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John
I conversed with Prof. Wigner many times as he was my Professor's colleague and used to come to Yale and we used to travel together up to Knoxville and I would continue to Huntsville during Apollo Program. Similar to your quality he was approachable and extremely humble, but behind that demeanor was a strength of steel?
- His Two Well Known contributions used Math (there might be others as well - he was chemical engineer who was very good at math and obviously physics where he received his Nobel Prize).
- The most profound use of Group Theory in Quantum Mechanics gives us understanding of quantum states of bound matter and provides understanding of strong interactions in bound nuclei different energy levels and orbits, spins in terms of representations, etc. This has limited non-linear applicability to real nuclei.
- The Second one is less involved and is known as Breit-Wigner Formula for Nuclear Reactions. This is like Newton's law but for many-bodied nuclei near each other.
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Now I want to comment on adequacy of mathematics: Yes when used in applicable range (e.g. linear, quadratic, etc.) it is elegant and explains physics very very well.
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But most of Nature, such as many-body problem, is either extremely non-linear, tightly coupled, subject to neural-like complex situations or such that relevant mathematics is yet to be identified, discovered, or applied and often we go to numeric or simulated solutions. Especially for Phenomena such as Curvatures near Black-holes or other singularities in Particle physics. Wilczek uses some of it in Particle Symmetry (Nobel Prize 2004).
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What is the connection to languages? Math is the most precise representation of language and stems from reasoning and this is the connection with Ontology. English as spoken today is poorer in ambiguity but since it is widely used in the world, it will be, thanks to NLP efforts, made less ambiguous similar to Microsoft operating systems being continuously improved mainly through user feedback and debugging.
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The richness of language and its brevity like math is derived from formulae (Sutras in Sanskrit and as Azamat mentioned Buddhist Logic - also derived from Sanskrit) but pre-supposes a lot of Context and Concept understanding. This is the fundamental requirement for different Ontologies to Interconnect, synchronize or inter-operate.
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I fully concur with your thoughts for Precision - it is for purpose, I am not sure if Tensor Calculus would not need to be modified for Kerr formalism for Black-holes and similarly there would be a large number of digits after decimals in the orbit required for precise landing on Jupitor's Moon.
Best Regards.
--
Thanks.
Ravi
(Dr. Ravi Sharma)
313 204 1740 Mobile
On Fri, Jun 12, 2009 at 3:48 AM, Azamat <abdoul@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
Hugh,
the response is interspersed.
On 11/06/2009 18:20, "Azamat" < abdoul@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: > Adrian, its really a funny service. > > I concur with John that monitoring "the number of words in the English
> Language" is an otiose and confusing job. For it is no more than a > statistical count of new meaning situations: "each word was analyzed to
AA: Yes, but only as the language expressions of real world situations.
That's distinction is critical. Human beings discover new real meanings or
create them themselves by acting, intelligently or unintelligently. Consider
the example of 1,000,001 word 'financial tsunami'. The world had this
disastrous event, the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Latter the world had have
got the 2007-200? global financial crisis, as a result of inventing the
senseless financial system,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932009. As i
mentioned, such newfound aspects of the world are labeled and registered as
language constructions: terms and words and phrases and compounds and
sentences, be it Persian, Russian, Chinese, English, or any formal
languages, mostly using the standard semantic techniques of meaning-change
processes: specialization and generalization, radiation, transference or
projection, degrading and upgrading, and tropes as hyperbole, figurative
extension, etc. Using a rhetorical figure of simile, one may construct a
figurative comparison: "the financial crisis is like a tsunami", thus
creating the new meaning (be it in the mind only) basing on the real
situations.
I believe there must be knowledge applications doing this automatically,
like the analogical reasoning machine produced by John Sowa's Company,
VivoMind Intelligence, http://www.vivomind.com/. Although, i don't know do
they distinguish metaphor and simile as two kinds of comparison.
HG: And given that URIs are meant to be language agnostic (even opaque), it
is
not clear to me how many of these "new" words would result in new URIs in a
Semantic Web sense.
AA: That's a justified and serious concern. For the existent URIs
specificationshardly meeting this situation, imho. We, in the company,
engaged in working out the ontological URIs with inherent semantics.
HG: And as the proportion of English as the language used on the web has
been
declining for many years, considering "meaning" as relating to English words
is perhaps a bit strange.
Once the Chinese and Spanish language communities start to generate more
URIs than they have hitherto, we may see an explosion in English phrases
trying to describe (and hence label), for example, Chinese idioms.
AA: Sure. It will be a big URIs mess, we will call it the Global
Identification Crisis, 2009-. That's why the global indentification system
stands in urgent need to be semanticized and ontologized, sorry for the
neologisms.
There is a thought-provoking, engaging article on this topic, very useful to
read, titled "in Defence of Ambiguity", even if i would put different
semantic assumptions for building a universal identification scheme,
http://www.igi-global.com/articles/details.asp?ID=8113.
Regards
Azamat
http://www.semanticwww.com
--
Thanks.
Ravi
(Dr. Ravi Sharma)
313 204 1740 Mobile
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