/talks/sionto.pdf (013)
That session stimulated a lot of discussion, and Peter Yim scheduled
a telecon on March 25th for further discussion of related ideas.
Following is the web page for the telecon with copies of the slides
and a recording of the talks that had been presented: (014)
http://ontolog.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?ConferenceCall_2010_03_25 (015)
Peter started the discussion with five introductory slides on the
theme "Getting the SIO Project Going": (016)
http://ontolog.cim3.net/file/work/SIO/2010-03-25_Getting-SIO-Started/SIO-in-perspective--PeterYim_20100325.pdf (017)
Matthew West summarized the issues with the title "Why should we care?": (018)
http://ontolog.cim3.net/file/work/SIO/2010-03-25_Getting-SIO-Started/Shared-and-Integrated-Ontologies--MatthewWest_20100325.pdf (019)
Pat Cassidy discussed the goals of a foundation ontology, the search
for semantic primitives, and their role in promoting interoperability: (020)
http://ontolog.cim3.net/file/work/SIO/2010-03-25_Getting-SIO-Started/SIO-PIFO-COSMO-FO--PatCassidy_20100325.pdf (021)
Michael Grüninger presented four slides about COLORE for a COmmon LOgic
REpository: (022)
http://ontolog.cim3.net/file/work/SIO/2010-03-25_Getting-SIO-Started/colore-sio--MichaelGruninger_20100325.pdf (023)
Michael and his group have done a lot of work in gathering and
relating ontologies defined in Common Logic. For more detail see (024)
http://stl.mie.utoronto.ca/colore/ (025)
John Bateman and his group at Bremen put together a variety of free
and open source tools and integrated them with their methodology.
One of the most important is HeTS (Heterogeneous Tool System),
which can translate from one logic to another while preserving
the semantics: (026)
http://ontolog.cim3.net/file/work/SIO/2010-03-25_Getting-SIO-Started/Ontological-Modularity-for-Shared-and-Integrated-Ontologies--JohnBateman_20100325.ppt (027)
At the end, I ran through the slides I had presented at NIST and
commented on how they were related to the other presentations. (028)
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