; Mon Mar 08 23:06:12 EST 2004 ; ;+ (version "1.8") ;+ (build "Build 1074") (defclass %3ACLIPS_TOP_LEVEL_SLOT_CLASS (is-a USER) (role concrete) (single-slot SumFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(SumFn @ROW) returns the total sum of all elements in the @ROW, each of which must be a real number. This is left as a mostly primitive concept left for implementation by the computer's arithmetic processes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot element_S ;+ (comment "\"(element ?ENTITY ?SET) is true just in case ?ENTITY is contained in the &%Set ?SET. An &%Entity can be an &%element of another &%Entity only if the latter is a &%Set.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Set) ;+ (subslot-of instance_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasUsage ;+ (comment "This relation records the usage for a synonymous word: one of a list of possibilities.") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values preferred deprecated technical slang) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot streetAddress_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%streetAddress ?STREET ?ADDRESS) means that the &%Roadway ?STREET is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of address_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot subset_S ;+ (comment "\"(subset ?SET1 ?SET2) is true just in case the &%elements of the &%Set ?SET1 are also &%elements of the &%Set ?SET2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Set) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of subclass_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot chiefOfState_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%chiefOfState ?POLITY ?ROLE ?PERSON) means that ?PERSON is the titular leader of the government of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY and represents it at official functions. The office held by this chief of state is ?ROLE (e.g., President, Queen, Chairman). Note: this term is defined as in the CIA World Fact Book.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot radius_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%radius ?CIRCLE ?LENGTH) means that the radius of the &%Circle ?CIRCLE has a length of ?LENGTH.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextPartition_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextPartition asserts that an AbstractFormattedText is composed of immediate subdivisions and every subtext of that text is one of those subdivisions or a part of one of those subdivisions. In most cases, those subdivisions will be composed of disjoint classes, but at this time that condition is not included in the definition. Note that this relation is required because a necessary assertion that a text is composed only of specific subtexts using the (necessarily Text hasaTextComponent (UnionFn . . .)) would preclude existence of any text subcomponents in that text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextComponentList) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ImmediateFamilyFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ImmediateFamilyFn ?PERSON) denotes the immediate family of ?PERSON, i.e. the &%Group consisting of the &%parents of ?PERSON and anyone of whom ?PERSON is a &%parent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FamilyGroup) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3Apartition3 ;+ (comment "A &%partition of a class C is a set of mutually &%disjoint classes (a subclass partition) which covers C. Every instance of C is an instance of exactly one of the subclasses in the partition.\n There may be more than one partition on a class. In SUMO there are a maximum of 2 partitions. This slot is created for the possible situation where a class may have three partitions.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ATHING) ;+ (subslot-of partition) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot enjoys_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%enjoys ?AGENT ?PROCESS) means that the &%CognitiveAgent ?AGENT tends to enjoy actions of type ?PROCESS, i.e. tends to enjoy being the &%agent or &%experiencer of such actions.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IntentionalProcess) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot grasps_S ;+ (comment "\"The state of grasping an &%Object. (&%grasps ?ANIMAL ?OBJ) means that the &%Animal ?ANIMAL is intentionally holding on to the &%Object ?OBJ.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of meetsSpatially_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GigaFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%GigaFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000,000 &%Hertz.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot WhenFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Object or &%Process to the exact &%TimeInterval during which it exists. Note that, for every &%TimePoint ?TIME outside of the &%TimeInterval (WhenFn ?THING), (time ?THING ?TIME) does not hold.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot CitizenryFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%CitizenryFn ?AREA) denotes the &%GroupOfPeople who are legal and permanent residents of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GroupOfPeople) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of ResidentFn_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot headOfGovernment_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%headOfGovernment ?POLITY ?ROLE ?PERSON) means that ?PERSON is the top administrative leader of the &%Government of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY, with authority for managing its day-to-day functions. The office held by this person is the &%Position ?ROLE (e.g., President, Prime Minister, Governor). Note: this term is defined as in the CIA World Fact Book.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot price_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%price ?Obj ?Money ?Agent) means that ?Agent pays the amount of money ?Money for ?Obj.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot unitNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%unitNumber ?UNIT ?ADDRESS) means that the &%StationaryArtifact ?UNIT is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of address_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SkinFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Hole to the skin of the &%Hole. The skin of a &%Hole is the fusion of those superficial parts (see &%superficialPart) of the &%Hole's principal host (see &%PrincipalHostFn) with which the &%Hole is externally connected.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isUsedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isUsedIn relates a useful thing - concrete or abstract to the Process in which it is used by some unspecified CognitiveAgent who uses it in that process. See related relation 'uses', specifying an object used by an Agent in an unspecified process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IntentionalProcess) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsThePosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(holdsThePosition ?PERS ?POS of ?ORG) means that ?PERS holds the position of ?POS in organization ?ORG, and there is only one person at a time that can hold that position. so (holdsInContext (holdsThePositionOf BillClinton President of UnitedStates) 1994-2000) means that in the time interval 1994 through 2000 BillClinton was the one who occupied the position of President of the United States. The 'of' term is logically superfluous, added only to make the relation easier to read. This relation is not defined for function terms other than 'of'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot greaterThan_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%greaterThan ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is true just in case the &%Quantity ?NUMBER1 is greater than the &%Quantity ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (inverse-slot lessThan_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasUniqueIdentifier_S ;+ (comment "\"hasUniqueIdentifier specifies the name of some entity which is unigue on some list of unique identifiers. The list must be specified, otherwise there is no guarantee that the same identifier is not also used to label some completely different entity. The IdentifierList is a UniqueList, i.e. the Identifier only occurs once as a term on that list. Each term \"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Identifier) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot candidateForPosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%candidateForPosition ?ELECTION ?POSITION ?CONTENDER) means that in the &%Election ?ELECTION for ?POSITION, the &%Agent ?CONTENDER was one of the candidates.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot CutSetFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that assigns a &%Graph the &%Class of &%GraphPaths that partition the graph into two separate graphs if cut. There may be more than one cutset for a given graph.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasMentalRepresentation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a Physical Entity and the MentalEntity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes MentalEntity) ;+ (inverse-slot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ExtensionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Attribute into the &%Class whose condition for membership is the &%Attribute.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot names_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%names ?STRING ?ENTITY) means that the thing ?ENTITY has the &%SymbolicString ?STRING as its name. Note that &%names and &%represents are the two immediate &%subrelations of &%refers. The predicate &%names is used when the referring item is merely a tag without connotative content, while the predicate &%represents is used for referring items that have such content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (inverse-slot hasName_S) ;+ (subslot-of refers_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot checkAccount_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%checkAccount ?Check ?Account) means that ?Account is the &%FinancialAccount from which the amount specifed on the check is paid.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FinancialAccount) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot average_S ;+ (comment "\"A partial function that relates a &%List to a &%RealNumber, provided that the &%List only has list elements that are &%RealNumbers. The &%RealNumber associated with the &%List is equal to the mathematical average of the &%RealNumbers in the &%List divided by the total number of list elements.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot governmentType_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%governmentType ?BODY ?FORM) means that the &%GeopoliticalArea or &%Organization ?BODY has a government with characteristic(s) of the type ?FORM.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FormOfGovernment) ;+ (subslot-of attribute_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot address_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%address ?AGENT ?ADDRESS) means that ?ADDRESS is an address or part of an address for the &%Agent ?AGENT. address relates an instance of a CognitiveAgent to the unique designation of a stationary artifact, location, or mail drop where that agent can be contacted. This address includes buildings, room numbers, streets, mail drop numbers, and post office boxes, but excludes telephone numbers and other addresses that are not stationary. This is not the most general type of address.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a MentalEntity and the Physical entity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (inverse-slot hasMentalRepresentation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SignumFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(SignumFn ?NUMBER) denotes the sign of ?NUMBER. This is one of the following values: -1, 1, or 0.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot KappaFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A class-forming operator that takes two arguments: a variable and a formula containing at least one unbound occurrence of the variable. The result of applying &%KappaFn to a variable and a formula is the &%SetOrClass of things that satisfy the formula. For example, we can denote the &%SetOrClass of prime numbers that are less than 100 with the following expression: (KappaFn ?NUMBER (and (instance ?NUMBER PrimeNumber) (lessThan ?NUMBER 100))). Note that the use of this function is discouraged, since there is currently no axiomatic support for it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot holds_S ;+ (comment "\"(holds P N1 ... NK) is true just in case the tuple of objects denoted by N1,..., NK is an element of the &%Relation P.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot successorAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%successorAttribute ?ATTR1 ?ATTR2) means that ?ATTR2 is the &%Attribute that comes immediately after ?ATTR1 on the scale that they share.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot uniqueIdentifier_S ;+ (comment "\"The class of &%names that uniquely identify an instance of &%Entity. Some examples of &%uniqueIdentifiers are the keys of tables in database applications and the ISBN (International Standard Book Number).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of names_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PerFn_S ;+ (comment "\"&%PerFn maps two instances of &%ConstantQuantity to the &%FunctionQuantity composed of these two instances. For example, (&%PerFn (&%MeasureFn 2 (&%MicroFn &%Gram)) (&%MeasureFn 1 (&%KiloFn &%Gram))) denotes the &%FunctionQuantity of 2 micrograms per kiogram. This function is useful, because it allows the knowledge engineer to dynamically generate instances of &%FunctionQuantity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FunctionQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AidenticalTo ;+ (comment ":identicalTo points to other concepts within the ontology that are intended to be the same as the base concept. This is a way to work around the Protege restriction that no frame can be an instanceof more than one class, and no Slot can also be an instance, and no instance can also be a class.") (type STRING) ;+ (associated-facet SKIFcore4_00393) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot greaterThanOrEqualTo_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%greaterThanOrEqualTo ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is true just in case the &%Quantity ?NUMBER1 is greater than the &%Quantity ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (inverse-slot lessThanOrEqualTo_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot capability_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%capability ?PROCESS ?ROLE ?OBJ) means that ?OBJ has the ability to play the role of ?ROLE in &%Processes of type ?PROCESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAssociatedSituation_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasAssociatedSituation ?Sit1 ?Sit2) asserts that ?Sit1 has ?Sit2 associated with it, either necessarily or pragmatically (i.e. probabilistically, e.g. one situation usually is followed by or simultaneously occurs with ?Sit2, whether causally or otherwise). Such associations are important to Agent in determining whether one action may be beneficial or harmful.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Situation) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (inverse-slot isReferencedBy_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AStartingBlock ;+ (comment "The block number fot the block ich starts this module - which should be the module definition block itself.") (type INTEGER) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot consistent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%consistent ?PROP1 ?PROP2) means that the two &%Propositions ?PROP1 and ?PROP2 are consistent with one another, i.e. it is possible for both of them to be true at the same time.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) ;+ (inverse-slot consistent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) ;+ (inverse-slot isaTextComponentOf_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PrincipalHostFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Hole to the &%Object which is its principal host. The principle host of a &%Hole is its maximally connected host (a notion taken here to be defined only when the argument is a hole).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot domainSubclass_S ;+ (comment "\"&%Predicate used to specify argument type restrictions of &%Predicates. The formula (&%domainSubclass ?REL ?INT ?CLASS) means that the ?INT'th element of each tuple in the relation ?REL must be a subclass of ?CLASS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot lessThanOrEqualTo_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%lessThanOrEqualTo ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is true just in case the &%Quantity ?NUMBER1 is less than or equal to the &%Quantity ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (inverse-slot greaterThanOrEqualTo_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AClassPredicates ;+ (comment ":ClassPredicates shows the list of predicates which are asserted on a class but do not have their own facet pane in the class display window. They are given as strings and do not directly point to the classes or instances whjich may be values of the predicate arguments.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot subsumingExternalConcept_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subsumingExternalConcept ?STRING ?THING ?LANGUAGE) means that the SUMO concept ?THING subsumes the meaning of ?STRING in ?LANGUAGE, i.e. the concept ?THING is broader in meaning than ?STRING.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ALanguage) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of relatedExternalConcept) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot sibling_S ;+ (comment "\"The relationship between two &%Organisms that have the same &%mother and &%father. Note that this relationship does not hold between half-brothers, half-sisters, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) ;+ (inverse-slot sibling_S) ;+ (subslot-of familyRelation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PastFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to the &%TimeInterval that meets it and that begins at &%NegativeInfinity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot EditionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a type of text (e.g. Agatha Christie's Murder_on_the_Orient_Express) and a number to the edition of the text type corresponding to the number.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents ContentBearingObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot graphPart_S ;+ (comment "\"A basic relation for &%Graphs and their parts. (&%graphPart ?PART ?GRAPH) means that ?PART is a &%GraphArc or &%GraphNode of the &%Graph ?GRAPH.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Graph) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot developmentalForm_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%developmentalForm ?OBJECT ?FORM) means that ?FORM is an earlier stage in the individual maturation of ?OBJECT. For example, tadpole and caterpillar are &%developmentalForms of frogs and butterflies, respectively.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DevelopmentalAttribute) ;+ (subslot-of attribute_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot interestEarned_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%interestEarned ?Account ?Interest ?Period) means that ?Interest is the amount earned on the &%FinancialAccount ?Account, for the &%TimeInterval ?Period.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot half_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%half ?HALF ?WHOLE) means that ?HALF is one half of ?WHOLE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of part_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot increasesLikelihood_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations. (&%increasesLikelihood ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that ?FORMULA2 is more likely to be true if ?FORMULA1 is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot LogFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(LogFn ?NUMBER ?INT) returns the logarithm of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER in the base denoted by the &%Integer ?INT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot earlier_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%earlier ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that the &%TimeInterval ?INTERVAL1 ends before the &%TimeInterval ?INTERVAL2 begins.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot causesSubclass_S ;+ (comment "\"The causation relation between subclasses of &%Process. (&%causesSubclass ?PROCESS1 ?PROCESS2) means that the subclass of &%Process ?PROCESS1 brings about the subclass of &%Process ?PROCESS2, e.g. (&%causes &%Killing &%Death).\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AinLanguage ;+ (comment "inLanguage relates a word -- a string of characters -- to the language in which it is a word.\nThe language may be natural or artificial -- e.g. the terms in an ontology are considered a language for this purpose.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AHumanLanguage) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TimeIntervalFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that takes two &%TimePoints as arguments and returns the &%TimeInterval defined by these two &%TimePoints. Note that the first &%TimePoint must occur earlier than the second &%TimePoint.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot temporalPart_S ;+ (comment "\"The temporal analogue of the spatial &%part predicate. (&%temporalPart ?POS1 ?POS2) means that &%TimePosition ?POS1 is part of &%TimePosition ?POS2. Note that since &%temporalPart is a &%ReflexiveRelation every &%TimePostion is a &%temporalPart of itself.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot connectsEngineeringComponents_S ;+ (comment "\"&%connectsEngineeringComponents is a &%TernaryPredicate that maps from an &%EngineeringConnection to the &%EngineeringComponents it connects. Since &%EngineeringComponents cannot be connected to themselves and there cannot be an &%EngineeringConnection without a &%connectedEngineeringComponents &%Predicate, the second and third arguments of any &%connectsEngineeringComponents relationship will always be distinct for any given first argument.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EngineeringComponent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of connects_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot penetrates_S ;+ (comment "\"(penetrates ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is &%connected to ?OBJ2 along at least one whole dimension (length, width or depth).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of traverses_S meetsSpatially_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot husband_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%husband ?MAN ?WOMAN) means that ?MAN is the husband of ?WOMAN.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Woman) ;+ (inverse-slot wife_S) ;+ (subslot-of spouse_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot relatedExternalConcept ;+ (comment "\"Used to signify a three-place relation between a concept in an external knowledge source, a concept in the SUMO, and the name of the other knowledge source.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ALanguage) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot not_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of negation. This relation definition was modified by P. Cassidy November 2003 to specify that 'not' is an instance of UnaryRelation\"") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PeriodicalIssueFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a subclass of &%Periodical and a number to all of the issues of the &%Periodical corresponding to the number.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Periodical) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot economyType_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%economyType ?POLITY ?TYPE) means that the &%GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY has an economic system of &%TYPE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EconomicAttribute) ;+ (subslot-of attribute_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot temporallyBetweenOrEqual_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%temporallyBetweenOrEqual ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?POINT3) means that the &%TimePoint ?POINT1 is before or equal to the &%TimePoint ?POINT2 and ?POINT2 is before or equal to the &%TimePoint ?POINT3.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot immediateSubclass_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%SetOrClass ?CLASS1 is an &%immediateSubclass of another &%SetOrClass ?CLASS2 just in case ?CLASS1 is a subclass of ?CLASS2 and there is no other subclass of ?CLASS2 such that ?CLASS1 is also a subclass of it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of subclass_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MultiplicationFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%MultiplicationFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical product of these numbers.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partiallyFills_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%partiallyFills ?OBJ ?HOLE) means that ?OBJ &%completelyFills some part of ?HOLE. Note that if (&%partiallyFills ?OBJ1 ?HOLE) and (&%part ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2), then (&%partiallyFills ?OBJ2 ?HOLE). Note too that a partial filler need not be wholly inside a hole (it may stick out), which means that every complete filler also qualifies as (is a limit case of) a partial one.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Hole) ;+ (subslot-of located_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot LeastCommonMultipleFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%LeastCommonMultipleFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2 ... ?NUMBER) returns the least common multiple of ?NUMBER1 through ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot orientation_S ;+ (comment "\"A general &%Predicate for indicating how two &%Objects are oriented with respect to one another. For example, (orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 North) means that ?OBJ1 is north of ?OBJ2, and (orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 Vertical) means that ?OBJ1 is positioned vertically with respect to ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositionalAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisaSubrelationOf ;+ (comment ":isaSubrelationOf points from a slot to the parent relation, if any.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-SLOT) ;+ (associated-facet SKIFcore_00426) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot financialAsset_S ;+ (comment "\"A predicate that relates an &%Agent to any item of economic value owned by the &%Agent. Examples of financial assets are cash, securities, accounts receivable, inventory, office equipment, a house, a car, and other property.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of possesses_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot irreflexiveOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation is irreflexive on a &%SetOrClass only if no instance of the &%SetOrClass bears the relation to itself.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot origin_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%origin ?PROCESS ?SOURCE) means that ?SOURCE indicates where the ?Process began. Note that this relation implies that ?SOURCE is present at the beginning of the process, but need not participate throughout the process. For example, the submarine is the &%origin in the following proposition: the missile was launched from a submarine.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot CeilingFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%CeilingFn ?NUMBER) returns the smallest &%Integer greater than or equal to the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot prefers_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%prefers ?AGENT ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that &%CognitiveAgent ?AGENT prefers the state of affairs expressed by ?FORMULA1 over the state of affairs expressed by ?FORMULA2 all things being equal.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot voteFractionReceived_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%voteFractionReceived ?ELECTION ?POSITION ?CONTENDER ?FRACTION) means that in the &%Election ?ELECTION for ?POSITION, the &%Agent ?CONTENDER received ?FRACTION of the votes cast. Contenders may be either persons or political parties.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PremisesFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%PremisesFn ?ARGUMENT) returns the complete set of &%premises of the &%Argument ?ARGUMENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ASUO-name ;+ (comment "The :SUO-name is the name of an instance that is used for display. This is an important element of the ontology as it permits the assignment of instances to multiple classes, a tactic forbidden by the Protege program, which requires that all frame names be unique.\n Thus, if an instance of any concept has a :SUO-name, that name is the one that will appear in \"instance\" propositions that are exported to a KIF data file.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet KIFcore2_00373) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasSkill_S ;+ (comment "\"Similar to the &%capability &%Predicate with the additional restriction that the ability be practised/ demonstrated to some measurable degree.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TeraFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%TeraFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000,000,000 &%Hertz.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot disjointRelation ;+ (comment "\"This predicate relates any number of &%Relations. (&%disjointRelation @ROW) means that any two relations in @ROW have no tuples in common. As a consequence, the intersection of all of the relations in @ROW is the null set.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-SLOT) ;+ (associated-facet SKIFcore4_00381) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot disjoint ;+ (comment "\"&%Classes are &%disjoint only if they share no instances, i.e. just in case the result of applying &%IntersectionFn to them is empty.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ASetOrClass) ;+ (inverse-slot disjoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot capitalCity_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%capitalCity ?CITY ?REGION) means that the &%City ?CITY is the capital of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?REGION.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) ;+ (subslot-of administrativeCenter_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subPlan_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subPlan ?PLAN1 ?PLAN2) means that ?PLAN1 is a &%Plan which is a proper part of ?PLAN2. This relation is generally used to relate a supporting &%Plan to the overall &%Plan in a particular context.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Plan) ;+ (subslot-of subProposition_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subsumesContentInstance_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate relating two instances of &%ContentBearingObject. (&%subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the content expressed by ?OBJ2 is part of the content expressed by ?OBJ1. An example is the relationship between a handwritten poem and one of its stanzas. Note that this is a relation between instances, rather than &%Classes. If one wants to assert a content relationship between &%Classes, e.g. between the version of an intellectual work and a part of that work, the relation &%subsumesContentClass should be used.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot maximumCardinality_S ;+ (comment "\"(maximumCardinality ?REL ?NUMBER) means that, for any given assignment of a first argument to ?REL, there will be at most ?NUMBER assignments to the second argument of ?REL.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeInteger) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot desires_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%desires ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT wants to bring about the state of affairs expressed by ?FORMULA. Note that there is no implication that what is desired by the agent is not already true. Note too that &%desires is distinguished from &%wants only in that the former is a &%PropositionalAttitude, while &%wants is an &%ObjectAttitude.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot principalAmount_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%principalAmount ?ACCOUNT ?BALANCE) means that ?BALANCE is the amount originally borrowed (excluding interest).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot meetsTemporally_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%meetsTemporally ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that the terminal point of the &%TimeInterval ?INTERVAL1 is the initial point of the &%TimeInterval ?INTERVAL2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isBadForAgent_S ;+ (comment "\"isBadForAgent relates a situation (state, event, process) that may be undesirable or harmful to some agent to that agent to whom it is a negative thing. This relation assumes that everything that can be labeled 'bad' or 'good has that quality in respect to some Agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SecondFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Minutes to the &%Seconds within each &%Minute corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%SecondFn 4 (&%MinuteFn 5 &%Hour)) is the &%Class of all fourth &%Seconds of every fifth &%Minute of every hour. For another example, (&%SecondFn 8 &%Minute) would return the eighth second of every minute. For still another example, (&%SecondFn 9 (&%MinuteFn 15 (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912)))))) denotes 9 seconds and 15 minutes after 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Second) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MereologicalProductFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MereologicalProductFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to both ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subCollection_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subCollection ?COLL1 ?COLL2) means that the &%Collection ?COLL1 is a proper part of the &%Collection ?COLL2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Collection) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ExponentiationFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ExponentiationFn ?NUMBER ?INT) returns the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER raised to the power of the &%Integer ?INT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot sideOfFigure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%sideOfFigure ?SIDE ?FIGURE) means that the &%OneDimensionalFigure ?POINT is a side of the &%GeometricFigure ?FIGURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricFigure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of geometricPart_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RemainderFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(RemainderFn ?NUMBER ?DIVISOR) is the remainder of the number ?NUMBER divided by the number ?DIVISOR. The result has the same sign as ?DIVISOR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot geopoliticalSubdivision_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%geopoliticalSubdivision ?AREA1 ?AREA2) means that ?AREA1 is any geopolitical part of ?AREA2; that is, ?AREA1 is an integral &%geographicSubregion of ?AREA2 (not a &%DependencyOrSpecialSovereigntyArea), having its own associated &%GovernmentOrganization which is subordinated to or constrained by the government of ?AREA2. Cf. &%dependentGeopoliticalArea.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) ;+ (subslot-of geographicSubregion_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AAXIOMS ;+ (comment "Axioms from SUMO or other sources, constraining the meaning of the slot.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv014_00277) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot considers_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%considers ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT considers or wonders about the truth of the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AInstanceAssertions ;+ (comment "assertions at the instance level that reference this instance.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AAssertion) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partlyLocated_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%partlyLocated ?THING ?OBJ) means that the instance of &%Physical ?THING is at least partially located at ?OBJ. For example, Istanbul is partly located in Asia and partly located in Europe. Note that &%partlyLocated is the most basic localization relation: &%located is an immediate &%subrelation of &%partlyLocated and &%exactlyLocated is an immediate &%subrelation of &%located.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot lineMeasure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%lineMeasure ?LINE ?MEASURE) means that the straight line ?LINE has the &%LengthMeasure of ?MEASURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isMaintainedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isMaintainedBy is used to assert that a particular instance of an entity can be modified in some way, and specifies the agent who has the authority or responsibility to do the modifying. In this relation, the method of modifying is unspecified. The entity maintained can be physical, such as a building maintained by its owner or manager, or an AbstractCode, maintained by a StandardsAuthority. In the general case, there may be more than one maintaining agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot amountDue_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%amountDue ?ACCOUNT ?AMOUNT ?DATE) means ?DATE is the date on which the amount of Money ?AMOUNT of a particular ?ACCOUNT is due and payable\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot stockOf_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%stockOf ?Stock ?Corporation) means that ?Stock is issued by the &%Corporation ?Corporation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Corporation) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot patientMedical_S ;+ (comment "\"The relation of receiving medical care from a recognized medical practitioner. (&%patientMedical ?PATIENT ?DOCTOR) means that ?PATIENT is the patient of ?DOCTOR. Note that argument type restriction on the second argument is &%CognitiveAgent to allow for cases where someone is the patient of an &%Organization, viz. a &%CareOrganization.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partition ;+ (comment "\"A &%partition of a class C is a set of mutually &%disjoint classes (a subclass partition) which covers C. Every instance of C is an instance of exactly one of the subclasses in the partition.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ATHING) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot uses_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%uses ?OBJECT AGENT) means that ?OBJECT is used by ?AGENT as an instrument in an unspecified &%Process. This &%Predicate, as its corresponding axiom indicates, is a composition of the &%CaseRoles &%agent and &%instrument.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot experiencer_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%experiencer ?PROCESS ?AGENT) means that ?AGENT experiences the &%Process ?PROCESS. For example, Yojo is the &%experiencer of seeing in the following proposition: Yojo sees the fish. Note that &%experiencer, unlike &%agent, does not entail a causal relation between its arguments.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot LastFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%LastFn ?LIST) returns the last item in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%LastFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value of &%Wednesday.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot spouse_S ;+ (comment "\"The relationship of marriage between two &%Humans.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (inverse-slot spouse_S) ;+ (subslot-of legalRelation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot rangeSubclass_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%rangeSubclass ?FUNCTION ?CLASS) means that all of the values assigned by ?FUNCTION are &%subclasses of ?CLASS.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot tangent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%tangent ?LINE ?CIRCLE) means that the straight line ?LINE is tangent to the &%Circle ?CIRCLE, i.e. ?LINE touches ?CIRCLE without intersecting it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Circle) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot reflexiveOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation is reflexive on a &%SetOrClass only if every instance of the &%SetOrClass bears the relation to itself.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subsumesContentClass_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that relates two subclasses of &%ContentBearingObject. (&%subsumesContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that the content expressed by each instance of ?CLASS2 is also expressed by each instance of ?CLASS1. Examples include the relationship between a poem and one of its stanzas or between a book and one of its chapters. Note that this is a relation between subclasses of &%ContentBearingObject, rather than instances. If one wants to relate instances, the &%Predicate &%subsumesContentInstance can be used. Note that &%subsumesContentClass is needed in many cases. Consider, for example, the relation between the King James edition of the Bible and its Book of Genesis. This relation holds for every copy of this edition and not just for a single instance.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PowerSetFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%PowerSetFn ?CLASS) maps the &%SetOrClass ?CLASS to the &%SetOrClass of all &%subclasses of ?CLASS.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot doubts_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%doubts ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT is unsure about the truth of ?FORMULA, in particular ?AGENT does not believe that ?FORMULA is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ComplementFn_S ;+ (comment "\"The complement of a given &%SetOrClass C is the &%SetOrClass of all things that are not instances of C. In other words, an object is an instance of the complement of a &%SetOrClass C just in case it is not an instance of C.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot version_S ;+ (comment "\"Some &%Artifacts have a life cycle with discrete stages or versions. (&%version ARTIFACT1 ARTIFACT2) means that ARTIFACT1 is a version of ARTIFACT2. Note that this &%Predicate relates subclasses of &%Artifact and not instances.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Artifact) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SineFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%SineFn ?DEGREE) is the sine of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The sine of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side opposite ?DEGREE to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot realization_S ;+ (comment "\"A subrelation of &%represents. (&%realization ?PROCESS ?PROP) means that ?PROCESS is a Process which expresses the content of ?PROP. Examples include a particular musical performance, which realizes the content of a musical score, or the reading of a poem.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) ;+ (subslot-of represents_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot IntersectionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two %SetOrClasses to the intersection of these &%SetOrClasses. An object is an instance of the intersection of two &%SetOrClasses just in case it is an instance of both of those &%SetOrClasses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasIntendedAudience_S ;+ (comment "\"hasIntendedAudience relates a Communication, which is an abstract Proposition, to the audience to whom the author of the Communication has directed it. This is not necessarily identical to the group of agents that read or experience the communication. The intended audiences of subclasses of Communication may be more restricted. See class 'Message'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AgentGroup) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot before_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%before ?POINT1 ?POINT2) means that ?POINT1 precedes ?POINT2 on the universal timeline.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) ;+ (subslot-of beforeOrEqual_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PerCapitaFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%PerCapitaFn ?AREA ?QUANTITY) denotes the average amount of ?QUANTITY possessed by a resident of &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot LegislatureFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%LegislatureFn ?AREA) denotes the legislative branch of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LegislativeOrganization) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inList_S ;+ (comment "\"The analog of &%element and &%instance for &%Lists. (&%inList ?OBJ ?LIST) means that ?OBJ is in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%inList &%Tuesday (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would be true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MinuteFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Hours to the &%Minutes within each &%Hour corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%MinuteFn 30 (&%HourFn 17 &%Day)) is the &%Class of all 5:30's in the afternoon. For another example, (&%MinuteFn 15 &%Hour) would return the class of all instances of quarter past the hour. For still another example, (&%MinuteFn 15 (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912))))) denotes 15 minutes after 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Minute) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot teacher_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%teacher ?AGENT ?ORG) means that ?AGENT is a teacher at the &%EducationalOrganization ?ORG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of member_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SubtractionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%SubtractionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical difference between ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2, i.e. ?NUMBER1 minus ?NUMBER2. An exception occurs when ?NUMBER1 is equal to 0, in which case (&%SubtractionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the negation of ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot domain_S ;+ (comment "\"Provides a computationally and heuristically convenient mechanism for declaring the argument types of a given relation. The formula (&%domain ?REL ?INT ?CLASS) means that the ?INT'th element of each tuple in the relation ?REL must be an instance of ?CLASS. Specifying argument types is very helpful in maintaining ontologies. Representation systems can use these specifications to classify terms and check integrity constraints. If the restriction on the argument type of a &%Relation is not captured by a &%SetOrClass already defined in the ontology, one can specify a &%SetOrClass compositionally with the functions &%UnionFn, &%IntersectionFn, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot diameter_S ;+ (comment "\"&%BinaryPredicate that is used to state the measure of a circular &%Object from side to side. (&%diameter ?CIRCLE ?LENGTH) means that the diameter of the &%Circle ?CIRCLE has a length of ?LENGTH.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot valence_S ;+ (comment "\"Specifies the number of arguments that a relation can take. If a relation does not have a fixed number of arguments, it does not have a valence and it is an instance of &%VariableArityRelation. For example, &%holds is a &%VariableArityRelation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot EndFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimeInterval to the &%TimePoint at which the interval ends.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot direction_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%direction ?PROC ?ATTR) means that the &%Process ?PROC is moving in the direction ?ATTR. For example, one would use this &%Predicate to represent the fact that Max is moving &%North.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DirectionalAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot containsInformation_S ;+ (comment "\"A subrelation of &%represents. This predicate relates a &%ContentBearingObject to the &%Proposition that is` expressed by the &%ContentBearingObject. Examples include the relationships between a physical novel and its story and between a printed score and its musical content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) ;+ (inverse-slot isTheInformationContainedIn_S) ;+ (subslot-of represents_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RecurrentTimeIntervalFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A function that is useful for generating recurring time intervals. For example, (&%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn (&%HourFn 6 &%Day) (&%HourFn 12 &%Day)) returns the &%Class of &%TimeIntervals beginning at 6 in the morning and ending at 12 noon. For another example, (&%RecurrentTimeInterval &%Saturday &%Sunday) returns the &%Class of all weekends. For still another example,(&%RecurrentTimeInterval &%June &%August) returns the &%Class containing the academic summer period.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents RecurrentTimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasInternetLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasInternetLocation specifies the internet location (usually a URI), if one exists, of a computer file. Not every computer file will have an InternetLocation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes InternetLocation) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot faces_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%faces ?OBJ ?DIRECTION) means that the front of ?OBJ (see &%FrontFn) is positioned towards the compass direction ?DIRECTION. More precisely, it means that if a line were extended from the center of ?DIRECTION, the line would intersect with the front of ?OBJ before it intersected with its back (see &%BackFn).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DirectionalAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DenominatorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%DenominatorFn ?NUMBER) returns the denominator of the canonical reduced form of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot needs_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%needs ?AGENT ?OBJECT) means that ?OBJECT is physically required for the continued existence of ?AGENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot brother_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of being a brother. (&%brother ?MAN ?PERSON) means that ?MAN is the brother of ?PERSON.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (subslot-of sibling_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot bottom_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%bottom ?BOTTOM ?OBJECT) holds if ?BOTTOM is the lowest or deepest maximal superficial part of ?OBJECT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of superficialPart_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot confersRight_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses the relationship between a &%Formula, an &%Entity, and a &%CognitiveAgent when the &%Entity authorizes the &%CognitiveAgent to bring it about that the &%Formula is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot occupiesPosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%occupiesPosition ?PERSON ?POSITION ?ORG) means that ?PERSON holds the &%Position ?POSITION at &%Organization ?ORG. For example, (&%occupiesPosition &%TomSmith &%ResearchDirector &%AcmeLaboratory) means that &%TomSmith is a research director at Acme Labs.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isaModalAttributeOf_S ;+ (comment "\"The inverse of hasModalAttribute - it relates a NormativeAttribute to a proposition that it applies to.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Assertion) ;+ (inverse-slot hasModalAttribute_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3D%3E_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of implication.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasFrequency ;+ (comment "The frequency is the fraction of the time that this term refers to the labeled concept. The sum of frequencies onthis list may exceed 1.0, because this is not the freuency with which this concepot is labeled by this term, but the inverse.") (type FLOAT) (range 0.0 1.0) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot electionForPosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%electionForPosition ?ELECTION ?POSITION) means that in the &%Election ?ELECTION, candidates run for election to the role(s) ?POSITION.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SocialRole) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain1Type ;+ (comment "Specifies whether the first domain argument is an instance of the specified class or a subclass.\n In SUMO, this signals whether the proposition describing the domains of the relation use the relation name \"domain\" or \"domainSubclass\".") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Instance Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv018_00290) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasPostalCode_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPostalCode is not exactly the inverse of relation postalCode because the code value is a string, not an integer.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PostOfficeCode) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subOrganization_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subOrganization ?ORG1 ?ORG2) means that ?ORG1 is an &%Organization which is a proper part of the &%Organization ?ORG2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) ;+ (subslot-of subCollection_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot refers_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%refers ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 mentions or includes a reference to ?OBJ2. Note that &%refers is more general in meaning than &%represents, because presumably something can represent something else only if it refers to this other thing. For example, an article whose topic is a recent change in the price of oil may refer to many other things, e.g. the general state of the economy, the weather in California, the prospect of global warming, the options for alternative energy sources, the stock prices of various oil companies, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot width_S ;+ (comment "\"&%BinaryPredicate that is used to state the measure of an &%Object from side to side at its widest span.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of length_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot AdditionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%AdditionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical sum of these numbers.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot distributes_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction ?FUNCTION1 is distributive over another &%BinaryFunction ?FUNCTION2 just in case (?FUNCTION1 ?INST1 (?FUNCTION2 ?INST2 ?INST3)) is equal to (?FUNCTION2 (?FUNCTION1 ?INST1 ?INST2) (?FUNCTION1 ?INST1 ?INST3)), for all ?INST1, ?INST2, and ?INST3.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes BinaryFunction) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot currencyType_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%currencyType ?AREA ?UNIT) means that the official currency used in the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA is the &%UnitOfMeasure ?UNIT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subGraph_S ;+ (comment "\"The relation between two &%Graphs when one &%Graph is a part of the other. (&%subGraph ?GRAPH1 ?GRAPH2) means that ?GRAPH1 is a part of ?GRAPH2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Graph) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MereologicalDifferenceFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MereologicalDifferenceFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to ?OBJ1 and not to ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GovernmentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%GovernmentFn ?AREA) denotes the &%Government of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA. For example, (&%GovernmentFn &%UnitedStates) denotes the Federal-level government of the United States; (&%GovernmentFn &%PuertoRico) denotes the government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Government) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasPropositionalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPropositionalContent is the relation between an AbstractText and the Proposition it represents.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextualProposition) ;+ (inverse-slot hasTextualExpression_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot father_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of fatherhood. (&%father ?CHILD ?FATHER) means that ?FATHER is the biological father of ?CHILD.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of parent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot StreetAddressFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%StreetAddressFn ?BUILDING ?ROAD ?CITY ?COUNTRY) returns the &%Agent, e.g. a family, an organization, a person, etc. that resides or conducts business at the corresponding &%address.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot cityAddress_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%cityAddress ?CITY ?ADDRESS) means that the &%City ?CITY is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of address_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Location) ;+ (inverse-slot isaLocationOf_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MeasureFn_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%BinaryFunction maps a &%RealNumber and a &%UnitOfMeasure to that &%Number of units. It is used for expressing &%ConstantQuantities. For example, the concept of three meters is represented as (&%MeasureFn 3 &%Meter).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ConstantQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot larger_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%larger ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) simply means that ?OBJ1 is larger, with respect to all &%LengthMeasures, than ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (inverse-slot smaller_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot totalOrderingOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation ?REL is a total ordering on a &%SetOrClass only if it is a partial ordering for which either (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) or (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1) for every ?INST1 and ?INST2 in the &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot currentAccountBalance_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%currentAccountBalance ?Account ?Date ?Amount) means that ?Amount is the balance of the &%FinancialAccount ?Account as of the date ?Date.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot pointOfFigure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%pointOfFigure ?POINT ?FIGURE) means that the &%GeometricPoint ?POINT is part of the &%GeometricFigure ?FIGURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricFigure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of geometricPart_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot interiorPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%interiorPart ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is part ?OBJ2 and there is no overlap between ?OBJ1 and any &%superficialPart ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of part_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot couponInterest_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%couponInterest ?BOND ?INTEREST) means that ?INTEREST is the periodic interest payment made to bondholders during the life of the ?BOND.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot properPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%properPart ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is a part of ?OBJ2 other than ?OBJ2 itself. This is a &%TransitiveRelation and &%AsymmetricRelation (hence an &%IrreflexiveRelation).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of part_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot material_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%material ?SUBSTANCE ?OBJECT) means that ?OBJECT is structurally made up in part of ?SUBSTANCE. This relation encompasses the concepts of 'composed of', 'made of', and 'formed of'. For example, plastic is a &%material of my computer monitor. Compare &%part and its subrelations, viz &%component and &%piece.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CorpuscularObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot IntegerSquareRootFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%IntegerSquareRootFn ?NUMBER) returns the integer square root of ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain4Class ;+ (comment "The class of the fifth argument") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv018t_00302) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot InitialNodeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphArc to the initial node of the &%GraphArc. Note that this is a partial function. In particular, the function is undefined for &%GraphArcs that are not part of a &%DirectedGraph.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphNode) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot agreementMember_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%agreementMember ?Agreement ?Agent) means that ?Agent is one of the participants of the &%Contract ?Agreement.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TemporalCompositionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"The basic &%Function for expressing the composition of larger &%TimeIntervals out of smaller &%TimeIntervals. For example, if &%ThisSeptember is an &%instance of &%September, (&%TemporalCompositionFn &%ThisSeptember &%Day) denotes the &%Class of consecutive days that make up &%ThisSeptember. Note that one can obtain the number of instances of this &%Class by using the function &%CardinalityFn.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot conformsToSpecification_S ;+ (comment "\"conformsToSpecification relates a specific abstract text of a specification to the general scheme that describes how to create a specification of that type.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes StandardSpecificationSchemeDocument) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasPurposeForAgent_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses a cognitive attitude of an agent with respect to a particular instance of Physical. More precisely, (&%hasPurposeForAgent ?THING ?FORMULA ?AGENT) means that the purpose of ?THING for ?AGENT is the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA. Very complex issues are involved here. In particular, the rules of inference of the first order predicate calculus are not truth-preserving for the second argument position of this &%Predicate.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ProbabilityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations, &%ProbabilityFn is used to state the a priori probability of a state of affairs. (&%ProbabilityFn ?FORMULA) denotes the a priori probability of ?FORMULA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot equivalentContentClass_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that relates two subclasses of &%ContentBearingObject. (&%equivalentContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that the content expressed by each instance of ?CLASS1 is also expressed by each instance of ?CLASS2, and vice versa. An example would be the relationship between English and Russian editions of Agatha Christie's 'Murder on the Orient Express'. Note that (&%equivalentContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) implies (&%subsumesContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) and (&%subsumesContentClass ?CLASS2 ?CLASS1).\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents ContentBearingObject) ;+ (inverse-slot equivalentContentClass_S) ;+ (subslot-of subsumesContentClass_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DivisionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%DivisionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the result of dividing ?NUMBER1 by ?NUMBER2. An exception occurs when ?NUMBER1 = 1, in which case (&%DivisionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the reciprocal of ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot sister_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of being a sister. (&%sister ?WOMAN ?PERSON) means that ?WOMAN is the sister of ?PERSON.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (subslot-of sibling_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot ancestor_S ;+ (comment "\"The transitive closure of the &%parent predicate. (&%ancestor ?DESCENDANT ?ANCESTOR) means that ?ANCESTOR is either the &%parent of ?DESCENDANT or the &%parent of the &%parent of &%DESCENDANT or etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) ;+ (subslot-of familyRelation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain3Value ;+ (comment "The instance value for the fourth argument of a higher-arity slot.\nIt is an instance of :Domain3Class") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet SUMO152_00102) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) ;+ (inverse-slot hasAbstractContent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv018t_00322) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AargumentList ;+ (comment "The :argumentList is the list of top-level arguments (not breaking parenthesized arguments such as functions into their components)\n") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot monetaryWage_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%monetaryWage ?ORG ?PERSON ?TIME ?MONEY) means that the &%Organization employs ?PERSON and pays him/her the amount of money ?MONEY per &%TimeDuration ?TIME.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot contestParticipant_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%contestParticipant ?CONTEST ?AGENT) means that ?AGENT is one of the sides in the &%Contest ?CONTEST. For example, if the ?CONTEST is a football game, then ?AGENT would be one of the opposing teams. For another example, if ?CONTEST is a &%Battle, then ?AGENT would be one of the sides fighting each other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of agent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot date_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that specifies a &%TimePosition in absolute calendar time, at the resolution of one day, for a particular &%Object or &%Process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Day) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of time_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot equivalentContentInstance_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate relating two instances of &%ContentBearingObject. (&%equivalentContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the content expressed by ?OBJ1 is identical to the content expressed by ?OBJ2. An example would be the relationship between a handwritten draft of a letter to one's lawyer and a typed copy of the same letter. Note that (&%equivalentContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) implies (&%subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) and (&%subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ2 ?OBJ2).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) ;+ (inverse-slot equivalentContentInstance_S) ;+ (subslot-of subsumesContentInstance_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAbstractName_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractName relates an instance of an entity to an abstract string of linguistic characters used to reference the entity in linguistic communication. This is closely related to hasName, the value of which is a SymbolicString (a physical object) as domain 2. This is not the inverse of the SUMO relation 'names', since the SUMO relation has a physical object as domain 1. The hasAbstractName relation is not a necessary relation since not every entity is named by a AbstractString and not every AbstractString is the label for an entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString) ;+ (inverse-slot isaNameOf_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot medicalPatient_S ;+ (comment "\"medicalPatient points from a person to a CareOrganization which is administering medical care to that person. This relation is implied in the axiom below CareOrganization, but was not defined in SUM 1.55 - PJC 3-05-04.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CareOrganization) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subList_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subList ?LIST1 ?LIST2) means that ?LIST1 is a sublist of ?LIST2, i.e. every element of ?LIST1 is an element of ?LIST2 and the elements that are common to both &%Lists have the same order in both &%Lists.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot arcWeight_S ;+ (comment "\"This predicate indicates the value of a &%GraphArc in a &%Graph. This could map to the length of a road in a road network or the flow rate of a pipe in a plumbing system.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot representsInLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general predicate. (&%representsInLanguage ?THING ?ENTITY ?LANGUAGE) means that the &%LinguisticExpression ?THING stands for ?ENTITY in the &%Language ?LANGUAGE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Language) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot entails_S ;+ (comment "\"The operator of logical entailment. (&%entails ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that ?FORMULA2 can be derived from ?FORMULA1 by means of the proof theory of SUO-KIF.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot AbstractionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Class into the instance of &%Attribute that specifies the condition(s) for membership in the &%Class.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot exhaustiveAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"This predicate relates a &%Class to a set of &%Attributes, and it means that the elements of this set exhaust the instances of the &%Class. For example, (&%exhaustiveAttribute &%PhysicalState &%Solid &%Liquid &%Gas) means that there are only three instances of the class &%PhysicalState, viz. &%Solid, &%Liquid, and &%Gas.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isTheInformationalContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isTheInformationalContentOf is the relation between a Proposition and the MentalEntity it corresponds to. The entity can be abstract or concrete.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes MentalEntity) ;+ (inverse-slot hasInformationalContent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DocumentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%DocumentFn ?PROP) denotes the class of &%ContentBearingObjects that contain the information ?PROP.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot during_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%during ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that ?INTERVAL1 starts after and ends before ?INTERVAL2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (subslot-of temporalPart_S overlapsTemporally_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot path_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%path ?MOTION ?PATH) means that ?PATH is a route along which ?MOTION occurs. For example, Highway 101 is the path in the following proposition: the car drove up Highway 101.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot cooccur_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%cooccur ?THING1 ?THING2) means that the &%Object or &%Process ?THING1 occurs at the same time as, together with, or jointly with the &%Object or &%Process ?THING2. This covers the following temporal relations: is co-incident with, is concurrent with, is contemporaneous with, and is concomitant with.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (inverse-slot cooccur_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasDefaultValue ;+ (comment "\"(:hasDefaultValue ?REL ?CLASS ?VAL) is used to specify that, for every instance of a particular class, the value of the relation ?REL for every instance of class ?CLASS is ?VAL, unless it is overridden by an explicit assignment of the value. In Protege, such overrides can be accomplished by simply changing the value of the instance. For the SKIF files, we need an explicit override relation so that the condition for using the default can be described logically rather than programmatically. The override can be accomplished by using :hasDefaultValue with the subclass as argument, or, if one wants an override that cannot itself be overridden, the relation used is ':hasClassValue'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TangentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%TangentFn ?DEGREE) is the tangent of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The tangent of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side opposite ?DEGREE to the side next to ?DEGREE in a right-angled triangle.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot depth_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%TernaryPredicate that is used to state the &%distance between the &%top of an &%Object and another point that is above the &%top of the &%Object (often this other point will be sea level). Note that this &%Predicate can be used to specify, for example, the depth of marine life or submarines, for example.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of distance_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot piece_S ;+ (comment "\"A specialized common sense notion of part for arbitrary parts of &%Substances. Quasi-synonyms are: chunk, hunk, bit, etc. Compare &%component, the other subrelation of &%part.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Substance) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of part_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot independentProbability_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations. (&%independentProbability ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that the probabilities of ?FORMULA1 and ?FORMULA2 being true are independent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (inverse-slot independentProbability_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RoundFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%RoundFn ?NUMBER) is the &%Integer closest to ?NUMBER on the number line. If ?NUMBER is halfway between two &%Integers (for example 3.5), it denotes the larger &%Integer.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot top_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%top ?TOP ?OBJECT) means that ?TOP is the highest maximal superficial part of ?OBJECT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of superficialPart_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot causes_S ;+ (comment "\"The causation relation between instances of &%Process. (&%causes ?PROCESS1 ?PROCESS2) means that the instance of &%Process ?PROCESS1 brings about the instance of &%Process ?PROCESS2, e.g. (&%causes &%Killing &%Death).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PropertyFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Agent to the &%Set of &%Property owned by the &%Agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Set) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DensityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"&%DensityFn maps an instance of &%MassMeasure and an instance of &%VolumeMeasure to the density represented by this proportion of mass and volume. For example, (&%DensityFn (&%MeasureFn 3 &%Gram) (&%MeasureFn 1 &%Liter)) represents the density of 3 grams per liter.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FunctionQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of PerFn_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot confersObligation_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses the relationship between a a &%Formula, an &%Entity, and a &%CognitiveAgent when the &%Entity obligates the &%CognitiveAgent to bring it about that the &%Formula is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot meetsSpatially_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%meetsSpatially ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 are &%connected but that neither ?OBJ1 nor ?OBJ2 &%overlapsSpatially the other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of connected_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ReciprocalFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(ReciprocalFn ?NUMBER) is the reciprocal element of ?NUMBER with respect to the multiplication operator (&%MultiplicationFn), i.e. 1/?NUMBER. Not all numbers have a reciprocal element. For example the number 0 does not. If a number ?NUMBER has a reciprocal ?RECIP, then the product of ?NUMBER and ?RECIP will be 1, e.g. 3*1/3 = 1. The reciprocal of an element is &%equal to applying the &%ExponentiationFn function to the element to the power -1.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MicroFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MicroFn &%Meter) is .000001 &%Meters.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain3Class ;+ (comment "The fourth argument of a quaternary or higher-arity slot. Thisis the class of which the value is an instance.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLcore_00000) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AblockLineNumber ;+ (comment "The :blockLineNumber of a comment or unrecognized predicate is its location within the block where it occurs in a SKIF input file.") (type INTEGER) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AinputFile ;+ (comment ":inputFile is the name of the file from which a particular module was derived.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot true_S ;+ (comment "\"The &%BinaryPredicate that relates a &%Sentence to its &%TruthValue.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TruthValue) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of property_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot monetaryValue_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that associates an &%Object with its value expressed as an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of measure_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot FutureFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to the &%TimeInterval which it meets and which ends at &%PositiveInfinity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ImmediateFutureFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to a short, indeterminate &%TimeInterval that immediately follows the &%TimePosition.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot length_S ;+ (comment "\"&%BinaryPredicate that is used to state the measure of an &%Object from one point to another point along its surface. Note that the difference between the predicates &%length and &%distance is that the &%length is used to state the &%LengthMeasure of one of the dimensions of a single object, while &%distance is used to state the &%LengthMeasure that separates two distinct objects\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of measure_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ExecutiveBranchFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ExecutiveBranchFn ?ORG) denotes the executive branch of ?ORG, with all its officials and agencies, considered as a whole.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AuncInstList ;+ (comment "The insatance(s) created from an instance block, saved for convenience in later procesing of unclassified instance propositions.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot loss_S ;+ (comment "\"The amount by which the cost of an investment or business operation exceeds its return, i.e. the negative quantity left after subtracting for all expenses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SquareRootFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(SquareRootFn ?NUMBER) is the principal square root of ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Number) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot time_S ;+ (comment "\"This relation holds between an instance of &%Physical and an instance of &%TimePosition just in case the temporal lifespan of the former includes the latter. The constants &%located and &%time are the basic spatial and temporal predicates, respectively.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot decreasesLikelihood_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations. (&%decreasesLikelihood ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that ?FORMULA2 is less likely to be true if ?FORMULA1 is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subclass_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subclass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that ?CLASS1 is a subclass of ?CLASS2, i.e. every instance of ?CLASS1 is also an instance of ?CLASS2. A class may have multiple superclasses and subclasses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AhasRestrictedVal ;+ (comment ":hasRestrictedVal is the companion slot to :isRestrictedTo, with args 1 and 2 reversed, so that it is displayed in the class window for arg2.") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot patient_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%patient ?PROCESS ?ENTITY) means that ?ENTITY is a participant in ?PROCESS that may be moved, said, experienced, etc. For example, the direct objects in the sentences 'The cat swallowed the canary' and 'Billy likes the beer' would be examples of &%patients. Note that the &%patient of a &%Process may or may not undergo structural change as a result of the &%Process. The &%CaseRole of &%patient is used when one wants to specify as broadly as possible the object of a &%Process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot most_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%most ?MOST ?WHOLE) means that ?MOST is a &%part of ?WHOLE that is greater than &%half of ?WHOLE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of part_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain4Type ;+ (comment "The type of the fifth argument, class or instance.\n Specifies whether the first domain argument is an instance of the specified class or a subclass.\n In SUMO, this signals whether the proposition describing the domains of the relation use the relation name \"domain\" or \"domainSubclass\".") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Class Instance) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv018t_00306) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasExpertise_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%hasExpertise ?PERSON ?FIELD) means that ?PERSON has studied the &%FieldOfStudy ?FIELD and is regarded as an expert.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FieldOfStudy) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot component_S ;+ (comment "\"A specialized common sense notion of part for heterogeneous parts of complexes. (&%component ?COMPONENT ?WHOLE) means that ?COMPONENT is a component of ?WHOLE. Examples of component include the doors and walls of a house, the states or provinces of a country, or the limbs and organs of an animal. Compare &%piece, which is also a subrelation of &%part.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CorpuscularObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of part_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RealNumberFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(RealNumberFn ?NUMBER) returns the part of ?NUMBER that is a &%RealNumber.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot periodicPayment_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%periodicPayment ?Account ?Amount ?Period) holds if ?Amount is the amount that must be made from the &%FinancialAccount ?Account after every period of duration ?Period.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeDuration) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain2Class ;+ (comment "The third argument of a higher-arity relation, after usual domain and range.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet SUMO148_00000) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AsynonymousTerm ;+ (comment "A string serving as a synonym for the class label.\n The value of the relation :synonymousTerm is a string of characters used as a label for the concept which is represented by the class which has that :Synonym pointed to by the :hasSynonym slot.\n Technically, :synonymousTerm is a slot of the class :Synonym. Instances of the class :Syonym are the values of the relation :SYNONYMS, which is an own slot of the class :SYN-CLASS.\n") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasModalAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"This is a relation analogous to the SUMO &%modalObligation, but applying to abstract assertions rather than physical Formulas as in SUMO. A &%BinaryRelation that is used to state the normative force of a &%Proposition. (&%hasModalAttribute ?Assertion ?PROP) means that the &%Proposition expressed by ?Assertion has the &%NormativeAttribute ?PROP. For example, (&%hasModalAttribute (&%exists (?ACT ?OBJ) (&%and (&%instance ?ACT &%Giving) (&%agent ?ACT John) (&%patient ?ACT ?OBJ) (&%destination ?ACT Tom))) &%Obligatory) means that John is obligated to give Tom something.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NormativeAttribute) ;+ (inverse-slot isaModalAttributeOf_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AisaSynonymOf ;+ (comment "The reverse pointer from an instance of :Synonym to the concept of which it is a synonym.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3AUBL-SLOT) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (inverse-slot %3ASYNONYMS) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasNecessaryPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasNecessaryPart ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that every instance of ?CLASS1 has a part which is an instance of ?CLASS2. Since this is an InheritableClassRelation, then it is true of every instance of every subclass of ?CLASS1 that each such instance also has a part which is an instance of ?CLASS2. See hasOptionalPart for an alternative part relation.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasCreationTime_S ;+ (comment "\"hasCreationTime specifies a time position when an entity came into existence. The entity must be physical.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot maturityDate_S ;+ (comment "\"The date on which the principal amount of the account becomes due and payable.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Day) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inScopeOfInterest_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate. (&%inScopeOfInterest ?AGENT ?ENTITY) means that ?ENTITY is within the scope of interest of ?AGENT. Note that the interest indicated can be either positive or negative, i.e. the ?AGENT can have an interest in avoiding or promoting ?ENTITY.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot telephoneNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%telephoneNumber ?NUMBER ?AGENT) means that ?NUMBER is a telephone number at which ?AGENT can be regularly contacted.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of uniqueIdentifier_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot part_S ;+ (comment "\"The basic mereological relation. All other mereological relations are defined in terms of this one. (&%part ?PART ?WHOLE) simply means that the &%Object ?PART is part of the &%Object ?WHOLE. Note that, since &%part is a &%ReflexiveRelation, every &%Object is a part of itself.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot premise_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%premise ?ARGUMENT ?PROPOSITION) means that the &%Proposition ?PROPOSITION is an explicit assumption of the &%Argument ?ARGUMENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PathWeightFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the sum of the &%arcWeights on the &%GraphArcs in the &%GraphPath.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot knows_S ;+ (comment "\"The epistemic predicate of knowing. (&%knows ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT knows the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA. Note that &%knows entails conscious awareness, so this &%Predicate cannot be used to express tacit or subconscious or unconscious knowledge.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ListConcatenateFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that returns the concatenation of the two &%Lists that are given as arguments. For example, the value of (&%ListConcatenateFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday) (&%ListFn &%Wednesday &%Thursday)) would be (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday &%Thursday).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot minimumCardinality_S ;+ (comment "\"(minimumCardinality ?REL ?NUMBER) means that, for any given assignment of a first argument to ?REL, there will be at least ?NUMBER assignments to the second argument of ?REL.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeInteger) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot manner_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%manner ?PROCESS ?MANNER) means that the &%Process ?PROCESS is qualified by the &%Attribute ?MANNER. The &%Attributes of &%Processes are usually denoted by adverbs and include things like the speed of the wind, the style of a dance, or the intensity of a sports competition.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of property_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot overlapsTemporally_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%overlapsTemporally ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that the &%TimeIntervals ?INTERVAL1 and ?INTERVAL2 have a &%TimeInterval as a common part.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (inverse-slot overlapsTemporally_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GeneralizedUnionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that takes a &%SetOrClass of &%Classes as its single argument and returns a &%SetOrClass which is the merge of all of the &%Classes in the original &%SetOrClass, i.e. the &%SetOrClass containing just those instances which are instances of an instance of the original &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisRestrictedTo ;+ (comment ":isRestrictedTo allows one to specify that a relation’s values may be restricted when that relation is applied to some subclass of the original domain 1. This can help to make the relation more clear, and may limit the range of necessary inferences. Such restrictions are realized in Protege by modifying the allowed class of a value of a relation at the level of some particular class which is a subclass of the higher-level class on which the relation is defined. This provision in Protege distinguishes between the top-level definition of a slot and its application at lower levels.\n A companion predicate :hasRestrictedVal assertws the same thjing, but has the first class as argument 1, allowing viewing of the relation in ") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) ;+ (associated-facet SKIFcore_00400) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DescendantsFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%DescendantsFn ?PERSON) denotes all and only the descendants of ?PERSON, i.e. the &%Group consisting of ?OFFSPRING who satisfy the following formula: (&%ancestor ?OFFSPRING ?PERSON).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FamilyGroup) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot wears_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%wears ?AGENT ?CLOTHING) means that ?AGENT is wearing the item of &%Clothing ?CLOTHING.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Clothing) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsDuring_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%holdsDuring ?TIME ?FORMULA) means that the proposition denoted by ?FORMULA is true in the time frame ?TIME. Note that this implies that ?FORMULA is true at every &%TimePoint which is a &%temporalPart of ?TIME.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3C%3D%3E_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of bi-implication.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot angleOfFigure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%angleOfFigure ?ANGLE ?FIGURE) means that the &%TwoDimensionalAngle ?ANGLE is part of the &%GeometricFigure ?FIGURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricFigure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of geometricPart_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextualExpression_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextualExpression is the relation between a Proposition and the AbstractText that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) ;+ (inverse-slot hasPropositionalContent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MegaFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MegaFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000 &%Hertz.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot traverses_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%traverses ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 crosses or extends across ?OBJ2. Note that &%crosses and &%penetrates are subrelations of &%traverses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot angularMeasure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%angularMeasure ?ANGLE ?MEASURE) means that the two-dimensional geometric angle ?ANGLE has the &%PlaneAngleMeasure of ?MEASURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PlaneAngleMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot exists_S ;+ (comment "\"The existential quantifier of predicate logic.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot modalAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation that is used to state the normative force of a &%Proposition. (&%modalAttribute ?FORMULA ?PROP) means that the &%Proposition expressed by ?FORMULA has the &%NormativeAttribute ?PROP. For example, (&%modalAttribute (&%exists (?ACT ?OBJ) (&%and (&%instance ?ACT &%Giving) (&%agent ?ACT John) (&%patient ?ACT ?OBJ) (&%destination ?ACT Tom))) &%Obligatory) means that John is obligated to give Tom something.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NormativeAttribute) ;+ (subslot-of property_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot frequency_S ;+ (comment "\"(frequency ?PROC ?TIME) means that the &%Process type of ?PROC recurs after every interval of ?TIME.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeDuration) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot copy_S ;+ (comment "\"relates an &%Object to an exact copy of the &%Object, where an exact copy is indistinguishable from the original with regard to every property except (possibly) spatial and/or temporal location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (inverse-slot copy_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot exhaustiveDecomposition_S ;+ (comment "\"An &%exhaustiveDecomposition of a &%Class C is a set of subclasses of C such that every subclass of C either is an element of the set or is a subclass of an element of the set. Note: this does not necessarily mean that the elements of the set are disjoint (see &%partition - a &%partition is a disjoint exhaustive decomposition.)\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot closedOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction is closed on a &%SetOrClass if it is defined for all instances of the &%SetOrClass and its value is always an instance of the &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ListLengthFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that takes a &%List as its sole argument and returns the number of items in the &%List. For example, (&%ListLengthFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value 3.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot student_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%student ?AGENT ?ORG) means that ?AGENT is enrolled in the &%EducationalOrganization ?ORG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of member_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot barometricPressure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%barometricPressure ?AREA ?PRESSURE) means that the atmospheric pressure measured at ?AREA is ?PRESSURE. Barometric pressure is typically expressed in units of &%InchMercury or &%MmMercury. For example, standard sea level pressure is 29.92 inches (760 mm) of mercury: (&%barometricPressure &%SeaLevel (&%MeasureFn 29.92 &%InchMercury)).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PressureMeasure) ;+ (subslot-of measure_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot leader_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%leader ?ORGANIZATION ?PERSON) means that the leader of ?ORGANIZATION is ?PERSON.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot instance_S ;+ (comment "\"An object is an &%instance of a &%SetOrClass if it is included in that &%SetOrClass. An individual may be an instance of many classes, some of which may be subclasses of others. Thus, there is no assumption in the meaning of &%instance about specificity or uniqueness.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot postalCode_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%postalCode ?NUMBER ?ADDRESS) means that the the postal code, e.g. zip code, ?NUMBER is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of uniqueIdentifier_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PredecessorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Integer to its predecessor, e.g. the predecessor of 5 is 4.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MonthFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a subclass of &%Month and a subclass of &%Year to the class containing the &%Months corresponding to thos &%Years. For example (&%MonthFn &%January (&%YearFn 1912)) is the class containing the eighth &%Month, i.e. August, of the &%Year 1912. For another example, (&%MonthFn &%August &%Year) is equal to &%August, the class of all months of August. Note that this function returns a &%Class as a value. The reason for this is that the related functions, viz. DayFn, HourFn, MinuteFn, and SecondFn, are used to generate both specific &%TimeIntervals and recurrent intervals, and the only way to do this is to make the domains and ranges of these functions classes rather than individuals.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Month) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot wife_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%wife ?WOMAN ?MAN) means that ?WOMAN is the wife of ?MAN.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Man) ;+ (inverse-slot husband_S) ;+ (subslot-of spouse_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain2Value ;+ (comment "The instance value for the third argument of a higher-arity relation. It is an instance of :Domain2Class.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet SUMO152_00100) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot quantityInEvent_S ;+ (comment "\"(quantityInEvent ?PROC ?QUANT ?OBJ) means that the number of &%Objects that are instances of ?OBJ that participate in an event ?PROC in the role of &%patient is ?QUANT.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot capacity_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%capacity ?OBJ ?QUANTITY) means that ?OBJ can contain something that has the &%measure of ?QUANTITY. This predicate denotes maximal capacity, i.e. ?OBJ can hold no more than ?QUANTITY. Note, however, that this does not mean that &%capacity is a &%SingleValuedRelation, since an object may have various maximal capacities across different dimensions, e.g. a particular box may have a &%capacity of 3 pounds and a &%capacity of 1 liter.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ConstantQuantity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot believes_S ;+ (comment "\"The epistemic predicate of belief. (&%believes ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT believes the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot connects_S ;+ (comment "\"The relationship between three things, when one of the three things connects the other two. More formally, (&%connects ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3) means that (&%connected ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) and (&%connected ?OBJ1 ?OBJ3) and not (&%connected ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (inverse-slot connects_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot geometricPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%geometricPart ?PART ?WHOLE) means that the &%GeometricFigure ?PART is part of the &%GeometricFigure ?WHOLE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricFigure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot transactionAmount_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%transactionAmount ?Transaction ?Amount) means that ?Amount is an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure being exhanged in a &%FinancialTransaction ?Transaction.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isTheInformationContainedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isTheInformationContainedIn is the relation between a Proposition and the ContentBearingObject that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) ;+ (inverse-slot containsInformation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain2Type ;+ (comment "Specifies whether the first domain argument is an instance of the specified class or a subclass.\n In SUMO, this signals whether the proposition describing the domains of the relation use the relation name \"domain\" or \"domainSubclass\".") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Instance Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv018_00288) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsObligation_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses a relationship between a &%Formula and a &%CognitiveAgent whereby the &%CognitiveAgent has the obligation to bring it about that the &%Formula is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot BeginNodeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the &%GraphNode that is the beginning of the &%GraphPath. Note that, unlike &%InitialNodeFn (which relates a &%GraphArc to a &%GraphNode), &%BeginNodeFn is a total function - every &%GraphPath has a beginning.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphNode) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TerminalNodeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphArc to the terminal node of the &%GraphArc. Note that this is a partial function. In particular, the function is undefined for &%GraphArcs that are not part of a &%DirectedGraph.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphNode) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot orbits_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%orbits ?SATELLITE ?FOCUS) means that the &%Object ?SATELLITE revolves around the &%AstronomicalBody ?FOCUS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AstronomicalBody) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SuccessorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Integer to its successor, e.g. the successor of 5 is 6.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasVersionNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"hasVersionNumber associates a number with the name of a conceptual work and the abstract text of the work. Typically there will besome physical embodiment (representation) of the conceptual work which bears the number. A VersionNumberString may contain letters as well as numbers, but if it is not a real number, at this point (samin011) the time sequence of versions cannot be related to the string.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes VersionNumberString) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot dislikes_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%dislikes ?AGENT ?OBJECT) means that ?AGENT has a feeling of antipathy to ?OBJECT, i.e. ?AGENT believes that ?OBJECT will thwart one of his/her goals. Note that there is no implication that what is hated by an agent is not already possessed by the agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GreatestCommonDivisorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%GreatestCommonDivisorFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2 ... ?NUMBER) returns the greatest common divisor of ?NUMBER1 through ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot instrument_S ;+ (comment "\"(instrument ?EVENT ?TOOL) means that ?TOOL is used by an agent in bringing about ?EVENT and that ?TOOL is not changed by ?EVENT. For example, the key is an &%instrument in the following proposition: The key opened the door. Note that &%instrument and &%resource cannot be satisfied by the same ordered pair.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of patient_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RelativeComplementFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%SetOrClasses to the difference between these &%SetOrClasses. More precisely, (&%RelativeComplementFn ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) denotes the instances of ?CLASS1 that are not also instances of ?CLASS2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot fills_S ;+ (comment "\"Holes can be filled. (&%fills ?OBJ ?HOLE) means that the &%Object ?OBJ fills the &%Hole ?HOLE. Note that &%fills here means perfectly filled.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Hole) ;+ (subslot-of completelyFills_S properlyFills_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inhabits_S ;+ (comment "\"A very basic notion of living within something else. (&%inhabits ?ORGANISM ?OBJECT) means that ?OBJECT is the residence, nest, home, etc. of ?ORGANISM.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot citizen_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%citizen ?PERSON ?NATION) means that the &%Human ?PERSON is a citizen of &%Nation ?NATION.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Nation) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot publishes_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%publishes ?ORG ?TEXT) means that ?ORG publishes ?TEXT. For example, Bantam Books publishes Agatha Christie's Murder_on_the_Orient_Express.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot range_S ;+ (comment "\"Gives the range of a function. In other words, (&%range ?FUNCTION ?CLASS) means that all of the values assigned by ?FUNCTION are &%instances of ?CLASS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasClassValue ;+ (comment "\"(:hasClassValue ?REL ?CLASS ?VAL) is used to specify that every instance ?INST of class ?CLASS will have the same instance ?VAL related to ?INST by the relation ?REL. This explicit assignment of a value can override a default assignment using the relation :hasDefaultValue. Note that attempting to assign a value to one class and a different value to a subclass will result in a logical contradiction. The parent class value must be set by :hasDefaultValue in order for hasClassValue to overide the default without contradiction.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot distance_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%distance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?QUANT) means that the shortest distance between the two objects ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 is ?QUANT. Note that the difference between the predicates &%length and &%distance is that the &%length is used to state the &%LengthMeasure of one of the dimensions of a single object, while &%distance is used to state the &%LengthMeasure that separates two distinct objects.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot FirstFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%FirstFn ?LIST) returns the first item in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%FirstFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value of &%Monday.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot surface_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%surface ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is a maximally connected &%superficialPart of ?OBJ2. Note that some &%SelfConnectedObjects have more than one surface, e.g. a hollow object like a tennis ball has both an inner and an outer surface.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (subslot-of superficialPart_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MinFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MinFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the smallest of ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2. In cases where ?NUMBER1 is equal to ?NUMBER2, &%MinFn returns one of its arguments.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DayFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Months to the &%Days within each &%Month corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%DayFn 16 &%August) is the &%Class of all sixteenth days of August. For another example, (&%DayFn 9 &%Month) would return the class of all ninth days of any month. For still another example, (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912))) denotes the 18th day of August 1912.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents RecurringDay) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot exactlyLocated_S ;+ (comment "\"The actual, minimal location of an Object. This is a subrelation of the more general &%Predicate &%located.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of located_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subProposition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subProposition ?PROP1 ?PROP2) means that ?PROP1 is a &%Proposition which is a proper part of the &%Proposition ?PROP2. In other words, &%subProposition is the analogue of &%properPart for chunks of abstract content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot hopes_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%hopes ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT hopes that the proposition ?FORMULA will be true, i.e. he/she believes that it will come to pass in the future and that it will be desirable for ?AGENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of expects_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot properlyFills_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%properlyFills ?OBJ ?HOLE) means that ?HOLE is properly (though perhaps incompletely) filled by ?OBJ, i.e. some part of ?HOLE is perfectly filled by ?OBJ. Note that &%properlyFills is the dual of &%completelyFills, and is so related to &%partiallyFills that ?OBJ &%properlyFills ?HOLE just in case ?OBJ &%partiallyFills every part of ?HOLE. (Thus, every perfect filler is both complete and proper in this sense).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Hole) ;+ (subslot-of partiallyFills_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot beforeOrEqual_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%beforeOrEqual ?POINT1 ?POINT2) means that ?POINT1 is identical with ?POINT2 or occurs before it on the universal timeline.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv019_00333) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot measure_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate for asserting that a particular &%Object is measured by a particular &%ConstantQuantity. In general, the second argument of this &%Predicate will be an instance of the &%Function &%MeasureFn.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PhysicalQuantity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot age_S ;+ (comment "\"Simply relates an &%Object to a &%ConstantQuantity specifying the age of the &%Object.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeDuration) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of measure_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot represents_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general semiotics &%Predicate. (&%represents ?THING ?ENTITY) means that ?THING in some way indicates, expresses, connotes, pictures, describes, etc. ?ENTITY. The &%Predicates &%containsInformation and &%realization are subrelations of &%represents. Note that &%represents is a subrelation of &%refers, since something can represent something else only if it refers to this other thing. See the documentation string for &%names.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of refers_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot AccountFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A function that takes a financial instrument and returns a FinancialAccount which is repesented by that instrument. This function is mentioned but not defined in SUM 1.56 or MILO -PJC 3-5-04.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FinancialAccount) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isReferencedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isReferencedBy relates any entity to an AbstractInformationalEntity (such as an Abstract Text) that represents the entity in some way. This is the inverse of relation 'hasReferent'. Thus a physical cat may be represented by the AbstractString 'c-a-t'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractInformationalEntity) ;+ (inverse-slot hasReferent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot lessThan_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%lessThan ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is true just in case the &%Quantity ?NUMBER1 is less than the &%Quantity ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (inverse-slot greaterThan_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot WhereFn_S ;+ (comment "\"Maps an &%Object and a &%TimePoint at which the &%Object exists to the &%Region where the &%Object existed at that &%TimePoint.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Region) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot overlapsSpatially_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%overlapsSpatially ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the &%Objects ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 have some parts in common. This is a reflexive and symmetric (but not transitive) relation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of connected_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasInformationalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasInformationalContent is the relation between a Proposition and the corresponding mental entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractInformationalEntity Proposition) ;+ (inverse-slot isTheInformationalContentOf_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasPurpose_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%Predicate expresses the concept of a conventional goal, i.e. a goal with a neutralized agent's intention. Accordingly, (&%hasPurpose ?THING ?FORMULA) means that the instance of &%Physical ?THING has, as its purpose, the &%Proposition expressed by ?FORMULA. Note that there is an important difference in meaning between the &%Predicates &%hasPurpose and &%result. Although the second argument of the latter can satisfy the second argument of the former, a conventional goal is an expected and desired outcome, while a result may be neither expected nor desired. For example, a machine process may have outcomes but no goals, aimless wandering may have an outcome but no goal; a learning process may have goals with no outcomes, and so on.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot createdBy_S ;+ (comment "\"createdBy is used to assert that a particular instance of an entity was created in an action which has a particular agent as its main actor. In this relation, the event itself is unspecified.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot conjugate_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%conjugate ?COMPOUND1 ?COMPOUND2) means that ?COMPOUND1 and ?COMPOUND2 are identical &%CompoundSubstances except that one has one more &%Proton than the other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CompoundSubstance) ;+ (inverse-slot conjugate_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot destination_S ;+ (comment "\"(destination ?PROCESS ?GOAL) means that ?GOAL is the target or goal of the Process ?PROCESS. For example, Danbury would be the destination in the following proposition: Bob went to Danbury. Note that this is a very general &%CaseRole and, in particular, that it covers the concepts of 'recipient' and 'beneficiary'. Thus, John would be the &%destination in the following proposition: Tom gave a book to John.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot issuedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%issuedBy ?Instrument ?Agent) means that a &%FinancialInstrument ?Instrument is produced and offered by ?Agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot synonymousExternalConcept_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%synonymousExternalConcept ?STRING ?THING ?LANGUAGE) means that the SUMO concept ?THING has the same meaning as ?STRING in ?LANGUAGE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ALanguage) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of relatedExternalConcept) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot legalRelation_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%legalRelation ?AGENT1 ?AGENT2) means there is a relationship involving legal obligations between ?AGENT1 and ?AGENT2. Some examples include marriage, adoption, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) ;+ (inverse-slot legalRelation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot daughter_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of daughterhood. (&%daughter ?CHILD ?PARENT) means that ?CHILD is the biological daughter of ?PARENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of parent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot overlapsPartially_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%overlapsPartially ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 have part(s) in common, but neither ?OBJ1 nor ?OBJ2 is a &%part of the other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of overlapsSpatially_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot connectedEngineeringComponents_S ;+ (comment "\"This is the most general connection relation between &%EngineeringComponents. If (&%connectedEngineeringComponents ?COMP1 ?COMP2), then neither ?COMP1 nor ?COMP2 can be an &%engineeringSubcomponent of the other. The relation &%connectedEngineeringComponents is a &%SymmetricRelation; there is no information in the direction of connection between two components. It is also an &%IrreflexiveRelation; no &%EngineeringComponent bears this relation to itself. Note that this relation does not associate a name or type with the connection.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EngineeringComponent) ;+ (inverse-slot connectedEngineeringComponents_S) ;+ (subslot-of connected_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inverse_S ;+ (comment "\"The inverse of a &%BinaryRelation is a relation in which all the tuples of the original relation are reversed. In other words, one &%BinaryRelation is the inverse of another if they are equivalent when their arguments are swapped.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes BinaryRelation) ;+ (inverse-slot inverse_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot between_S ;+ (comment "\"(between ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3) means that ?OBJ2 is spatially located between ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ3. Note that this implies that ?OBJ2 is directly between ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ3, i.e. the projections of ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ3 overlap with ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RationalNumberFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%RationalNumberFn ?NUMBER) returns the rational representation of ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RationalNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot exploits_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%exploits ?OBJ ?AGENT) means that ?OBJ is used by ?AGENT as a &%resource in an unspecified instance of &%Process. This &%Predicate, as its corresponding axiom indicates, is a composition of the relations &%agent and &%resource.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot creates_S ;+ (comment "\"relates a physical event to an entity whose existence may be caused by the event. The entity usually comes into existence as a result of the event. The entity may be a new state, a physical embodiment of a mental entity (such as a musical composition), or a physical object. Note that this is a time-dependent relation, and therefore strictly abstract entities cannot be created, though their physical embodiments can. No creation event can be instantaneous, it must proceed over some time interval.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (subslot-of result_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MereologicalSumFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MereologicalSumFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to either ?OBJ1 or ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot titles_S ;+ (comment "\"A predicate used to indicate the title of a &%Text. Note that the second argument type restriction is a subclass, rather than an instance, of &%Text. Thus, the title Murder_on_the_Orient_Express corresponds to a large class of &%Books, and not just to a single copy of the book.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Text) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of names_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot temporallyBetween_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%temporallyBetween ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?POINT3) means that the &%TimePoint ?POINT2 is between the &%TimePoints ?POINT1 and ?POINT3, i.e. ?POINT1 is before ?POINT2 and ?POINT2 is before ?POINT3.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) ;+ (subslot-of temporallyBetweenOrEqual_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"Means that the second argument can be ascribed to everything which has the first argument ascribed to it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasOptionalPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasOptionalPart ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that there is some instance of ?CLASS1 which has a part which is an instance of ?CLASS2. More informally, this relation may be stated 'instances of CLASS1 may have an instance of CLASS 2 as a part'. Note that not every subclass of CLASS1 will necessarily have instances with parts of type CLASS2. A car manufacturer may sell a line of 'Belcher' autos with GPS as an optional part. But the 'Belcher' (a subclass of Belcher) may not have that part as an option. Thus it is true that (hasOptionalPart Belcher GPS) but it is not true that (hasOptionalPart BelcherQQ GPS). Thus the relation is not an InheritableClassRelation. If there are subclasses of Belcher that have optional GPS, that assertion must be made on that subclass explicitly.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isUniqueFor_S ;+ (comment "\"isUniqueFor specifies that a particular instance of Position (e.g. President) is unique in a particular organization, i.e. only one person can hold that position at any one time. This allows definition of positions (e.g. Vice President) that may or may not be unique, depending on the organization. If a position is unique in an entire class of organizations, use (:hasValueClass ?POS isUniqueFor ?ORGCLASS).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) ;+ (inverse-slot hasUniquePosition_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot representativeAgentToAgent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%representativeAgentToAgent ?SENDER ?REP ?RECEIVER) means that the &%Agent ?SENDER has the &%Agent ?REP as its representative to the &%Agent ?RECEIVER. ?REP works for ?SENDER and is not assumed to be an impartial mediator.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot lacks_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%lacks ?AGENT ?OBJECT) means that ?AGENT &%needs ?OBJECT and it is not currently the case that ?AGENT &%possesses ?OBJECT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of needs_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MagnitudeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"The magnitude of a &%ConstantQuantity is the numeric value for the quantity. In other words, &%MagnitudeFn converts a &%ConstantQuantity with an associated &%UnitOfMeasure into an ordinary &%RealNumber. For example, the magnitude of the &%ConstantQuantity 2 &%Kilometers is the &%RealNumber 2. Note that the magnitude of a quantity in a given unit times that unit is equal to the original quantity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot geographicSubregion_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%geographicSubregion ?PART ?WHOLE) means that the &%GeographicArea ?PART is part of the &%GeographicArea ?WHOLE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeographicArea) ;+ (subslot-of properPart_S located_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasListElement_S ;+ (comment "\"hasListElement relates a class of Lists to another class. (hasListElement ?LISTCLASS ?ENTITYCLASS) asserts that every instance list of ?LISTCLASS has as an element at least one instance of ?ENTITYCLASS.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsInContext_S ;+ (comment "\"holdsInContext means that there is some context in which a particular assertion is true. The context can be a real-world context, a fictional context, a hypothetical context, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Context) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot equivalenceRelationOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation is an &%equivalenceRelationOn a &%SetOrClass only if the relation is &%reflexiveOn the &%SetOrClass and it is both a &%TransitiveRelation and a &%SymmetricRelation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot superficialPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%superficialPart ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is a part of ?OBJ2 that has no interior parts of its own (or, intuitively, that only overlaps those parts of ?OBJ2 that are externally connected with the mereological complement of ?OBJ2). This too is a transitive relation closed under &%MereologicalSumFn and &%MereologicalProductFn.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of part_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot signedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%signedBy ?Instrument ?Agent) means that ?Instrument has been signed by ?Agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot finishes_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%finishes ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that ?INTERVAL1 and ?INTERVAL2 are both &%TimeIntervals that have the same ending &%TimePoint and that ?INTERVAL2 begins before ?INTERVAL1.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot AbsoluteValueFn_S ;+ (comment "\"The value of (&%AbsoluteValueFn ?NUMBER) is the absolute value of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeRealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot and_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of conjunction.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot groupMember_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%subrelation of &%member, &%groupMember is used to relate a &%Human to a &%GroupOfPeople of which he/she is a &%member.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GroupOfPeople) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of member_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot EndNodeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the &%GraphNode that is the end of the &%GraphPath. Note that, unlike &%TerminalNodeFn (which relates a &%GraphArc to a &%GraphNode), &%EndNodeFn is a total function - every &%GraphPath has a end.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphNode) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot successorAttributeClosure_S ;+ (comment "\"The transitive closure of &%successorAttribute. (&%successorAttributeClosure ?ATTR1 ?ATTR2) means that there is a chain of &%successorAttribute assertions connecting ?ATTR1 and ?ATTR2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ListFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that takes any number of arguments and returns the &%List containing those arguments in exactly the same order.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot smaller_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%smaller ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) simply means that ?OBJ1 is smaller, with respect to all &%LengthMeasures, than ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (inverse-slot larger_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasBinaryEncoding_S ;+ (comment "\"hasBinaryEncoding points to the abstract BinaryObject that encodes the propositional content of a textual proposition. The Binary object will usually be a ab abstract ComputerFile with encoded text, but is not necessarily so.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes BinaryObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot equal_S ;+ (comment "\"(equal ?ENTITY1 ?ENTITY2) is true just in case ?ENTITY1 is identical with ?ENTITY2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (inverse-slot equal_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subrelation_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subrelation ?REL1 ?REL2) means that every tuple of ?REL1 is also a tuple of ?REL2. In other words, if the &%Relation ?REL1 holds for some arguments arg_1, arg_2, ... arg_n, then the &%Relation ?REL2 holds for the same arguments. A consequence of this is that a &%Relation and its subrelations must have the same &%valence. In CycL, &%subrelation is called #$genlPreds.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Relation) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot result_S ;+ (comment "\"(result ?ACTION ?OUTPUT) means that ?OUTPUT is a product of ?ACTION. For example, house is a &%result in the following proposition: Eric built a house.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of patient_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot subsumedExternalConcept_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subsumedExternalConcept ?STRING ?THING ?LANGUAGE) means that the SUMO concept ?THING is subsumed by the meaning of ?STRING in ?LANGUAGE, i.e. the concept ?THING is narrower in meaning than ?STRING.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ALanguage) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of relatedExternalConcept) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot AssignmentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If F is a function with a value for the objects denoted by N1,..., NK, then the term (AssignmentFn F N1 ... NK) denotes the value of applying F to the objects denoted by N1,..., NK. Otherwise, the value is undefined.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MilliFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MilliFn &%Ampere) is .001 &%Amperes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAuthors_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAuthors relates a Communication to the Agent or Agents that created it. This is not directly the inverse of relation 'authors' because that relation relates a physical text to its authors, however there is a direct implied relation from authors to hasAuthors. The implication is not bidirectional, however, as the domain of hasAuthors includes the content of a speech, which is an event, whereas authors relates only physical objects to their originators.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AgentGroup) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasOccupation_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%hasOccupation ?PERSON ?WORK) means that ?PERSON engages in activities of the class ?WORK as a means of earning a living.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents IntentionalProcess) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot starts_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%starts ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that ?INTERVAL1 and ?INTERVAL2 are both &%TimeIntervals that have the same initial &%TimePoint and that ?INTERVAL1 ends before ?INTERVAL2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot parent_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of parenthood. (&%parent ?CHILD ?PARENT) means that ?PARENT is a biological parent of ?CHILD.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) ;+ (subslot-of familyRelation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasValueClass ;+ (comment ":hasValueClass is an inverse of :hasClassValue. It specifies that a certain value always holds in a certain relation on a particular class, but the relation has a different polarity from the relations similarly restricted with :hasClassValue.") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot crosses_S ;+ (comment "\"(crosses ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that &%Object ?OBJ1 &%traverses Object ?OBJ2, without being &%connected to it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of traverses_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot IntervalFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%ConstantQuantities to the &%Class of &%ConstantQuantities that comprise the interval from the first &%ConstantQuantity to the second &%ConstantQuantity. For example, (&%IntervalFn (&%MeasureFn 8 &%Meter) (&%MeasureFn 14 &%Meter)) would return the &%Class of &%ConstantQuantities between 8 and 14 meters in length.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents ConstantQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasName_S ;+ (comment "\"hasName relates an instance of an entity to a string of linguistic characters used to reference the entity in linguistic communication. This is the inverse of the SUMO relation 'names', added to allow more flexible representation in Protege. The hasName relation is not a necessary relation since not every entity is named by a SymbolicString and not every SymbolicString is the label for an entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) ;+ (inverse-slot names_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ResidentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ResidentFn ?AREA) denotes the &%GroupOfPeople who have their &%home in ?AREA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GroupOfPeople) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3ASYNONYMS ;+ (comment "A list of synonyms in natural or formal languages for the concept represetned by this class.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ASynonym) ;+ (inverse-slot %3AisaSynonymOf) ;+ (associated-facet SKIFcore4_00382) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot representsForAgent_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general predicate. (&%representsForAgent ?THING ?ENTITY ?AGENT) means that the ?AGENT chooses to use the &%instance of &%Physical ?THING to 'stand for' ?ENTITY.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot side_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%side ?SIDE ?OBJECT) means that ?SIDE is a side of the object, as opposed to the &%top or &%bottom.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of superficialPart_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot connected_S ;+ (comment "\"(connected ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 &%meetsSpatially ?OBJ2 or that ?OBJ1 &%overlapsSpatially ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (inverse-slot connected_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SpeedFn_S ;+ (comment "\"Maps an instance of &%LengthMeasure and an instance of &%TimeDuration to the speed represented by this proportion of distance and time. For example, (&%SpeedFn (&%MeasureFn 55 &%Mile)(&%MeasureFn 1 &%HourDuration)) represents the velocity of 55 miles per hour.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FunctionQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of PerFn_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot disjointDecomposition ;+ (comment "\"A &%disjointDecomposition of a &%Class C is a set of subclasses of C that are mutually &%disjoint.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ARow) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SeriesVolumeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a type of &%Series (e.g. the Encyclopedia_Britannica or the Popular_Mechanics periodical) and a number to the volumes of the text type designated by the number.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partialOrderingOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation is a partial ordering on a &%SetOrClass only if the relation is &%reflexiveOn the &%SetOrClass, and it is both an &%AntisymmetricRelation, and a &%TransitiveRelation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot protonNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%protonNumber ?SUBSTANCE ?NUMBER) means that the &%PureSubstance ?SUBSTANCE has the number of &%Protons ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot FrontFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that maps an &%Object to the side that generally receives the most attention or that typically faces the direction in which the &%Object moves. Note that this is a partial function, since some &%Objects do not have sides, e.g. apples and spheres. Note too that the &%range of this &%Function is indefinite in much the way that &%ImmediateFutureFn and &%ImmediatePastFn are indefinite. Although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hole_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%hole ?HOLE ?OBJ) means that ?HOLE is a &%Hole in ?OBJ. A &%Hole is a fillable body located at the &%surface an &%Object.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PopulationFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%PopulationFn ?AREA) denotes the &%Integer that represents the count of the number of people inhabiting the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA. The total population presents one overall measure of the potential impact of the country on the world and within its region.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot atomicNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%atomicNumber ?ELEMENT ?NUMBER) means that the &%ElementalSubstance ?ELEMENT has the atomic number ?NUMBER. The atomic number is the number of &%Protons in the nucleus of an &%Atom.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of protonNumber_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot or_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of disjunction.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasUniquePosition_S ;+ (comment "\"hasUniquePosition specifies the name of a position in an organization for which there can be only one person occupying that position at any one time.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Position) ;+ (inverse-slot isUniqueFor_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3ArelationAllExists ;+ (comment "(:relationAllExists ?REL ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that every instance of ?CLASS1 is related to some instance of ?CLASS2 by the ?REL relation. The name was taken from the CYC rule macro predicate.") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) ;+ (associated-facet SKIFcore_00418) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasComponentList_S ;+ (comment "\"hasComponentList specifies a list of entity classes which may or may not be present as components of the whole entity. The list must be an exhaustive list, but it can contain an 'other' category. Every instance of the first argument must have at least one proper part which is an instance of one of the classes in the Component List\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ComponentList) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot possesses_S ;+ (comment "\"&%Relation that holds between an &%Agent and an &%Object when the &%Agent has ownership of the &%Object.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot CosineFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%CosineFn ?DEGREE) returns the cosine of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The cosine of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side next to ?DEGREE to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subProcess_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subProcess ?SUBPROC ?PROC) means that ?SUBPROC is a subprocess of ?PROC. A subprocess is here understood as a temporally distinguished part (proper or not) of a &%Process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RelativeTimeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A means of converting &%TimePositions between different &%TimeZones. (&%RelativeTimeFn ?TIME ?ZONE) denotes the &%TimePosition in &%CoordinatedUniversalTime that is contemporaneous with the &%TimePosition ?TIME in &%TimeZone ?ZONE. For example, (&%RelativeTimeFn (&%MeasureFn 14 &%Hour) &%EasternTimeZone) would return the value (&%MeasureFn 19 &%Hour).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasProperPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasProperPart ?WHOLE ?PART) specifies that ?Part is a part of ?WHOLE and there is some other entity that is also a part of ?WHOLE. If a ?WHOLE is located somewhere, the ?PART is also located there. The manner of connection of the ?PART to the other parts of the ?WHOLE is unspecified. This is required to specify parts of entities other than physical objects, as the SUMO 'part' relations have 'Object' as their argument 1.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot editor_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%editor ?AGENT ?TEXT) means that ?AGENT is an editor of ?TEXT.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot postalBoxNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%postalBoxNumber ?NUMBER ?ADDRESS) means that the post office box ?NUMBER is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of uniqueIdentifier_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot disapproves_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%disapproves ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT has a feeling of antipathy to the state of affairs represented by ?FORMULA, i.e. ?AGENT believes that the realization of ?FORMULA will thwart one of his/her goals. Note that there is no implication that what is disapproved of by an agent is not already true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasResultingEvent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasResultingEvent relates a physical process (in SUMO class Process is a pysical process) to the event that is generated by that process operating over a time interval.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PhysicalEvent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot securedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"Assets pledged by a borrower to secure a loan or other credit, and subject to seizure in the event of &%FinancialDefault.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Collateral) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot necessarily_S ;+ (comment "\"This is the inverse of :relationAllExists. (necessarily ?CLASS1 ?REL ?CLASS2) means that every instance of ?CLASS1 is related to some instance of ?CLASS2 by the ?REL relation.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot wants_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%wants ?AGENT ?OBJECT) means that ?OBJECT is desired by ?AGENT, i.e. ?AGENT believes that ?OBJECT will satisfy one of its goals. Note that there is no implication that what is wanted by an agent is not already possessed by the agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of inScopeOfInterest_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot administrativeCenter_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%administrativeCenter ?CENTER ?REGION) means that ?CENTER is the &%City (or other area) from which the larger &%GeopoliticalArea ?REGION is administered.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) ;+ (subslot-of geopoliticalSubdivision_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextFormat_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextFormat relates an AbstractLinguisticExpression to the format in which it is arranged.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextFormat) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot profit_S ;+ (comment "\"The positive gain from an investment or business operation after subtracting for all expenses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot contraryAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%contraryAttribute is a set of &%Attributes such that something can not simultaneously have more than one of these &%Attributes. For example, (&%contraryAttribute &%Pliable &%Rigid) means that nothing can be both &%Pliable and &%Rigid.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot completelyFills_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%completelyFills ?OBJ ?HOLE) means that some &%part of the &%Object ?OBJ fills the &%Hole ?HOLE. Note that if (&%completelyFills ?OBJ1 ?HOLE) and (&%part ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2), then (&%completelyFills ?OBJ2 ?HOLE).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Hole) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of partiallyFills_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain4Value ;+ (comment "The value of the fifth argument") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv018t_00304) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot fears_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%fears ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT fears that the proposition ?FORMULA will be true, i.e. he/she believes that it will come to pass in the future and that it will be undesirable for ?AGENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of expects_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot contains_S ;+ (comment "\"The relation of spatial containment for two separable objects. When the two objects are not separable (e.g. an automobile and one of its seats), the relation of &%part should be used. (&%contains ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the &%SelfConnectedObject ?OBJ1 has a space (i.e. a &%Hole) which is at least partially filled by ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (subslot-of partlyLocated_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) ;+ (inverse-slot hasaTextComponent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsRight_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses a relationship between a &%Formula and a &%CognitiveAgent whereby the &%CognitiveAgent has the right to bring it about that the &%Formula is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot son_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of being a son. (&%son ?CHILD ?PARENT) means that ?CHILD is the biological son of ?PARENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of parent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot fiscalYearPeriod_S ;+ (comment "\"The predicate &%fiscalYearPeriod indicates the period that an &%Agent or &%Organization uses as its 12-month accounting period. (&%fiscalYearPeriod ?AGENT &%Year) means that ?AGENT observes its 12-month accounting period during the regular calendar year (CY), from &%January to &%December. For fiscal years with other beginning and ending months (FYs), use (&%fiscalYearPeriod ?AGENT (&%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn ?STARTMONTH ?ENDMONTH)). For example, (&%fiscalYearPeriod (&%GovernmentFn &%UnitedStates) (&%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn &%October &%September)). For FYs that begin or end mid-month, days may be specified within &%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot attends_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%attends ?DEMO ?PERSON) means that ?PERSON attends, i.e. is a member of the audience, of the performance event ?DEMO.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of experiencer_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot WealthFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Agent to a &%CurrencyMeasure specifying the value of the property owned by the &%Agent. Note that this &%Function is generally used in conjunction with the &%Function &%PropertyFn, e.g. (&%WealthFn (&%PropertyFn BillGates)) would return the monetary value of the sum of Bill Gates' holdings.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot trichotomizingOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation ?REL is trichotomizing on a &%SetOrClass only if, for all instances ?INST1 and ?INST2 of the &%SetOrClass, at least one of the following holds: (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2), (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1) or (equal ?INST1 ?INST2).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot engineeringSubcomponent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%engineeringSubcomponent ?SUB ?SUPER) means that the &%EngineeringComponent ?SUB is structurally a &%properPart ?SUPER. This relation is an &%AsymmetricRelation, since two &%EngineeringComponents cannot be subcomponents of each other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EngineeringComponent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of properPart_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot streetNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%streetNumber ?BUILDING ?ADDRESS) means that the &%Building ?BUILDING is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of address_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot NanoFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MicroFn &%SecondDuration) is .000000001 &%SecondDurations.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot income_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%income ?Agent ?Money ?Period) means that ?Money is the amount of money or its equivalent received during a period of time in exchange for labor or services, from the sale of goods or property, or as profit from financial investments\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (inverse-slot hasAbstractName_S) ;+ (subslot-of hasReferent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot familyRelation_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate for biological relationships. (&%familyRelation ?ORGANISM1 ?ORGANISM2) means that ?ORGANISM1 and ?ORGANISM2 are biologically derived from a common ancestor.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) ;+ (inverse-slot familyRelation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot FloorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%FloorFn ?NUMBER) returns the largest &%Integer less than or equal to the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot HourFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Days to the &%Hours within each &%Day corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%HourFn 12 &%Thursday) is the &%Class of all instances of noon Thursday. For another example, (&%HourFn 24 &%Day) would return the class of all instances of midnight. For still another example, (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912)))) denotes 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Hour) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot agreementPeriod_S ;+ (comment "\"agreementPeriod specifies the time interval duing which an agreement is in force. In SUMO it has been applied only to financial accounts, but the relation itself was not defined. It is added to legalize the axiom below. - PJC 3-5-04.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot located_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%located ?PHYS ?OBJ) means that ?PHYS is &%partlyLocated at ?OBJ, and there is no &%part or &%subProcess of ?PHYS that is not &%located at ?OBJ.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of partlyLocated_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MaximalWeightedPathFn_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%BinaryFunction assigns two &%GraphNodes to the &%GraphPath with the largest sum of weighted arcs between the two &%GraphNodes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot prevents_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate. (&%prevents ?PROC1 ?PROC2) means that ?PROC1 prevents the occurrence of ?PROC2. In other words, if ?PROC1 is occurring in a particular time and place, ?PROC2 cannot occur at the same time and place. For example, innoculating prevents contracting disease. Note that this is a relation between types of &%Processes, not between instances.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot stockHolder_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%stockHolder ?Stock ?Agent) means that ?Agent possesses the &%Stock ?Stock.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot industryProductType_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%industryProductType ?INDUSTRY ?TYPE) means that organizations with the &%IndustryAttribute ?INDUSTRY produce products of the kind ?TYPE.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot geometricDistance_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%geometricDistance ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?LENGTH) means that ?LENGTH is the distance between the two &%GeometricPoints ?POINT1 and ?POINT2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot duration_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%duration ?POS ?TIME) means that the duration of the &%TimePosition ?POS is ?TIME. Note that this &%Predicate can be used in conjunction with the &%Function &%WhenFn to specify the duration of any instance of &%Physical.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeDuration) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot forall_S ;+ (comment "\"The universal quantifier of predicate logic.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot primaryGeopoliticalSubdivision_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%primaryGeopoliticalSubdivision ?AREA ?COUNTRY) means that the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA is one of the first-order administrative divisions of the &%Nation ?COUNTRY. For example, in the United States, any of the fifty states. This does not include subordinate regions that have a lesser status, such as British Crown colonies, U.S. territories, or protectorates. See &%geopoliticalSubdivision.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) ;+ (subslot-of geopoliticalSubdivision_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot conclusion_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%conclusion ?ARGUMENT ?PROPOSITION) means that the &%Proposition ?PROPOSITION is the conclusion explicitly drawn from the &%Argument ?ARGUMENT. Note that it may or may not be the case that ?ARGUMENT &%entails ?PROPOSITION.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AcommentLines ;+ (comment "The individual comment lines found in a SKIF inpout file.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot identityElement_S ;+ (comment "\"An object ?ID is the identity element for BinaryFunction ?FUNCTION just in case, for every instance ?INST, applying ?FUNCTION to ?INST and ?ID results in ?INST.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot precondition_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate. (&%precondition ?PROC1 ?PROC2) means that an instance of ?PROC2 can exist only if an instance of ?PROC1 also exists.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot relatedInternalConcept ;+ (comment "\"Means that the two arguments are related concepts within the SUMO, i.e. there is a significant similarity of meaning between them. To indicate a meaning relation between a SUMO concept and a concept from another source, use the Predicate &%relatedExternalConcept.\"") (type STRING) ;+ (inverse-slot relatedInternalConcept) ;+ (associated-facet SKIFcore4_00380) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot NumeratorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%NumeratorFn ?NUMBER) returns the numerator of the canonical reduced form ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot documentation_S ;+ (comment "\"A relation between objects in the domain of discourse and strings of natural language text. The domain of &%documentation is not constants (names), but the objects themselves. This means that one does not quote the names when associating them with their documentation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subField_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subField ?FIELD1 ?FIELD2) means that ?FIELD1 is a proper part of the &%FieldOfStudy ?FIELD2. For example, &%Physiology is a &%subField of &%Biology.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FieldOfStudy) ;+ (subslot-of subProposition_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot altitude_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%TernaryPredicate that is used to state the &%distance between the &%top of an &%Object and another point that is below the &%top of the &%Object (often this other point will be sea level). Note that this &%Predicate can be used to specify, for example, the height of geographic features, e.g. mountains, the altitude of aircraft, and the orbit of satellites around the Earth.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of distance_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot immediateInstance_S ;+ (comment "\"An object is an &%immediateInstance of a &%SetOrClass if it is an instance of the &%SetOrClass and there does not exist a subclass of &%SetOrClass such that it is an instance of the subclass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of instance_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot industryOfArea_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%industryOfArea ?AREA ?SECTOR) means that the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA produces goods or services in the economic area ?SECTOR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IndustryAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot property_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%Predicate holds between an instance of &%Entity and an instance of &%Attribute. (property ?ENTITY ?ATTR) means that ?ENTITY has the &%Attribute ?ATTR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot incomeEarned_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%incomeEarned ?Agent ?Money ?Action) means that ?Agent earned the amount of money ?Money from performing ?Action. Note that &%incomeEarned denotes that amount of money made before taxes are deducted.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IntentionalProcess) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot neighbor_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%neighbor ?PERSON1 ?PERSON2) means that ?PERSON1 is a neighbor of ?PERSON2, i.e. ?PERSON1 and ?PERSON2 have their &%homes &%Near one another.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (inverse-slot neighbor_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot CardinalityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(CardinalityFn ?CLASS) returns the number of instances in the &%SetOrClass or &%Collection ?CLASS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Number) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot agent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%agent ?PROCESS ?AGENT) means that ?AGENT is an active determinant, either animate or inanimate, of the &%Process ?PROCESS, with or without voluntary intention. For example, water is the &%agent of erosion in the following proposition: the water eroded the coastline. For another example, Eve is an &%agent in the following proposition: Eve bit an apple.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot minCardinalityAtClasses_S ;+ (comment "\"(minCardinalityAtClasses ?CLASS1 ?REL ?NUMBER ?CLASS2) means that, for any given instance ?INST1 of ?CLASS1 ?REL, there will be at least ?NUMBER instances of ?CLASS2 related to ?INST1 by the relation ?REL.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot attribute_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%attribute ?OBJECT ?PROPERTY) means that ?PROPERTY is a &%Attribute of ?OBJECT. For example, (&%attribute &%MyLittleRedWagon &%Red).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of property_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GeneralizedIntersectionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that takes a &%SetOrClass of &%Classes as its single argument and returns a &%SetOrClass which is the intersection of all of the &%Classes in the original &%SetOrClass, i.e. the &%SetOrClass containing just those instances which are instances of all instances of the original &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MaxFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MaxFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the largest of ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2. In cases where ?NUMBER1 is equal to ?NUMBER2, &%MaxFn returns one of its arguments.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot pathLength_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that specifies the length (in number of &%GraphNodes) of a &%GraphPath. (&%pathLength ?PATH ?NUMBER) means that there are ?NUMBER nodes in the &%GraphPath ?PATH.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot JudiciaryFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%JudiciaryFn ?AREA) denotes the judicial branch of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA, that is, the &%JudicialOrganization(s) associated with the government of ?AREA, considered as a whole.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes JudicialOrganization) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot leaderPosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%leaderPosition ?ORG ?ROLE) means that in the organization ?ORG, the leader is the person who holds the &%Position ?ROLE in the organization.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Position) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ImaginaryPartFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ImaginaryPartFn ?NUMBER) returns the part of ?NUMBER that has the square root of -1 as its factor.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ImaginaryNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot specifiesProcess_S ;+ (comment "\"Each type of Specification specifies a type of process, which is the realization of that specification. Thus a play or screenplay specifies a process of acting. (specifiesProcess ?SPECCLASS ?PROCCLASS) means that every instance ?PROC of ?PROCCLASS that is related to a specification by the realization relation (realization ?PROC ?SPEC) is a realization of some instance of ?SPECCLASS. This is not a necessary relation (TotalValuedRelation) because there may be specifications for processes which are never executed.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isaLocationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaLocationOf points to a location where an object (Abstract or Physical) may be located. Since this can be used of abstract objects such as abstract texts, there may be more than one location for such an object. Physical objects may have necessary locations. This is the inverse of hasLocation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractObject Physical) ;+ (inverse-slot hasLocation_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot VelocityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"Specifies the velocity of an object, i.e. the speed and the direction of the speed. For example (&%VelocityFn (&%MeasureFn 55 &%Mile) (&%MeasureFn 2 &%HourDuration) ?REFERENCE &%North) denotes the velocity of 55 miles per hour North of the given reference point ?REFERENCE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FunctionQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MinimalCutSetFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that assigns a &%Graph the &%Class of &%GraphPaths which comprise cutsets for the &%Graph and which have the least number of &%GraphArcs.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GraphPathFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%GraphNodes to the &%Class of &%GraphPaths between those two nodes. Note that the two &%GraphNodes must belong to the same &%Graph.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot member_S ;+ (comment "\"A specialized common sense notion of part for uniform parts of &%Collections. For example, each sheep in a flock of sheep would have the relationship of member to the flock.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Collection) ;+ (subslot-of part_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ListOrderFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER) denotes the item that is in the ?NUMBER position in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%ListOrderFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday) 2) would return the value &%Tuesday.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot accountHolder_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%accountHolder ?Account ?Agent) means that ?Agent is the account holder of the &%FinancialAccount ?Account.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of agreementMember_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot authors_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%authors ?AGENT ?TEXT) means that ?AGENT is creatively responsible for ?TEXT. For example, Agatha Christie is author of Murder_on_the_Orient_Express.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partition2 ;+ (comment "A &%partition of a class C is a set of mutually &%disjoint classes (a subclass partition) which covers C. Every instance of C is an instance of exactly one of the subclasses \nin the partition.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ATHING) ;+ (subslot-of partition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot dependentGeopoliticalArea_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%dependentGeopoliticalArea ?AREA1 ?AREA2) means that ?AREA1 is a geopolitical possession of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA2 and is not a &%geopoliticalSubdivision of ?AREA2. For example, (&%dependentGeopoliticalArea &%Guam &%UnitedStates), because Guam is a territory of the &%UnitedStates, not one of the fifty U.S. states. Contrast &%primaryGeopoliticalSubdivision.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot conditionalProbability_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations. &%conditionalProbability is used to state the numeric value of a conditional probability. (&%conditionalProbability ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2 ?NUMBER) means that the probability of ?FORMULA2 being true given that ?FORMULA1 is true is ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot mother_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of motherhood. (&%mother ?CHILD ?MOTHER) means that ?MOTHER is the biological mother of ?CHILD.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of parent_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot humanCapacity_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%humanCapacity ?CONSTRUCT ?NUMBER) means that the &%StationaryArtifact ?CONSTRUCT, e.g. a &%Building or a &%Room, can hold a maximum of ?NUMBER &%Humans without crowding.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot electronNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%electronNumber ?SUBSTANCE ?NUMBER) means that the &%PureSubstance ?SUBSTANCE has the number of &%Electrons ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot financialAccount_S ;+ (comment "\"A formal banking, brokerage, or business relationship established to provide for regular services, dealings, and other financial transactions. (&%accountAt ?ACCOUNT ?ORG) means that ?ACCOUNT is a financial account opened at the &%FinancialOrganization ?ORG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FinancialOrganization) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of agreementMember_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot usesLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"(usesLanguage ?EXP ?LANG) means that ?EXP is a valid expression or combination of expressions of the language ?LANG, and contains propositional content. This relation is similar to the SUMO expressedInLanguage, but the SUMO relation has physical objects as its domain 1, rather than abstract objects.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractLanguage) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot home_S ;+ (comment "\"The relation between a &%Human and a home of the &%Human.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes StationaryArtifact) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of inhabits_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot height_S ;+ (comment "\"The height of an &%Object is the distance between its &%top and its &%bottom.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of length_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot resource_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%resource ?PROCESS ?RESOURCE) means that ?RESOURCE is present at the beginning of ?PROCESS, is used by ?PROCESS, and as a consequence is changed by ?PROCESS. For example, soap is a &%resource in the following proposition: the gun was carved out of soap. Note that &%resource differs from &%instrument, another subrelation of &%patient, in that its internal or physical properties are altered in some way by the &%Process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of patient_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot expects_S ;+ (comment "\"Any belief about the future. (&%expects ?AGENT ?BELIEF) means that (&%believes ?AGENT ?BELIEF) and, if ?BELIEF happens, it will happen in the future, i.e. after the expectation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of believes_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot UnionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%SetOrClasses to the union of these &%SetOrClasses. An object is an &%element of the union of two &%SetOrClasses just in case it is an &%instance of either &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MinimalWeightedPathFn_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%BinaryFunction assigns two &%GraphNodes to the &%GraphPath with the smallest sum of weighted arcs between the two &%GraphNodes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot expressedInLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%expressedInLanguage ?EXPRESS ?LANG) means that ?EXPRESS is expressed in &%Language ?LANG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Language) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot YearFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a number to the corresponding calendar &%Year. For example, (&%YearFn 1912) returns the &%Class containing just one instance, the year of 1912. As might be expected, positive integers return years in the Common Era, while negative integers return years in B.C.E. Note that this function returns a &%Class as a value. The reason for this is that the related functions, viz. &%MonthFn, &%DayFn, &%HourFn, &%MinuteFn, and &%SecondFn, are used to generate both specific &%TimeIntervals and recurrent intervals, and the only way to do this is to make the domains and ranges of these functions classes rather than individuals.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Year) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AliteralTranscription ;+ (comment ":literalTranscription is a byte-for-byte copy of the input proposition.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot KiloFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%KiloFn &%Gram) is 1,000 &%Grams.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inhibits_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate. (&%inhibits ?PROC1 ?PROC2) means that the &%Process ?PROC1 inhibits or hinders the occurrence of the &%Process ?PROC2. For example, obstructing an object inhibits moving it. Note that this is a relation between types of &%Processes, not between instances.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot pointOfIntersection_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%pointOfIntersection ?FIGURE1 ?FIGURE2 ?POINT) means that the two straight lines ?FIGURE1 and ?FIGURE2 meet at the point ?POINT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricPoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot employs_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%employs ?ORG ?PERSON) means that ?ORG has hired ?PERSON and currently retains ?PERSON, on a salaried or contractual basis, to provide services in exchange for monetary compensation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot BackFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that maps an &%Object to the side that is opposite the &%FrontFn of the &%Object. Note that this is a partial function, since some &%Objects do not have sides, e.g. apples and spheres. Note too that the &%range of this &%Function is indefinite in much the way that &%ImmediateFutureFn and &%ImmediatePastFn are indefinite. Although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot initialList_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%initialList ?LIST1 ?LIST2) means that ?LIST1 is a &%subList of ?LIST2 and (&%ListOrderFn ?LIST1 ?NUMBER) returns the same value as (&%ListOrderFn ?LIST2 ?NUMBER) for all of the values of ?NUMBER over which (&%ListOrderFn ?LIST1 ?NUMBER) is defined.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (subslot-of subList_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain3Type ;+ (comment "The type of the fifth argument, class or instance.\n It specifies whether the first domain argument is an instance of the specified class or a subclass.\n In SUMO, this signals whether the proposition describing the domains of the relation use the relation name \"domain\" or \"domainSubclass\".") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Class Instance) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) ;+ (associated-facet UBLinv018t_00300) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3Adocumentation ;+ (comment "A relation between objects in the domain of discourse and strings of natural language text. The domain of &%documentation is not constants (names), but the objects themselves. This means that one does not quote the names when associating them with their documentation.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot links_S ;+ (comment "\"a &%TernaryPredicate that specifies the &%GraphArc connecting two &%GraphNodes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphArc) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot electionWinner_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%electionWinner ?ELECTION ?POSITION ?CONTENDER) means that in the &%Election ?ELECTION, ?POSITION was won by the &%Agent ?CONTENDER. Contenders may be either persons or political parties.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (subslot-of candidateForPosition_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAbstractContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractContent relates a physical object haing information content to the abstract entity that the physical object represents. This differs from the SUMO containsInformation' only in that the SUMO relation has Proposition as its domain 2 and this relation has AbstractInformationalEntity, which is not necessarily a Proposition, e.g. it could be an AbstractString.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) ;+ (inverse-slot isAbstractContentOf_S) ;+ (subslot-of isReferencedBy_S) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAttributeInstance_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAttributeInstance is used to assert that every member of a particular class of entities necessarily has a specific attribute.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot customer_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general relation that exists whenever there is a &%CommercialService between an &%Agent and an &%Organization. (&%customer ?AGENT ?ORG) means that ?AGENT is a customer of the &%Corporation ?ORG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Corporation) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot parallel_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%parallel ?LINE1 ?LINE2) means that the &%OneDimensionalFigures ?LINE1 and ?LINE2 are parallel to one another, i.e. they are equidistant from one another at every point.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes OneDimensionalFigure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ImmediatePastFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to a short, indeterminate &%TimeInterval that immediately precedes the &%TimePosition.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PicoFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000000000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%PicoFn &%Ampere) is .000000000001 &%Amperes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot BeginFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimeInterval to the &%TimePoint at which the interval begins.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AUBL-SLOT "A UBL-SLOT has a text field to record axioms involving that relation." (is-a %3ASTANDARD-SLOT) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ADomain1Type ;+ (comment "Specifies whether the first domain argumenbt is an instance of the specified class or a subclass.") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Instance Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ASUO-name ;+ (comment "The :SUO-name is the name of an instance that is used for display. This is an important element of the ontology as it permits the assignment of instances to multiple classes, a tactic forbidden by the Protege program, which requires that all frame names be unique.\n Thus, if an instance of any concept has a :SUO-name, that name is the one that will appear in \"instance\" propositions that are exported to a KIF data file.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot disjointRelation ;+ (comment "\"This predicate relates any number of &%Relations. (&%disjointRelation @ROW) means that any two relations in @ROW have no tuples in common. As a consequence, the intersection of all of the relations in @ROW is the null set.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-SLOT) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3ArelationAllExists ;+ (comment "(:relationAllExists ?REL ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that every instance of ?CLASS1 is related to some instance of ?CLASS2 by the ?REL relation. The name was taken from the CYC rule macro predicate.") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisRestrictedTo ;+ (comment ":isRestrictedTo allows one to specify that a relation’s values may be restricted when that relation is applied to some subclass of the original domain 1. This can help to make the relation more clear, and may limit the range of necessary inferences. Such restrictions are realized in Protege by modifying the allowed class of a value of a relation at the level of some particular class which is a subclass of the higher-level class on which the relation is defined. This provision in Protege distinguishes between the top-level definition of a slot and its application at lower levels.") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AidenticalTo ;+ (comment ":identicalTo points to other concepts within the ontology that are intended to be the same as the base concept. This is a way to work around the Protege restriction that no frame can be an instanceof more than one class, and no Slot can also be an instance, and no instance can also be a class.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AAXIOMS ;+ (comment "Axioms from SUMO or other sources, constraining the meaning of the slot.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisaSubrelationOf ;+ (comment ":isaSubrelationOf points from a slot to the parent relation, if any.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot relatedInternalConcept ;+ (comment "SUMO - 155") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3ASYNONYMS ;+ (comment "A list of synonyms in natural or formal languages for the concept represetned by this class.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ASynonym) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3ATernarySlot "A slot that has three arguments. It is implemented here by adding a slot to this class, Arg3. This slot can only take one class value. Other workarounds can be used to represent higher-arity relatrions, but at the expense of greater complexity in viewing the relations." (is-a %3AUBL-SLOT) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ADomain2Value ;+ (comment "The instance value for the third argument of a higher-arity relation. It is an instance of :Arg3Value.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain1Type ;+ (comment "Specifies whether the first domain argumenbt is an instance of the specified class or a subclass.") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Instance Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain2Type ;+ (comment "Specifies whether the argument is an instance of the indicated class or a subclass.") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Instance Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain2Class ;+ (comment "THe third argument of a higher-arity relation") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AQuaternarySlot "A slot that has four arguments. It is implemented here by adding a slot,, Arg4, to the ternarySlot class. This slot can only take a fixed class value, and only serves to record the clas restriciton, it canot be used to instantiate the relation. Other workarounds can be used to better represent higher-arity relatrions, but at the expense of greater complexity in viewing the relations." (is-a %3ATernarySlot) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ADomain3Value ;+ (comment "The instance value for the fourth argument of a higher-arity slot.\nIt is an instance of :Arg4Class") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain3Type ;+ (comment "The type of the argument, class or instance") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Class Instance) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain3Class ;+ (comment "The fourth argument of a quaternary or higher-arity slot. Thisis the class of which the value is an instance.") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AQuintarySlot (is-a %3AQuaternarySlot) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ADomain4Type ;+ (comment "The type of the fifth argument, class or instance.") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Class Instance) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain4Class ;+ (comment "The class of the fifth argument") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ADomain4Value ;+ (comment "The value of the fifth argument") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AVariableAritySlot "A variable arity slot is one that has the row variable @ROW as one of its arguments. @ROW is a stand-in for any numbe of arguments of any type." (is-a %3AUBL-SLOT) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AUNARY-RELATION "A unary relation is rare in SUMO. This slot metaclass was created to hold the logical operator 'not' in a way that is consistent with other slots." (is-a %3ASTANDARD-SLOT) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ADomain1Type ;+ (comment "Specifies whether the first domain argument is an instance of the specified class or a subclass.\n In SUMO, this signals whether the proposition describing the domains of the relation use the relation name \"domain\" or \"domainSubclass\".") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values Instance Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ASUO-name ;+ (comment "The :SUO-name is the name of an instance that is used for display. This is an important element of the ontology as it permits the assignment of instances to multiple classes, a tactic forbidden by the Protege program, which requires that all frame names be unique.\n Thus, if an instance of any concept has a :SUO-name, that name is the one that will appear in \"instance\" propositions that are exported to a KIF data file.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AAXIOMS ;+ (comment "Axioms from SUMO or other sources, constraining the meaning of the slot.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AidenticalTo ;+ (comment ":identicalTo points to other concepts within the ontology that are intended to be the same as the base concept. This is a way to work around the Protege restriction that no frame can be an instanceof more than one class, and no Slot can also be an instance, and no instance can also be a class.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AUBL-AXIOM "A :UBL-AXIOM is a :PAL-CONSTRAINT to which the additional slots :isInModule and\n:LOAD-SEQUENCE have been added." (is-a %3APAL-CONSTRAINT) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AKIF-AXIOM "This class contains axioms added to the base SKIFcore ontology to enable perspicuous representation of KIF entities in Protege" (is-a %3APAL-CONSTRAINT) (role concrete)) (defclass InheritableRelation "\"This is a &%Class of &%Classes. Each &%instance of &%InheritableRelation is a &%subclass of &%Relation whose properties can be inherited downward in the class hierarchy via the &%subrelation &%Predicate.\"" (is-a %3ARELATION) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AidenticalTo ;+ (comment ":identicalTo points to other concepts within the ontology that are intended to be the same as the base concept. This is a way to work around the Protege restriction that no frame can be an instanceof more than one class, and no Slot can also be an instance, and no instance can also be a class.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3Adocumentation ;+ (comment "A relation between objects in the domain of discourse and strings of natural language text. The domain of &%documentation is not constants (names), but the objects themselves. This means that one does not quote the names when associating them with their documentation.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass IntentionalRelation (is-a %3ARELATION) (role concrete)) (defclass ObjectAttitude "The &%Class of &%IntentionalRelations where the &%Agent has awareness of an instance of &%Physical." (is-a IntentionalRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AKIFentity ":KIFentity holds the classes that are\nrequired to import a KIF ontology\nusing the KIF-utilities tab. These classes may have any of several functions.\n METADATA: data such as comment lines from an original input file (or comment lines that a user wants to export to an output file) are stored in :SKIFdocs to allow re-creation as best as possible of the structure an information in the original SKIF file.\n PROPOSITIONS: propositions which are not directly visualized as Protege data structures can be created or stored as instances of the :SUMOProposition class. Assertions about real-world objects and events can be stored as instances of the :Assertion class.\n Last edit November 8, 2003" (is-a %3ASYSTEM-CLASS) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ASUO-name ;+ (comment "The :SUO-name is the name of an instance that is used for display. This is an important element of the ontology as it permits the assignment of instances to multiple classes, a tactic forbidden by the Protege program, which requires that all frame names be unique.\n Thus, if an instance of any concept has a :SUO-name, that name is the one that will appear in \"instance\" propositions that are exported to a KIF data file.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3Adocumentation ;+ (comment "A relation between objects in the domain of discourse and strings of natural language text. The domain of &%documentation is not constants (names), but the objects themselves. This means that one does not quote the names when associating them with their documentation.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3ASynonym "A Synonym is a word which labels the same concept as some other word.\nThis is used in the UBL-invoice ontology as an Own-Slot on classes, to allow classes to have multiple labels." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete) (single-slot %3AhasFrequency ;+ (comment "The frequency is the fraction of the time that this term refers to the labeled concept. The sum of frequencies onthis list may exceed 1.0, because this is not the freuency with which this concepot is labeled by this term, but the inverse.") (type FLOAT) (range 0.0 1.0) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AinLanguage ;+ (comment "inLanguage relates a word -- a string of characters -- to the language in which it is a word.\nThe language may be natural or artificial -- e.g. the terms in an ontology are considered a language for this purpose.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AHumanLanguage) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasUsage ;+ (comment "This relation records the usage for a synonymous word: one of a list of possibilities.") (type SYMBOL) (allowed-values preferred deprecated technical slang) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AsynonymousTerm ;+ (comment "A string serving as a synonym for the class label.\n The value of the relation :synonymousTerm is a string of characters used as a label for the concept which is represented by the class which has that :Synonym pointed to by the :hasSynonym slot.\n Technically, :synonymousTerm is a slot of the class :Synonym. Instances of the class :Syonym are the values of the relation :SYNONYMS, which is an own slot of the class :SYN-CLASS.\n") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AisaSynonymOf ;+ (comment "The reverse pointer from an instance of :Synonym to the concept of which it is a synonym.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3AUBL-SLOT) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AUBL-Synonym ":UBL-Synonym is the class containing instances of UBLK terms which will have pointers to corresponding terms in the ontology." (is-a %3ASynonym) (role concrete)) (defclass %3ASetOrClass "SUO 1.55: July 14, 2003\nThe &%SetOrClass of &%Sets and &%Classes, i.e. any instance \nof &%Abstract that has &%elements or &%instances." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete) (multislot disjoint ;+ (comment "&%Classes are &%disjoint only if they share no instances, i.e. just in case the result of applying &%IntersectionFn to them is empty.\n") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ASetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3ASet "SUO 1.55: July 14, 2003\nA &%SetOrClass that satisfies extensionality as well as\nother constraints specified by some choice of set theory. &%Sets differ\nfrom &%Classes in two important respects. First, &%Sets are extensional -\ntwo &%Sets with the same &%elements are identical. Second, a &%Set can be\nan arbitrary stock of objects. That is, there is no requirement that &%Sets\nhave an associated condition that determines their membership. Note that &%Sets\nare not assumed to be unique sets, i.e. &%elements of a &%Set may occur more\nthan once in the &%Set." (is-a %3ASetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AOrderedSet "An ordered set is one with an ordering relation between the members" (is-a %3ASet) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AUBL-CLASS "A UBL-CLASS will be used as the parent metaclass for concepts within the UBL-invoice series of ontologies. It will have at least one added facet, ':isInModule', which specifies the module within which the class was imported from an SKIF-format file. It will be used as a guide to where to put the class block in the exported file." (is-a %3ASTANDARD-CLASS %3ASetOrClass) (role concrete) (multislot disjointDecomposition ;+ (comment "A &%disjointDecomposition of a &%Class C is a set of subclasses of C that are mutually &%disjoint.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot relatedExternalConcept ;+ (comment "\"Used to signify a three-place relation between a concept in an external knowledge source, a concept in the SUMO, and the name of the other knowledge source.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AidenticalTo ;+ (comment ":identicalTo points to other concepts within the ontology that are intended to be the same as the base concept. This is a way to work around the Protege restriction that no frame can be an instanceof more than one class, and no Slot can also be an instance, and no instance can also be a class.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot synonymousExternalConcept_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%synonymousExternalConcept ?STRING ?THING ?LANGUAGE) means that the SUMO concept ?THING has the same meaning as ?STRING in ?LANGUAGE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ALanguage) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AhasRestrictedVal ;+ (comment ":hasRestrictedVal is the companion slot to :isRestrictedTo, with args 1 and 2 reversed, so that it is displayed in the class window for arg2.") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot subsumedExternalConcept_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subsumedExternalConcept ?STRING ?THING ?LANGUAGE) means that the SUMO concept ?THING is subsumed by the meaning of ?STRING in ?LANGUAGE, i.e. the concept ?THING is narrower in meaning than ?STRING.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ALanguage) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasDefaultValue ;+ (comment "\"(:hasDefaultValue ?REL ?CLASS ?VAL) is used to specify that, for every instance of a particular class, the value of the relation ?REL for every instance of class ?CLASS is ?VAL, unless it is overridden by an explicit assignment of the value. In Protege, such overrides can be accomplished by simply changing the value of the instance. For the SKIF files, we need an explicit override relation so that the condition for using the default can be described logically rather than programmatically. The override can be accomplished by using :hasDefaultValue with the subclass as argument, or, if one wants an override that cannot itself be overridden, the relation used is ':hasClassValue'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AClassPredicates ;+ (comment ":ClassPredicates shows the list of predicates which are asserted on a class but do not have their own facet pane in the class display window. They are given as strings and do not directly point to the classes or instances whjich may be values of the predicate arguments.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasClassValue ;+ (comment "(:hasClassValue ?CLASS ?REL ?ENT) is used to assert that every instance of class ?CLASS is related by relation ?REL to some instance ?ENT. The parent class of instance ?ENT must be a subclass of an allowed class for the values of relation ?REL.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot subsumingExternalConcept_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subsumingExternalConcept ?STRING ?THING ?LANGUAGE) means that the SUMO concept ?THING subsumes the meaning of ?STRING in ?LANGUAGE, i.e. the concept ?THING is broader in meaning than ?STRING.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ALanguage) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot relatedInternalConcept ;+ (comment "SUMO - 155") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partition ;+ (comment "A &%partition of a class C is a set of mutually &%disjoint classes (a subclass partition) which covers C. Every instance of C is an instance of exactly one of the subclasses \nin the partition.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partition2 ;+ (comment "A &%partition of a class C is a set of mutually &%disjoint classes (a subclass partition) which covers C. Every instance of C is an instance of exactly one of the subclasses \nin the partition.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ATHING) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3ASYN-CLASS ":SYN-CLASS is a :UBL-CLASS which has a synonym slot." (is-a %3AUBL-CLASS) (role concrete) (multislot %3ASYNONYMS ;+ (comment "A list of synonyms in natural or formal languages for the concept represetned by this class.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ASynonym) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AClass "SUO 1.55: July 14, 2003\n&%Classes differ from &%Sets in three important respects. \nFirst, &%Classes are not assumed to be extensional. That is, distinct \n&%Classes might well have exactly the same instances. Second, &%Classes typically \nhave an associated `condition' that determines the instances of the &%Class. So, \nfor example, the condition `human' determines the &%Class of &%Humans. Note that \nsome &%Classes might satisfy their own condition (e.g., the &%Class of &%Abstract \nthings is &%Abstract) and hence be instances of themselves. Third, the instances \nof a class may occur only once within the class, i.e. a class cannot contain \nduplicate instances." (is-a %3ASetOrClass %3AUBL-CLASS) (role concrete) (single-slot disjointDecomposition ;+ (comment "A &%disjointDecomposition of a &%Class C is a set of subclasses of C that are mutually &%disjoint.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ASetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot partition ;+ (comment "A &%partition of a class C is a set of \nmutually &%disjoint classes (a subclass partition) which covers C. \nEvery instance of C is an instance of exactly one of the subclasses \nin the partition.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ASetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3ALanguage "SUO 1.55: July 14, 2003\nA system of signs for expressing thought. The\nsystem can be either natural or artificial, i.e. something that emerges\ngradually as a cultural artifact or something that is intentionally created\nby a person or group of people." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AHumanLanguage "SUO 1.55: July 14, 2003\nThe &%subclass of &%Languages used by\n&%Humans." (is-a %3ALanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AConstructedLanguage "SUO 1.55: July 14, 2003\nAn &%ConstructedLanguage is a\n&%HumanLanguage that did not evolve spontaneously within a language\ncommunity, but rather had its core grammar and vocabulary invented by\none or more language experts, often with an aim to produce a more\ngrammatically regular language than any language that has evolved\nnaturally. This &%Class includes languages like Esperanto that were\ncreated to facilitate international communication" (is-a %3AHumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass %3ANaturalLanguage "SUO 1.55: July 14, 2003\nThe &%subclass of &%HumanLanguages which\nare not designed and which evolve from generation to generation. This\n&%Class includes all of the national languages, e.g. English, Spanish,\nJapanese, etc. Note that this class includes dialects of natural\nlanguages." (is-a %3AHumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AList "SUO 1.55: July 14, 2003\nEvery &%List is a particular ordered n-tuple of items. Generally speaking, &%Lists are created by means of the &%ListFn \n&%Function, which takes any number of items as arguments and returns a \n&%List with the items in the same order. Anything, including other \n&%Lists, may be an item in a &%List. Note too that &%Lists are extensional - two lists that have the same items in the same order are identical. Note too that a &%List may contain no items. In that case, \nthe &%List is the &%NullList." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AStringList "A StringList is a list of AbstractStrings." (is-a %3AList) (role concrete)) (defclass %3ACodeList "A CodeList is a list containing the usable code strings identified as part of thelist by some code-creating authority. This is used for official business and electronic transactions, among other things." (is-a %3AStringList) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AProtegeSymbolList "A ProtegeSymbolList is a duplicate way of encoding the \"Symbol\" values for the slots in Protege. It is used for exporting and importing from the KIF format." (is-a %3ACodeList) (role concrete)) (defclass %3AModule "A Module is a subset of the concepts, relations, and axioms which form a part of a topic or ontology.\n For UBL, the modulesof the SUMO ontology form the initial set of modules which are instances of this concept." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete) (single-slot %3AinputFile ;+ (comment ":inputFile is the name of the file from which a particular module was derived.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ASUO-name ;+ (comment "The :SUO-name is the name of an instance that is used for display. This is an important element of the ontology as it permits the assignment of instances to multiple classes, a tactic forbidden by the Protege program, which requires that all frame names be unique.\n Thus, if an instance of any concept has a :SUO-name, that name is the one that will appear in \"instance\" propositions that are exported to a KIF data file.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AStartingBlock ;+ (comment "The block number fot the block ich starts this module - which should be the module definition block itself.") (type INTEGER) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AAbstractString "An AbstractString is an abstraction of a linear series of characters -- printable or control codes -- in some language. It may have many representations in physical objects of different fonts, colors, shapes." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ASUO-name ;+ (comment "The :SUO-name is the name of an instance that is used for display. This is an important element of the ontology as it permits the assignment of instances to multiple classes, a tactic forbidden by the Protege program, which requires that all frame names be unique.\n Thus, if an instance of any concept has a :SUO-name, that name is the one that will appear in \"instance\" propositions that are exported to a KIF data file.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AGroup "A :Group is an aggregate of two or more entities that is not a mathematical set" (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete)) (defclass %3ASUMOProposition "A :SUMOProposition is a proposition imported from the SUMO KIF-format ontology. It is recorded in two forms:\n(1) byte-for-byte copying\n Examples are:\n (disjoint Physical Abstract)\n (partition Entity Physical Abstract)\n(2) argument ordering\n The top-level arguments are broken out\ninto a list. The first example would be:\n\ndisjoint\nPhysical\nAbstract\n\n Where existence of such propositions in an ontology is known in advance, we can create a special slot on the :UBL-CLASS to handle it. But in the general case, we may not know ahead of time precisely how it is best visualized in Protege. We therefore merely record such propositions containing previously unknown relations in SUMO as instances of a \":SUMOProposition\". The user may decide whether and how to change the presentation of such relations.\n" (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ASUO-name ;+ (comment "The :SUO-name is the name of an instance that is used for display. This is an important element of the ontology as it permits the assignment of instances to multiple classes, a tactic forbidden by the Protege program, which requires that all frame names be unique.\n Thus, if an instance of any concept has a :SUO-name, that name is the one that will appear in \"instance\" propositions that are exported to a KIF data file.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AliteralTranscription ;+ (comment ":literalTranscription is a byte-for-byte copy of the input proposition.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AargumentList ;+ (comment "The :argumentList is the list of top-level arguments (not breaking parenthesized arguments such as functions into their components)\n") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AUnclassifiedProposition "An :UnclassifiedProposition is a proposition that is not recorded in other data structures in the Protege ontology. In the original SUMO file there were several such cases, but in general this can be used to hold instances of assertions of any kind that relate to instances of concepts, rather than being terminological relations on the concepts themselves.\n Propositions that relate to physical objects, events, states, or processes should be recorded as instances of :Assertion. Necessarily true propositions about abstract things, such as that a Euclidean triangle has a total of 180 degrees in its internal angles, can be instances of this metaclass." (is-a %3ASUMOProposition) (role concrete) (multislot %3AuncInstList ;+ (comment "The insatance(s) created from an instance block, saved for convenience in later procesing of unclassified instance propositions.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AblockLineNumber ;+ (comment "The :blockLineNumber of a comment or unrecognized predicate is its location within the block where it occurs in a SKIF input file.") (type INTEGER) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AAssertion "An :Assertion is any proposition intended to state a fact regarding specific objects, events, states, or processes in the real-world, rather than regarding conceptual relations or the structure of this ontology.\n Such assertions must have a specification of the time period during which the assertion asserted to be true, even if that time period is unknown or holds for all time." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AliteralTranscription ;+ (comment ":literalTranscription is a byte-for-byte copy of the input proposition.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AargumentList ;+ (comment "The :argumentList is the list of top-level arguments (not breaking parenthesized arguments such as functions into their components)\n") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AClassPreds "This class is used to store predicates occurring in subclass blocks which are not handled by the 'addClassToArray' method. The values of such predicates may be instances or classes." (is-a %3AAssertion) (role concrete)) (defclass %3ARow "A :Row is an :OrderedSet that may contain classes, instances, or relations. It is used as an argument (specifically, domain2) in VariableArity relations." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete)) (defclass %3ASKIFdocs ":SKIFdocs are the documentation lines from an original SKIF file which was imported.\nAdditional documentation for export may be created in the Protege environment, and if given a module name or :LOAD-SEQUENCE, it will be placed ina specific locationin the ecported file." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AcommentLines ;+ (comment "The individual comment lines found in a SKIF inpout file.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AEmbeddedComment "An :EmbeddedComment is a comment line that occurs within a normal class or instance block of an input SKIF file. We record the line and also its line number within the block, so as to be able to reproduce the input file as closely as feasible when the Protege knowledge base is re-exported into SKIF format." (is-a %3ASKIFdocs) (role concrete) (single-slot %3AblockLineNumber ;+ (comment "The :blockLineNumber of a comment or unrecognized predicate is its location within the block where it occurs in a SKIF input file.") (type INTEGER) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %3AFunctionTerm ":FunctionTerm is the class of restricted terms that have a defined function in the ontology." (is-a %3AKIFentity) (role concrete)) (defclass Entity "SKIFcore\n This is the base ontology required to import SKIF format ontology files into Protege using the SkifTab plug-in.\n Last modification Feb 18, 2004, for samin007.txt.\n Provision is made to add\nSUMO axioms as PAL-CONSTRAINTS.\n Top node is \"Entity\" -- all instances of any class are an instance of this class. \n This file is designed to allow visualization of the UBL-Invoice ontology, an ontology under constriction, derived from SUMO 1.56 with additional classes and relations being added by members of the Ontolog business ontology development group.\n\nCOnversion note: Converted SUMO 1.55 from the Merge-Txt file on Teknowledge's site.\nTernary predicates have the second argument as :Domain2Class.,and the third argument as the Value.\n Binary Functions have the second argument as :Domain2Class and the range as the Value.\n\nFor most **instances** of the relations defined in the SUMO file, only one class is listed as the parent class. Additional parent classes were not transcribed." (is-a USER) (role concrete) (single-slot immediateInstance_S ;+ (comment "\"An object is an &%immediateInstance of a &%SetOrClass if it is an instance of the &%SetOrClass and there does not exist a subclass of &%SetOrClass such that it is an instance of the subclass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot property_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%Predicate holds between an instance of &%Entity and an instance of &%Attribute. (property ?ENTITY ?ATTR) means that ?ENTITY has the &%Attribute ?ATTR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ALOAD-SEQUENCE ;+ (comment "LOAD-SEQUENCE is a convenience slot which specifies the sequence in which a logically related block of predicates (or an axiom) was loaded from the input KIF-format file. The sole function is to allow recreation of the original sequence of statements for the convenience of the ontologist. A value of 0 is default for newly created concepts.") (type INTEGER) (range 0 %3FVARIABLE) (default 0) ;+ (cardinality 1 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot element_S ;+ (comment "\"(element ?ENTITY ?SET) is true just in case ?ENTITY is contained in the &%Set ?SET. An &%Entity can be an &%element of another &%Entity only if the latter is a &%Set.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Set) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3ASUO-name ;+ (comment "The :SUO-name is the name of an instance that is used for display. This is an important element of the ontology as it permits the assignment of instances to multiple classes, a tactic forbidden by the Protege program, which requires that all frame names be unique.\n Thus, if an instance of any concept has a :SUO-name, that name is the one that will appear in \"instance\" propositions that are exported to a KIF data file.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot minCardinalityAtClasses_S ;+ (comment "\"(minCardinalityAtClasses ?CLASS1 ?REL ?NUMBER ?CLASS2) means that, for any given instance ?INST1 of ?CLASS1 ?REL, there will be at least ?NUMBER instances of ?CLASS2 related to ?INST1 by the relation ?REL.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isReferencedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isReferencedBy relates any entity to an AbstractInformationalEntity (such as an Abstract Text) that represents the entity in some way. This is the inverse of relation 'hasReferent'. Thus a physical cat may be represented by the AbstractString 'c-a-t'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractInformationalEntity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasComponentList_S ;+ (comment "\"hasComponentList specifies a list of entity classes which may or may not be present as components of the whole entity. The list must be an exhaustive list, but it can contain an 'other' category. Every instance of the first argument must have at least one proper part which is an instance of one of the classes in the Component List\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ComponentList) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AisInModule ;+ (comment ":IsInModule is a slot that attaches to both :UBL-SLOT and :UBL-CLASS.\nIt is used to organize the concepts in related groupings. Initially, the modules specified will be those of the SUMO ontology.\n we allow a concpet to be inmore than one module, but in order to reproduce the structure of a particular KIF file, only one module should be specified.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AModule) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot holds_S ;+ (comment "\"(holds P N1 ... NK) is true just in case the tuple of objects denoted by N1,..., NK is an element of the &%Relation P.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAbstractName_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractName relates an instance of an entity to an abstract string of linguistic characters used to reference the entity in linguistic communication. This is closely related to hasName, the value of which is a SymbolicString (a physical object) as domain 2. This is not the inverse of the SUMO relation 'names', since the SUMO relation has a physical object as domain 1. The hasAbstractName relation is not a necessary relation since not every entity is named by a AbstractString and not every AbstractString is the label for an entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasProperPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasProperPart ?WHOLE ?PART) specifies that ?Part is a part of ?WHOLE and there is some other entity that is also a part of ?WHOLE. If a ?WHOLE is located somewhere, the ?PART is also located there. The manner of connection of the ?PART to the other parts of the ?WHOLE is unspecified. This is required to specify parts of entities other than physical objects, as the SUMO 'part' relations have 'Object' as their argument 1.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ListFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that takes any number of arguments and returns the &%List containing those arguments in exactly the same order.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot equal_S ;+ (comment "\"(equal ?ENTITY1 ?ENTITY2) is true just in case ?ENTITY1 is identical with ?ENTITY2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AidenticalTo ;+ (comment ":identicalTo points to other concepts within the ontology that are intended to be the same as the base concept. This is a way to work around the Protege restriction that no frame can be an instanceof more than one class, and no Slot can also be an instance, and no instance can also be a class.") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot necessarily_S ;+ (comment "\"This is the inverse of :relationAllExists. (necessarily ?CLASS1 ?REL ?CLASS2) means that every instance of ?CLASS1 is related to some instance of ?CLASS2 by the ?REL relation.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inList_S ;+ (comment "\"The analog of &%element and &%instance for &%Lists. (&%inList ?OBJ ?LIST) means that ?OBJ is in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%inList &%Tuesday (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would be true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AAXIOMS ;+ (comment "Axioms from SUMO or other sources, constraining the meaning of the slot.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3AInstanceAssertions ;+ (comment "assertions at the instance level that reference this instance.") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AAssertion) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3Adocumentation ;+ (comment "A relation between objects in the domain of discourse and strings of natural language text. The domain of &%documentation is not constants (names), but the objects themselves. This means that one does not quote the names when associating them with their documentation.") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isMaintainedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isMaintainedBy is used to assert that a particular instance of an entity can be modified in some way, and specifies the agent who has the authority or responsibility to do the modifying. In this relation, the method of modifying is unspecified. The entity maintained can be physical, such as a building maintained by its owner or manager, or an AbstractCode, maintained by a StandardsAuthority. In the general case, there may be more than one maintaining agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasOptionalPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasOptionalPart ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that there is some instance of ?CLASS1 which has a part which is an instance of ?CLASS2. More informally, this relation may be stated 'instances of CLASS1 may have an instance of CLASS 2 as a part'. Note that not every subclass of CLASS1 will necessarily have instances with parts of type CLASS2. A car manufacturer may sell a line of 'Belcher' autos with GPS as an optional part. But the 'Belcher' (a subclass of Belcher) may not have that part as an option. Thus it is true that (hasOptionalPart Belcher GPS) but it is not true that (hasOptionalPart BelcherQQ GPS). Thus the relation is not an InheritableClassRelation. If there are subclasses of Belcher that have optional GPS, that assertion must be made on that subclass explicitly.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAttributeInstance_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAttributeInstance is used to assert that every member of a particular class of entities necessarily has a specific attribute.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot %3AhasValueClass ;+ (comment ":hasValueClass is an inverse of :hasClassValue. It specifies that a certain value always holds in a certain relation on a particular class, but the relation has a different polarity from the relations similarly restricted with :hasClassValue.") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot relatedInternalConcept ;+ (comment "SUMO - 155") (type STRING) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasName_S ;+ (comment "\"hasName relates an instance of an entity to a string of linguistic characters used to reference the entity in linguistic communication. This is the inverse of the SUMO relation 'names', added to allow more flexible representation in Protege. The hasName relation is not a necessary relation since not every entity is named by a SymbolicString and not every SymbolicString is the label for an entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot documentation_S ;+ (comment "\"A relation between objects in the domain of discourse and strings of natural language text. The domain of &%documentation is not constants (names), but the objects themselves. This means that one does not quote the names when associating them with their documentation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot instance_S ;+ (comment "\"An object is an &%instance of a &%SetOrClass if it is included in that &%SetOrClass. An individual may be an instance of many classes, some of which may be subclasses of others. Thus, there is no assumption in the meaning of &%instance about specificity or uniqueness.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasUniqueIdentifier_S ;+ (comment "\"hasUniqueIdentifier specifies the name of some entity which is unigue on some list of unique identifiers. The list must be specified, otherwise there is no guarantee that the same identifier is not also used to label some completely different entity. The IdentifierList is a UniqueList, i.e. the Identifier only occurs once as a term on that list. Each term \"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Identifier) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasNecessaryPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasNecessaryPart ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that every instance of ?CLASS1 has a part which is an instance of ?CLASS2. Since this is an InheritableClassRelation, then it is true of every instance of every subclass of ?CLASS1 that each such instance also has a part which is an instance of ?CLASS2. See hasOptionalPart for an alternative part relation.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Physical "An entity that has a location in space-time. Note that locations are themselves understood to have a location in space-time." (is-a Entity) (role concrete) (multislot hasPurposeForAgent_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses a cognitive attitude of an agent with respect to a particular instance of Physical. More precisely, (&%hasPurposeForAgent ?THING ?FORMULA ?AGENT) means that the purpose of ?THING for ?AGENT is the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA. Very complex issues are involved here. In particular, the rules of inference of the first order predicate calculus are not truth-preserving for the second argument position of this &%Predicate.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot represents_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general semiotics &%Predicate. (&%represents ?THING ?ENTITY) means that ?THING in some way indicates, expresses, connotes, pictures, describes, etc. ?ENTITY. The &%Predicates &%containsInformation and &%realization are subrelations of &%represents. Note that &%represents is a subrelation of &%refers, since something can represent something else only if it refers to this other thing. See the documentation string for &%names.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot date_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that specifies a &%TimePosition in absolute calendar time, at the resolution of one day, for a particular &%Object or &%Process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Day) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot WhereFn_S ;+ (comment "\"Maps an &%Object and a &%TimePoint at which the &%Object exists to the &%Region where the &%Object existed at that &%TimePoint.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Region) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasPurpose_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%Predicate expresses the concept of a conventional goal, i.e. a goal with a neutralized agent's intention. Accordingly, (&%hasPurpose ?THING ?FORMULA) means that the instance of &%Physical ?THING has, as its purpose, the &%Proposition expressed by ?FORMULA. Note that there is an important difference in meaning between the &%Predicates &%hasPurpose and &%result. Although the second argument of the latter can satisfy the second argument of the former, a conventional goal is an expected and desired outcome, while a result may be neither expected nor desired. For example, a machine process may have outcomes but no goals, aimless wandering may have an outcome but no goal; a learning process may have goals with no outcomes, and so on.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot createdBy_S ;+ (comment "\"createdBy is used to assert that a particular instance of an entity was created in an action which has a particular agent as its main actor. In this relation, the event itself is unspecified.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot WhenFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Object or &%Process to the exact &%TimeInterval during which it exists. Note that, for every &%TimePoint ?TIME outside of the &%TimeInterval (WhenFn ?THING), (time ?THING ?TIME) does not hold.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot cooccur_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%cooccur ?THING1 ?THING2) means that the &%Object or &%Process ?THING1 occurs at the same time as, together with, or jointly with the &%Object or &%Process ?THING2. This covers the following temporal relations: is co-incident with, is concurrent with, is contemporaneous with, and is concomitant with.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot depth_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%TernaryPredicate that is used to state the &%distance between the &%top of an &%Object and another point that is above the &%top of the &%Object (often this other point will be sea level). Note that this &%Predicate can be used to specify, for example, the depth of marine life or submarines, for example.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasMentalRepresentation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a Physical Entity and the MentalEntity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes MentalEntity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot refers_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%refers ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 mentions or includes a reference to ?OBJ2. Note that &%refers is more general in meaning than &%represents, because presumably something can represent something else only if it refers to this other thing. For example, an article whose topic is a recent change in the price of oil may refer to many other things, e.g. the general state of the economy, the weather in California, the prospect of global warming, the options for alternative energy sources, the stock prices of various oil companies, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot located_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%located ?PHYS ?OBJ) means that ?PHYS is &%partlyLocated at ?OBJ, and there is no &%part or &%subProcess of ?PHYS that is not &%located at ?OBJ.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot time_S ;+ (comment "\"This relation holds between an instance of &%Physical and an instance of &%TimePosition just in case the temporal lifespan of the former includes the latter. The constants &%located and &%time are the basic spatial and temporal predicates, respectively.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Location) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partlyLocated_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%partlyLocated ?THING ?OBJ) means that the instance of &%Physical ?THING is at least partially located at ?OBJ. For example, Istanbul is partly located in Asia and partly located in Europe. Note that &%partlyLocated is the most basic localization relation: &%located is an immediate &%subrelation of &%partlyLocated and &%exactlyLocated is an immediate &%subrelation of &%located.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot distance_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%distance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?QUANT) means that the shortest distance between the two objects ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 is ?QUANT. Note that the difference between the predicates &%length and &%distance is that the &%length is used to state the &%LengthMeasure of one of the dimensions of a single object, while &%distance is used to state the &%LengthMeasure that separates two distinct objects.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot representsForAgent_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general predicate. (&%representsForAgent ?THING ?ENTITY ?AGENT) means that the ?AGENT chooses to use the &%instance of &%Physical ?THING to 'stand for' ?ENTITY.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot exactlyLocated_S ;+ (comment "\"The actual, minimal location of an Object. This is a subrelation of the more general &%Predicate &%located.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot altitude_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%TernaryPredicate that is used to state the &%distance between the &%top of an &%Object and another point that is below the &%top of the &%Object (often this other point will be sea level). Note that this &%Predicate can be used to specify, for example, the height of geographic features, e.g. mountains, the altitude of aircraft, and the orbit of satellites around the Earth.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasCreationTime_S ;+ (comment "\"hasCreationTime specifies a time position when an entity came into existence. The entity must be physical.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Object "Corresponds roughly to the class of ordinary objects. Examples include normal physical objects, geographical regions, and locations of &%Processes, the complement of &%Objects in the &%Physical class. In a 4D ontology, an &%Object is something whose spatiotemporal extent is thought of as dividing into spatial parts roughly parallel to the time-axis." (is-a Physical) (role concrete) (multislot connected_S ;+ (comment "\"(connected ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 &%meetsSpatially ?OBJ2 or that ?OBJ1 &%overlapsSpatially ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot properlyFills_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%properlyFills ?OBJ ?HOLE) means that ?HOLE is properly (though perhaps incompletely) filled by ?OBJ, i.e. some part of ?HOLE is perfectly filled by ?OBJ. Note that &%properlyFills is the dual of &%completelyFills, and is so related to &%partiallyFills that ?OBJ &%properlyFills ?HOLE just in case ?OBJ &%partiallyFills every part of ?HOLE. (Thus, every perfect filler is both complete and proper in this sense).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Hole) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot half_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%half ?HALF ?WHOLE) means that ?HALF is one half of ?WHOLE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot measure_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate for asserting that a particular &%Object is measured by a particular &%ConstantQuantity. In general, the second argument of this &%Predicate will be an instance of the &%Function &%MeasureFn.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PhysicalQuantity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot part_S ;+ (comment "\"The basic mereological relation. All other mereological relations are defined in terms of this one. (&%part ?PART ?WHOLE) simply means that the &%Object ?PART is part of the &%Object ?WHOLE. Note that, since &%part is a &%ReflexiveRelation, every &%Object is a part of itself.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot age_S ;+ (comment "\"Simply relates an &%Object to a &%ConstantQuantity specifying the age of the &%Object.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeDuration) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot attribute_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%attribute ?OBJECT ?PROPERTY) means that ?PROPERTY is a &%Attribute of ?OBJECT. For example, (&%attribute &%MyLittleRedWagon &%Red).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot overlapsSpatially_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%overlapsSpatially ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the &%Objects ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 have some parts in common. This is a reflexive and symmetric (but not transitive) relation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot penetrates_S ;+ (comment "\"(penetrates ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is &%connected to ?OBJ2 along at least one whole dimension (length, width or depth).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot overlapsPartially_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%overlapsPartially ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 have part(s) in common, but neither ?OBJ1 nor ?OBJ2 is a &%part of the other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot between_S ;+ (comment "\"(between ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3) means that ?OBJ2 is spatially located between ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ3. Note that this implies that ?OBJ2 is directly between ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ3, i.e. the projections of ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ3 overlap with ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot traverses_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%traverses ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 crosses or extends across ?OBJ2. Note that &%crosses and &%penetrates are subrelations of &%traverses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot exploits_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%exploits ?OBJ ?AGENT) means that ?OBJ is used by ?AGENT as a &%resource in an unspecified instance of &%Process. This &%Predicate, as its corresponding axiom indicates, is a composition of the relations &%agent and &%resource.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MereologicalSumFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MereologicalSumFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to either ?OBJ1 or ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partiallyFills_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%partiallyFills ?OBJ ?HOLE) means that ?OBJ &%completelyFills some part of ?HOLE. Note that if (&%partiallyFills ?OBJ1 ?HOLE) and (&%part ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2), then (&%partiallyFills ?OBJ2 ?HOLE). Note too that a partial filler need not be wholly inside a hole (it may stick out), which means that every complete filler also qualifies as (is a limit case of) a partial one.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Hole) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot faces_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%faces ?OBJ ?DIRECTION) means that the front of ?OBJ (see &%FrontFn) is positioned towards the compass direction ?DIRECTION. More precisely, it means that if a line were extended from the center of ?DIRECTION, the line would intersect with the front of ?OBJ before it intersected with its back (see &%BackFn).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DirectionalAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot price_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%price ?Obj ?Money ?Agent) means that ?Agent pays the amount of money ?Money for ?Obj.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot copy_S ;+ (comment "\"relates an &%Object to an exact copy of the &%Object, where an exact copy is indistinguishable from the original with regard to every property except (possibly) spatial and/or temporal location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot orientation_S ;+ (comment "\"A general &%Predicate for indicating how two &%Objects are oriented with respect to one another. For example, (orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 North) means that ?OBJ1 is north of ?OBJ2, and (orientation ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 Vertical) means that ?OBJ1 is positioned vertically with respect to ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositionalAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot completelyFills_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%completelyFills ?OBJ ?HOLE) means that some &%part of the &%Object ?OBJ fills the &%Hole ?HOLE. Note that if (&%completelyFills ?OBJ1 ?HOLE) and (&%part ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2), then (&%completelyFills ?OBJ2 ?HOLE).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Hole) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot meetsSpatially_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%meetsSpatially ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2 are &%connected but that neither ?OBJ1 nor ?OBJ2 &%overlapsSpatially the other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot barometricPressure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%barometricPressure ?AREA ?PRESSURE) means that the atmospheric pressure measured at ?AREA is ?PRESSURE. Barometric pressure is typically expressed in units of &%InchMercury or &%MmMercury. For example, standard sea level pressure is 29.92 inches (760 mm) of mercury: (&%barometricPressure &%SeaLevel (&%MeasureFn 29.92 &%InchMercury)).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PressureMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot superficialPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%superficialPart ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is a part of ?OBJ2 that has no interior parts of its own (or, intuitively, that only overlaps those parts of ?OBJ2 that are externally connected with the mereological complement of ?OBJ2). This too is a transitive relation closed under &%MereologicalSumFn and &%MereologicalProductFn.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot monetaryValue_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that associates an &%Object with its value expressed as an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot width_S ;+ (comment "\"&%BinaryPredicate that is used to state the measure of an &%Object from side to side at its widest span.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot length_S ;+ (comment "\"&%BinaryPredicate that is used to state the measure of an &%Object from one point to another point along its surface. Note that the difference between the predicates &%length and &%distance is that the &%length is used to state the &%LengthMeasure of one of the dimensions of a single object, while &%distance is used to state the &%LengthMeasure that separates two distinct objects\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MereologicalDifferenceFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MereologicalDifferenceFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to ?OBJ1 and not to ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot orbits_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%orbits ?SATELLITE ?FOCUS) means that the &%Object ?SATELLITE revolves around the &%AstronomicalBody ?FOCUS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AstronomicalBody) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot smaller_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%smaller ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) simply means that ?OBJ1 is smaller, with respect to all &%LengthMeasures, than ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot larger_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%larger ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) simply means that ?OBJ1 is larger, with respect to all &%LengthMeasures, than ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MereologicalProductFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MereologicalProductFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to both ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot interiorPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%interiorPart ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is part ?OBJ2 and there is no overlap between ?OBJ1 and any &%superficialPart ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot fills_S ;+ (comment "\"Holes can be filled. (&%fills ?OBJ ?HOLE) means that the &%Object ?OBJ fills the &%Hole ?HOLE. Note that &%fills here means perfectly filled.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Hole) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot most_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%most ?MOST ?WHOLE) means that ?MOST is a &%part of ?WHOLE that is greater than &%half of ?WHOLE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot properPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%properPart ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is a part of ?OBJ2 other than ?OBJ2 itself. This is a &%TransitiveRelation and &%AsymmetricRelation (hence an &%IrreflexiveRelation).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot crosses_S ;+ (comment "\"(crosses ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that &%Object ?OBJ1 &%traverses Object ?OBJ2, without being &%connected to it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot uses_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%uses ?OBJECT AGENT) means that ?OBJECT is used by ?AGENT as an instrument in an unspecified &%Process. This &%Predicate, as its corresponding axiom indicates, is a composition of the &%CaseRoles &%agent and &%instrument.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass SelfConnectedObject "A &%SelfConnectedObject is any &%Object that does not consist of two or more disconnected parts." (is-a Object) (role concrete) (single-slot FrontFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that maps an &%Object to the side that generally receives the most attention or that typically faces the direction in which the &%Object moves. Note that this is a partial function, since some &%Objects do not have sides, e.g. apples and spheres. Note too that the &%range of this &%Function is indefinite in much the way that &%ImmediateFutureFn and &%ImmediatePastFn are indefinite. Although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot bottom_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%bottom ?BOTTOM ?OBJECT) holds if ?BOTTOM is the lowest or deepest maximal superficial part of ?OBJECT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot contains_S ;+ (comment "\"The relation of spatial containment for two separable objects. When the two objects are not separable (e.g. an automobile and one of its seats), the relation of &%part should be used. (&%contains ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the &%SelfConnectedObject ?OBJ1 has a space (i.e. a &%Hole) which is at least partially filled by ?OBJ2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot capacity_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%capacity ?OBJ ?QUANTITY) means that ?OBJ can contain something that has the &%measure of ?QUANTITY. This predicate denotes maximal capacity, i.e. ?OBJ can hold no more than ?QUANTITY. Note, however, that this does not mean that &%capacity is a &%SingleValuedRelation, since an object may have various maximal capacities across different dimensions, e.g. a particular box may have a &%capacity of 3 pounds and a &%capacity of 1 liter.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ConstantQuantity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot connects_S ;+ (comment "\"The relationship between three things, when one of the three things connects the other two. More formally, (&%connects ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3) means that (&%connected ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) and (&%connected ?OBJ1 ?OBJ3) and not (&%connected ?OBJ2 ?OBJ3).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot surface_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%surface ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that ?OBJ1 is a maximally connected &%superficialPart of ?OBJ2. Note that some &%SelfConnectedObjects have more than one surface, e.g. a hollow object like a tennis ball has both an inner and an outer surface.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot member_S ;+ (comment "\"A specialized common sense notion of part for uniform parts of &%Collections. For example, each sheep in a flock of sheep would have the relationship of member to the flock.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Collection) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot top_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%top ?TOP ?OBJECT) means that ?TOP is the highest maximal superficial part of ?OBJECT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot height_S ;+ (comment "\"The height of an &%Object is the distance between its &%top and its &%bottom.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot BackFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that maps an &%Object to the side that is opposite the &%FrontFn of the &%Object. Note that this is a partial function, since some &%Objects do not have sides, e.g. apples and spheres. Note too that the &%range of this &%Function is indefinite in much the way that &%ImmediateFutureFn and &%ImmediatePastFn are indefinite. Although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot side_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%side ?SIDE ?OBJECT) means that ?SIDE is a side of the object, as opposed to the &%top or &%bottom.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Substance "An &%Object in which every part is similar to every other in every relevant respect. More precisely, something is a &%Substance when it has only arbitrary pieces as parts - any parts have properties which are similar to those of the whole. Note that a &%Substance may nonetheless have physical properties that vary. For example, the temperature, chemical constitution, density, etc. may change from one part to another. An example would be a body of water." (is-a SelfConnectedObject) (role concrete) (multislot material_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%material ?SUBSTANCE ?OBJECT) means that ?OBJECT is structurally made up in part of ?SUBSTANCE. This relation encompasses the concepts of 'composed of', 'made of', and 'formed of'. For example, plastic is a &%material of my computer monitor. Compare &%part and its subrelations, viz &%component and &%piece.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CorpuscularObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot piece_S ;+ (comment "\"A specialized common sense notion of part for arbitrary parts of &%Substances. Quasi-synonyms are: chunk, hunk, bit, etc. Compare &%component, the other subrelation of &%part.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Substance) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass PureSubstance "The &%Class of &%Substances with constant composition. A &%PureSubstance can be either an element (&%ElementalSubstance) or a compound of elements (&%CompoundSubstance). Examples: Table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), sugar (sucrose, C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}), water (H_2O), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and oxygen (O_2)." (is-a Substance) (role concrete) (single-slot protonNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%protonNumber ?SUBSTANCE ?NUMBER) means that the &%PureSubstance ?SUBSTANCE has the number of &%Protons ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot electronNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%electronNumber ?SUBSTANCE ?NUMBER) means that the &%PureSubstance ?SUBSTANCE has the number of &%Electrons ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ElementalSubstance "The &%Class of &%PureSubstances that cannot be separated into two or more &%Substances by ordinary chemical (or physical) means. This excludes nuclear reactions. &%ElementalSubstances are composed of only one kind of atom. Examples: Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and oxygen (O_2). &%ElementalSubstances are the simplest &%PureSubstances." (is-a PureSubstance) (role concrete) (single-slot atomicNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%atomicNumber ?ELEMENT ?NUMBER) means that the &%ElementalSubstance ?ELEMENT has the atomic number ?NUMBER. The atomic number is the number of &%Protons in the nucleus of an &%Atom.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Metal "A &%Metal is an &%ElementalSubstance that conducts heat and electricity, is shiny and reflects many colors of light, and can be hammered into sheets or drawn into wire. About 80% of the known chemical elements (&%ElementalSubstances) are metals." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Atom "An extremely small unit of matter that retains its identity in Chemical reactions. It consists of an &%AtomicNucleus and &%Electrons surrounding the &%AtomicNucleus." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass SubatomicParticle "The class of &%ElementalSubstances that are smaller than &%Atoms and compose &%Atoms." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass AtomicNucleus "The core of the &%Atom. It is composed of &%Protons and &%Neutrons." (is-a SubatomicParticle) (role concrete)) (defclass Electron "&%SubatomicParticles that surround the &%AtomicNucleus. They have a negative charge." (is-a SubatomicParticle) (role concrete)) (defclass Proton "Components of the &%AtomicNucleus. They have a positive charge." (is-a SubatomicParticle) (role concrete)) (defclass Neutron "Components of the &%AtomicNucleus. They have no charge." (is-a SubatomicParticle) (role concrete)) (defclass Oxygen "A colourless, odourless gaseous element belonging to group 16 of the periodic table. It is the most abundant element present in the earth's crust. It also makes up 20.8 percent of the Earth's atmosphere. For industrial purposes, it is separated from liquid air by fractional distillation. It is used in high temperature welding, and in breathing. It commonly comes in the form of Oxygen, but is found as Ozone in the upper atmosphere. It was discovered by Priestley in 1774." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Chlorine "Halogen element. Poisonous greenish-yellow gas. Occurs widely in nature as sodium chloride in seawater. Reacts directly with many elements and compounds, strong oxidizing agent. Discovered by Karl Scheele in 1774. Humphrey David confirmed it as an element in 1810." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Sodium "Soft silvery reactive element belonging to group 1 of the periodic table (alkali metals). It is highly reactive, oxidizing in air and reacting violently with water, forcing it to be kept under oil. It was first isolated by Humphrey Davy in 1807." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Hydrogen "Colourless, odourless gaseous chemical element. Lightest and most abundant element in the universe. Present in water and in all organic compounds. Chemically reacts with most elements. Discovered by Henry Cavendish in 1776." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Carbon "Carbon is a member of group 14 of the periodic table. It has three allotropic forms of it, diamonds, graphite and fullerite. Carbon-14 is commonly used in radioactive dating. Carbon occurs in all organic life and is the basis of organic chemistry. Carbon has the interesting chemical property of being able to bond with itself, and a wide variety of other elements." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Iodine "Dark violet nonmetallic element, belongs to group 17 of the periodic table. Insoluble in water. Required as a trace element for living organisms. One stable isotope, I-127 exists, in addition to fourteen radioactive isotopes. Chemically the least reactive of the halogens, and the most electropositive metallic halogen. Discovered in 1812 by Courtois." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Iron "Silvery malleable and ductile metallic transition element. Has nine isotopes and is the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust. Required by living organisms as a trace element (used in hemoglobin in humans.) Quite reactive, oxidizes in moist air, displaces hydrogen from dilute acids and combines with nonmetallic elements." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Helium "Colourless, odourless gaseous nonmetallic element. Belongs to group 18 of the periodic table. Lowest boiling point of all elements and can only be solidified under pressure. Chemically inert, no known compounds. Discovered in the solar spectrum in 1868 by Lockyer." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Nitrogen "Colourless, gaseous element which belongs to group 15 of the periodic table. Constitutes ~78 percent of the atmosphere and is an essential part of the ecosystem. Nitrogen for industrial purposes is acquired by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Chemically inactive, reactive generally only at high temperatures or in electrical discharges. It was discovered in 1772 by D. Rutherford." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Copper "Red-brown transition element. Known by the Romans as 'cuprum.' Extracted and used for thousands of years. Malleable, ductile and an excellent conductor of heat and electricity. When in moist conditions, a greenish layer forms on the outside." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Zinc "Blue-white metallic element. Occurs in multiple compounds naturally. Five stable isotopes are six radioactive isotopes have been found. Chemically a reactive metal, combines with oxygen and other non-metals, reacts with dilute acids to release hydrogen." (is-a ElementalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass CompoundSubstance "The &%Class of &%Substances that contain two or more elements (&%ElementalSubstances), in definite proportion by weight. The composition of a pure compound will be invariant, regardless of the method of preparation. Compounds are composed of more than one kind of atom (element). The term molecule is often used for the smallest unit of a compound that still retains all of the properties of the compound. Examples: Table salt (sodium chloride, NaCl), sugar (sucrose, C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}), and water (H_2O). " (is-a PureSubstance) (role concrete) (multislot conjugate_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%conjugate ?COMPOUND1 ?COMPOUND2) means that ?COMPOUND1 and ?COMPOUND2 are identical &%CompoundSubstances except that one has one more &%Proton than the other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CompoundSubstance) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Water "The &%Class of samples of the compound H20. Note that this &%Class covers both pure and impure &%Water." (is-a CompoundSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Ice "&%Water that has the &%PhysicalState of &%Solid." (is-a Water) (role concrete)) (defclass Molecule "A molecule is the smallest unit of matter of a &%CompoundSubstance that retains all the physical and chemical properties of that substance, e.g., Ne, H2, H2O. A molecule is two or more &%Atoms linked by a chemical bond." (is-a CompoundSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass OrganicCompound "Any &%CompoundSubstance that has a &%Carbon base." (is-a CompoundSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Alcohol "&%OrganicCompounds that are produced from hydrocarbons by distillation." (is-a OrganicCompound) (role concrete)) (defclass SodiumChloride "The &%CompoundSubstance formed from &%Sodium and &%Chlorine." (is-a CompoundSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Mixture "A &%Mixture is two or more &%PureSubstances, combined in varying proportions - each retaining its own specific properties. The components of a &%Mixture can be separated by physical means, i.e. without the making and breaking of chemical bonds. Examples: Air, table salt thoroughly dissolved in water, milk, wood, and concrete. " (is-a Substance) (role concrete)) (defclass Solution "A liquid mixture. The most abundant component in a solution is called the solvent. Other components are called solutes. A solution, though homogeneous, may nonetheless have variable composition. Any amount of salt, up to a maximum limit, can be dissolved in a given amount of water." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Paint "Any &%Solution which is capable of &%Coloring something." (is-a Solution) (role concrete)) (defclass SalineSolution "A &%Solution consisting of &%SodiumChloride and &%Water." (is-a Solution) (role concrete)) (defclass Oil "A greasy, viscous &%Solution that cannot be mixed with &%Water. Note that this general class covers petroleum oil, vegetable oil, animal fat, etc." (is-a Solution) (role concrete)) (defclass Mineral " Any of various naturally occurring homogeneous substances (such as stone, coal, salt, sulfur, sand, petroleum), or synthetic substances having the chemical composition and crystalline form and properties of a naturally occurring mineral." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass GasMixture "Any &%Mixture that satisfies two conditions, viz. it is made up predominantly of things which are a &%Gas and any component other than &%Gas in the &%Mixture is in the form of fine particles which are suspended in the &%Gas." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Smoke "A mixture of fine particles suspended in a gas that is produced by &%Combustion." (is-a GasMixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Cloud "Any &%GasMixture that is visible, e.g. clouds of &%Smoke produced by a fire or clouds of water vapor in the sky." (is-a GasMixture) (role concrete)) (defclass WaterCloud "Any &%Cloud that is composed primarily of water vapor." (is-a Cloud) (role concrete)) (defclass Fog "Any &%WaterCloud that is in contact with the ground." (is-a WaterCloud) (role concrete)) (defclass Air "&%Air is the gaseous stuff that makes up the atmosphere surrounding Earth." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass BodySubstance "Extracellular material and mixtures of cells and extracellular material that are produced, excreted or accreted by an &%Organism. Included here are &%Substances such as saliva, dental enamel, sweat, and gastric acid." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Blood "A fluid present in &%Animals that transports &%Nutrients to and waste products away from various &%BodyParts." (is-a BodySubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Tissue "An aggregation of similarly specialized &%Cells and the associated intercellular substance. &%Tissues are relatively non-localized in comparison to &%BodyParts, &%Organs or &%Organ components. The main features of &%Tissues are self-connectivity (see &%SelfConnectedObject) and being a homogeneous mass (all parts in the same granularity are instances of &%Tissue as well)." (is-a BodySubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Bone "Rigid &%Tissue composed largely of calcium that makes up the skeleton of &%Vertebrates. Note that this &%Class also includes teeth." (is-a Tissue) (role concrete)) (defclass Tooth "Part of the &%Mouth, used for biting and chewing." (is-a Bone) (role concrete)) (defclass Muscle "Nonrigid &%Tissue appearing only in &%Animals and composed largely of contractile cells." (is-a Tissue) (role concrete)) (defclass FatTissue "Nonrigid &%Tissue that is composed largely of fat cells." (is-a Tissue) (role concrete)) (defclass AnimalSubstance "&%BodySubstances that are produced exclusively by &%Animals." (is-a BodySubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Sweat "An &%AnimalSubstance that contains &%SodiumChloride and is produced by the sweat glands." (is-a AnimalSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass PlantSubstance "&%BodySubstances that are produced exclusively by &%Plants." (is-a BodySubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Wood "A &%Tissue that comprises the inner trunk of &%Trees. It is often used in constructing &%Buildings and other &%Artifacts; Wood is a natural substance obtained by processing trees, typically by removing the outer portions of the trunk or of thick branches. For commercial purposes Wood may be considered as non-living. The 'Wood' (woody substance) which may contain living cells in a living tree should therefore be labeled by a different name." (is-a PlantSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Softwood "Wood obtained from trees classified in the family of Softwoods or gymnosperms. Examples include scrub pine, spruce and cedar." (is-a Wood) (role concrete)) (defclass Hardwood "Wood obtained from trees classified in the family of Hardwoods, or angiosperms. Examples include oak, birch and maple." (is-a Wood) (role concrete)) (defclass LiquidBodySubstance "Any &%BodySubstance which is &%Liquid under normal circumstances." (is-a BodySubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Serum "Any &%LiquidBodySubstance other than &%Blood." (is-a LiquidBodySubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Detergent "Any &%Mixture whose purpose is to remove &%Soil and/or other undesirable substances from the surfaces of objects." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Glue "Any &%Mixture whose purpose is to be used as the &%instrument of &%Attaching one thing to another." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Glass "A transparent or translucent &%Mixture of silicates." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass MetallicAlloy "A &%Mixture of two or more &%Metals, and possibly nonmetallic elements as well. For example, steel is an alloy containing iron and manganese." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Steel "A &%MetallicAlloy made from &%Iron and other elements." (is-a MetallicAlloy) (role concrete)) (defclass Brass "A &%MetallicAlloy made from &%Copper and &%Zinc." (is-a MetallicAlloy) (role concrete)) (defclass Soil "&%Soil is a substance composed of fine rock material disintegrated by geological processes, mixed with humus, the organic remains of decomposed vegetation." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Clay "Fine-grained soil consisting of mineral particles, not necessarily clay minerals, that are less than 0.002 mm in their maximum dimension." (is-a Soil) (role concrete)) (defclass Sand "&%Sand is loose fragments of minerals or rocks. Smaller than gravel and larger than silt and clay, sand particles range from 8/10,000 to 8/100 inch (0.02 to 2 millimeters) in diameter. &%Sand is formed by the &%Erosion of rocks through the action of water, ice, or air." (is-a Soil) (role concrete)) (defclass Humus "&%Humus is decaying organic matter found in &%Soil and derived from dead animal and plant material." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Cement "&%Cement is a subclass of &%Mixture whose instances may contain various minerals or ores, prepared by heating and pulverizing, and used in binding &%Concrete or in laying brick or stone." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass Concrete "&%Concrete is a subclass of &%Mixture used as building materials. Concrete is made up of &%Mineral pieces (sand or gravel) and a &%Cement material used to bind them together." (is-a Mixture) (role concrete)) (defclass BiologicallyActiveSubstance "A &%Substance that is capable of inducing a change in the structure or functioning of an &%Organism. This &%Class includes &%Substances used in the treatment, diagnosis, prevention or analysis of normal and abnormal body function. This &%Class also includes &%Substances that occur naturally in the body and are administered therapeutically. Finally, &%BiologicallyActiveSubstance includes &%Nutrients, most drugs of abuse, and agents that require special handling because of their toxicity." (is-a Substance) (role concrete)) (defclass Nutrient "A &%BiologicallyActiveSubstance required by an &%Organism. It is generally ingested as &%Food, and it is of primary interest because of its role in the biologic functioning of the &%Organism." (is-a BiologicallyActiveSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Protein "A &%Nutrient made up of amino acids joined by peptide bonds." (is-a Nutrient) (role concrete)) (defclass Enzyme "A complex &%Protein that is produced by living cells and which catalyzes specific biochemical reactions. There are six main types of enzymes: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, and ligases." (is-a Protein) (role concrete)) (defclass Antibody "An immunoglobulin which is produced by the body and which has the ability to neutralize &%Antigens." (is-a Protein) (role concrete)) (defclass Carbohydrate "An element of living cells and a source of energy for &%Animals. This class includes both simple &%Carbohydrates, i.e. sugars, and complex &%Carbohydrates, i.e. starches." (is-a Nutrient) (role concrete)) (defclass Vitamin "A &%Nutrient present in natural products or made synthetically, which is essential in the diet of &%Humans and other higher &%Animals. Included here are &%Vitamin precursors and provitamins." (is-a Nutrient) (role concrete)) (defclass Hormone "In &%Animals, a chemical secreted by an endocrine gland whose products are released into the circulating fluid. &%Plant hormones or synthetic hormones which are used only to alter or control various physiologic processes, e.g., reproductive control agents, are assigned to the &%Class &%BiologicallyActiveSubstance. &%Hormones act as chemical messengers and regulate various physiologic processes such as growth, reproduction, metabolism, etc. They usually fall into two broad categories, viz. steroid hormones and peptide hormones." (is-a BodySubstance BiologicallyActiveSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass HormoneTSH "A &%Hormone secreted by the &%ThyroidGland." (is-a Hormone) (role concrete)) (defclass Opium "A substance harvested from the seed capsules of the opium poppy that contains various powerful alkaloids." (is-a BiologicallyActiveSubstance PlantSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Antigen "Any &%BiologicallyActiveSubstance that has the capacity to stimulate the production of &%Antibodies." (is-a BiologicallyActiveSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass ControlledSubstance "&%ControlledSubstance is the subclass of &%BiologicallyActiveSubstances whose distribution and use is controlled by government regulation." (is-a BiologicallyActiveSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Narcotic "&%Narcotic is a subclass of addictive &%BiologicallyActiveSubstances that have damping effects on the nervous system and may be fatal in large doses." (is-a ControlledSubstance) (role concrete)) (defclass Powder "Any &%Solid &%Substance which consists of loose, identical, and very small particles." (is-a Substance) (role concrete)) (defclass Fallout "Radioactive powder that is typically dispersed by the explosion of a nuclear weapon." (is-a Powder) (role concrete)) (defclass CorpuscularObject "A &%SelfConnectedObject whose parts have properties that are not shared by the whole." (is-a SelfConnectedObject) (role concrete) (single-slot component_S ;+ (comment "\"A specialized common sense notion of part for heterogeneous parts of complexes. (&%component ?COMPONENT ?WHOLE) means that ?COMPONENT is a component of ?WHOLE. Examples of component include the doors and walls of a house, the states or provinces of a country, or the limbs and organs of an animal. Compare &%piece, which is also a subrelation of &%part.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CorpuscularObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ContentBearingObject "Any &%SelfConnectedObject that expresses information." (is-a CorpuscularObject) (role concrete) (multislot subsumesContentClass_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that relates two subclasses of &%ContentBearingObject. (&%subsumesContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that the content expressed by each instance of ?CLASS2 is also expressed by each instance of ?CLASS1. Examples include the relationship between a poem and one of its stanzas or between a book and one of its chapters. Note that this is a relation between subclasses of &%ContentBearingObject, rather than instances. If one wants to relate instances, the &%Predicate &%subsumesContentInstance can be used. Note that &%subsumesContentClass is needed in many cases. Consider, for example, the relation between the King James edition of the Bible and its Book of Genesis. This relation holds for every copy of this edition and not just for a single instance.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot containsInformation_S ;+ (comment "\"A subrelation of &%represents. This predicate relates a &%ContentBearingObject to the &%Proposition that is` expressed by the &%ContentBearingObject. Examples include the relationships between a physical novel and its story and between a printed score and its musical content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot EditionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a type of text (e.g. Agatha Christie's Murder_on_the_Orient_Express) and a number to the edition of the text type corresponding to the number.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents ContentBearingObject) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot equivalentContentClass_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that relates two subclasses of &%ContentBearingObject. (&%equivalentContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that the content expressed by each instance of ?CLASS1 is also expressed by each instance of ?CLASS2, and vice versa. An example would be the relationship between English and Russian editions of Agatha Christie's 'Murder on the Orient Express'. Note that (&%equivalentContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) implies (&%subsumesContentClass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) and (&%subsumesContentClass ?CLASS2 ?CLASS1).\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot equivalentContentInstance_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate relating two instances of &%ContentBearingObject. (&%equivalentContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the content expressed by ?OBJ1 is identical to the content expressed by ?OBJ2. An example would be the relationship between a handwritten draft of a letter to one's lawyer and a typed copy of the same letter. Note that (&%equivalentContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) implies (&%subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) and (&%subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ2 ?OBJ2).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subsumesContentInstance_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate relating two instances of &%ContentBearingObject. (&%subsumesContentInstance ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) means that the content expressed by ?OBJ2 is part of the content expressed by ?OBJ1. An example is the relationship between a handwritten poem and one of its stanzas. Note that this is a relation between instances, rather than &%Classes. If one wants to assert a content relationship between &%Classes, e.g. between the version of an intellectual work and a part of that work, the relation &%subsumesContentClass should be used.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAbstractContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractContent relates a physical object haing information content to the abstract entity that the physical object represents. This differs from the SUMO containsInformation' only in that the SUMO relation has Proposition as its domain 2 and this relation has AbstractInformationalEntity, which is not necessarily a Proposition, e.g. it could be an AbstractString.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass SymbolicString "The &%Class of alphanumeric sequences." (is-a ContentBearingObject) (role concrete) (single-slot telephoneNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%telephoneNumber ?NUMBER ?AGENT) means that ?NUMBER is a telephone number at which ?AGENT can be regularly contacted.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot names_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%names ?STRING ?ENTITY) means that the thing ?ENTITY has the &%SymbolicString ?STRING as its name. Note that &%names and &%represents are the two immediate &%subrelations of &%refers. The predicate &%names is used when the referring item is merely a tag without connotative content, while the predicate &%represents is used for referring items that have such content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot KappaFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A class-forming operator that takes two arguments: a variable and a formula containing at least one unbound occurrence of the variable. The result of applying &%KappaFn to a variable and a formula is the &%SetOrClass of things that satisfy the formula. For example, we can denote the &%SetOrClass of prime numbers that are less than 100 with the following expression: (KappaFn ?NUMBER (and (instance ?NUMBER PrimeNumber) (lessThan ?NUMBER 100))). Note that the use of this function is discouraged, since there is currently no axiomatic support for it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot uniqueIdentifier_S ;+ (comment "\"The class of &%names that uniquely identify an instance of &%Entity. Some examples of &%uniqueIdentifiers are the keys of tables in database applications and the ISBN (International Standard Book Number).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot titles_S ;+ (comment "\"A predicate used to indicate the title of a &%Text. Note that the second argument type restriction is a subclass, rather than an instance, of &%Text. Thus, the title Murder_on_the_Orient_Express corresponds to a large class of &%Books, and not just to a single copy of the book.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Text) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAbstractContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractContent relates a physical object haing information content to the abstract entity that the physical object represents. This differs from the SUMO containsInformation' only in that the SUMO relation has Proposition as its domain 2 and this relation has AbstractInformationalEntity, which is not necessarily a Proposition, e.g. it could be an AbstractString.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Character "An element of an alphabet, a set of numerals, etc. Note that a &%Character may or may not be part of a &%Language. &%Character is a subclass of &%SymbolicString, because every instance of &%Character is an alphanumeric sequence consisting of a single element." (is-a SymbolicString) (role concrete)) (defclass DigitCharacter "Any &%Character that is comprised of a single digit, i.e. one of the numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9." (is-a Character) (role concrete)) (defclass Syllable "A sequence of &%Characters from the same &%Word that denote a single sound." (is-a SymbolicString) (role concrete)) (defclass PostOfficeCode "A string of symbols which need not be exclusively numeric. A ZIP code was originally all numeric, but the extended ZIP+4 can have a hyphen in it." (is-a SymbolicString) (role concrete)) (defclass ZipCode "A ZipCode is a US post office code, which may be five digits or in ZIP+4 format, nine digits in 5-4 format." (is-a PostOfficeCode) (role concrete)) (defclass NumericString "A NumericString is a physical object bearing the character sequence representing a number. It is referenced by an AbstractNumericString." (is-a SymbolicString) (role concrete) (single-slot represents_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general semiotics &%Predicate. (&%represents ?THING ?ENTITY) means that ?THING in some way indicates, expresses, connotes, pictures, describes, etc. ?ENTITY. The &%Predicates &%containsInformation and &%realization are subrelations of &%represents. Note that &%represents is a subrelation of &%refers, since something can represent something else only if it refers to this other thing. See the documentation string for &%names.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Number Number) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isReferencedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isReferencedBy relates any entity to an AbstractInformationalEntity (such as an Abstract Text) that represents the entity in some way. This is the inverse of relation 'hasReferent'. Thus a physical cat may be represented by the AbstractString 'c-a-t'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractNumericString AbstractNumericString) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Icon "This is the subclass of &%ContentBearingObjects which are not part of a &%Language and which have some sort of similarity with the &%Objects that they represent. This &%Class would include symbolic roadway signs, representational art works, photographs, etc." (is-a ContentBearingObject) (role concrete)) (defclass Blueprint "An &%Icon which is a scale model of an &%Artifact, whether the &%Artifact actually exists or not." (is-a Icon) (role concrete)) (defclass GraphIcon "An &%Icon which depicts one or more quantities." (is-a Icon) (role concrete)) (defclass Flag "An &%Icon made of &%Fabric that refers to a particular &%GeopoliticalArea." (is-a Icon) (role concrete)) (defclass ArrowIcon "An &%Icon which has the shape of an arrow and which is used to indicate direction or a relationship betwee two things." (is-a Icon) (role concrete)) (defclass Photograph "An &%Icon that is the result of a process of &%Photographing." (is-a Icon) (role concrete)) (defclass LinguisticExpression "This is the subclass of &%ContentBearingObjects which are language-related. Note that this &%Class encompasses both &%Language and the the elements of &%Languages, e.g. &%Words." (is-a ContentBearingObject) (role concrete) (multislot hasMentalRepresentation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a Physical Entity and the MentalEntity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes MentalLinguisticExpression) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot representsInLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general predicate. (&%representsInLanguage ?THING ?ENTITY ?LANGUAGE) means that the &%LinguisticExpression ?THING stands for ?ENTITY in the &%Language ?LANGUAGE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Language) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot expressedInLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%expressedInLanguage ?EXPRESS ?LANG) means that ?EXPRESS is expressed in &%Language ?LANG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Language) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Language "A system of signs for expressing thought. The system can be either natural or artificial, i.e. something that emerges gradually as a cultural artifact or something that is intentionally created by a person or group of people." (is-a LinguisticExpression) (role concrete)) (defclass AnimalLanguage "The &%subclass of &%Languages used by &%Animals other than &%Humans." (is-a Language) (role concrete)) (defclass ArtificialLanguage "The &%subclass of &%Languages that are designed by &%Humans." (is-a Language) (role concrete)) (defclass ComputerLanguage "The class of &%Languages designed for and interpreted by a computer." (is-a ArtificialLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass HumanLanguage "The &%subclass of &%Languages used by &%Humans." (is-a Language) (role concrete)) (defclass ConstructedLanguage "An &%ConstructedLanguage is a &%HumanLanguage that did not evolve spontaneously within a language community, but rather had its core grammar and vocabulary invented by one or more language experts, often with an aim to produce a more grammatically regular language than any language that has evolved naturally. This &%Class includes languages like Esperanto that were created to facilitate international communication" (is-a HumanLanguage ArtificialLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass NaturalLanguage "The &%subclass of &%HumanLanguages which are not designed and which evolve from generation to generation. This &%Class includes all of the national languages, e.g. English, Spanish, Japanese, etc. Note that this class includes dialects of natural languages." (is-a HumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass ManualHumanLanguage "A &%ManualHumanLanguage is a &%HumanLanguage which has as its medium gestures and movement, such as the shape, position, and movement of the hands." (is-a HumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass DeafSignLanguage "A &%DeafSignLanguage is a &%ManualHumanLanguage primarily intended for communication between a deaf individual and a hearing individual or between deaf individuals." (is-a ManualHumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass SpokenHumanLanguage "A &%SpokenHumanLanguage is a &%HumanLanguage which has as its medium the human voice. It can also berepresented visually through writing, although not all &%SpokenHumanLanguages have a codified written form." (is-a HumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass CreoleLanguage "A &%CreoleLanguage is a &%PidginLanguage that has developed and become the mother tongue for a community of people. This process is called 'creolization' and results in an expanded vocabulary and grammar structure that allow for communication as rich and complex as that of non-creole languages. While pidgins are regarded as reduced languages, creoles are considered expanded languages. That is, while pidgins develop to enable communication in relatively isolated domains, creoles allow for a full range of expressive possibilities on a par with more 'recognized' languages." (is-a SpokenHumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass PidginLanguage "A &%PidginLanguage is not the native language of anyone but is used as an auxiliary or supplemental language between two mutually unintelligible speech communities. Pidgins are reduced languages, characterized by having a limited vocabulary and a simple grammar which serve to satisfy basic communication needs. Historically these languages have primarily arisen in trade centers and plantations (with slaves from different language backgrounds), areas where large groups of people lacking a common language need to communicate. By definition, a pidgin has no native speakers; it is always a person's second (or more) language." (is-a SpokenHumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass MixedLanguage "A &%MixedLanguage is a &%SpokenHumanLanguage that combines grammar and lexical items from two or more languages to create a new language that is essentially a linguistic mixture." (is-a SpokenHumanLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass Word "A term of a &%Language that represents a concept." (is-a LinguisticExpression) (role concrete)) (defclass Noun "One of the parts of speech. The &%Class of &%Words that conventionally denote &%Objects." (is-a Word) (role concrete)) (defclass Verb "One of the parts of speech. The &%Class of &%Words that conventionally denote &%Processes." (is-a Word) (role concrete)) (defclass Adjective "One of the parts of speech. The &%Class of &%Words that conventionally denote &%Attributes of &%Objects." (is-a Word) (role concrete)) (defclass Adverb "One of the parts of speech. The &%Class of &%Words that conventionally denote &%Attributes of &%Processes." (is-a Word) (role concrete)) (defclass Particle "An umbrella &%Class for any &%Word that does not fit into the other subclasses of &%Word. A &%Particle is generally a small term that serves a grammatical or logical function, e.g. 'and', 'of', 'since', etc. At some point, this class might be broken up into the subclasses 'Connective', 'Preposition', etc. Note that the class &%Particle includes both personal and possessive pronouns, e.g. 'she', 'hers', 'it', 'its', etc." (is-a Word) (role concrete)) (defclass Morpheme "Part of a &%Word which cannot be subdivided and which expresses a meaning." (is-a LinguisticExpression) (role concrete)) (defclass Phrase "A set of &%Words in a &%Language which form a unit, i.e. express a meaning in the &%Language." (is-a LinguisticExpression) (role concrete)) (defclass VerbPhrase "A &%Phrase that has the same function as a &%Verb." (is-a Phrase) (role concrete)) (defclass NounPhrase "A &%Phrase that has the same function as a &%Noun." (is-a Phrase) (role concrete)) (defclass PrepositionalPhrase "A &%Phrase that begins with a preposition and that functions as an &%Adjective or an &%Adverb." (is-a Phrase) (role concrete)) (defclass Sentence "A syntactically well-formed formula of a &%Language. It includes, at minimum, a predicate and a subject (which may be explicit or implicit), and it expresses a &%Proposition." (is-a LinguisticExpression) (role concrete) (single-slot true_S ;+ (comment "\"The &%BinaryPredicate that relates a &%Sentence to its &%TruthValue.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TruthValue) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Formula "A syntactically well-formed formula in the SUO-KIF knowledge representation language." (is-a Sentence) (role concrete) (single-slot or_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of disjunction.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3C%3D%3E_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of bi-implication.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot modalAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation that is used to state the normative force of a &%Proposition. (&%modalAttribute ?FORMULA ?PROP) means that the &%Proposition expressed by ?FORMULA has the &%NormativeAttribute ?PROP. For example, (&%modalAttribute (&%exists (?ACT ?OBJ) (&%and (&%instance ?ACT &%Giving) (&%agent ?ACT John) (&%patient ?ACT ?OBJ) (&%destination ?ACT Tom))) &%Obligatory) means that John is obligated to give Tom something.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NormativeAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot confersRight_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses the relationship between a &%Formula, an &%Entity, and a &%CognitiveAgent when the &%Entity authorizes the &%CognitiveAgent to bring it about that the &%Formula is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot %3D%3E_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of implication.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsRight_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses a relationship between a &%Formula and a &%CognitiveAgent whereby the &%CognitiveAgent has the right to bring it about that the &%Formula is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsObligation_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses a relationship between a &%Formula and a &%CognitiveAgent whereby the &%CognitiveAgent has the obligation to bring it about that the &%Formula is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot increasesLikelihood_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations. (&%increasesLikelihood ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that ?FORMULA2 is more likely to be true if ?FORMULA1 is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ProbabilityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations, &%ProbabilityFn is used to state the a priori probability of a state of affairs. (&%ProbabilityFn ?FORMULA) denotes the a priori probability of ?FORMULA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot not_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of negation. This relation definition was modified by P. Cassidy November 2003 to specify that 'not' is an instance of UnaryRelation\"") (type STRING) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot entails_S ;+ (comment "\"The operator of logical entailment. (&%entails ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that ?FORMULA2 can be derived from ?FORMULA1 by means of the proof theory of SUO-KIF.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot independentProbability_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations. (&%independentProbability ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that the probabilities of ?FORMULA1 and ?FORMULA2 being true are independent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot confersObligation_S ;+ (comment "\"Expresses the relationship between a a &%Formula, an &%Entity, and a &%CognitiveAgent when the &%Entity obligates the &%CognitiveAgent to bring it about that the &%Formula is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsInContext_S ;+ (comment "\"holdsInContext means that there is some context in which a particular assertion is true. The context can be a real-world context, a fictional context, a hypothetical context, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Context) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot conditionalProbability_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations. &%conditionalProbability is used to state the numeric value of a conditional probability. (&%conditionalProbability ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2 ?NUMBER) means that the probability of ?FORMULA2 being true given that ?FORMULA1 is true is ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot and_S ;+ (comment "\"The truth-functional connective of conjunction.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot decreasesLikelihood_S ;+ (comment "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations. (&%decreasesLikelihood ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that ?FORMULA2 is less likely to be true if ?FORMULA1 is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasModalAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"This is a relation analogous to the SUMO &%modalObligation, but applying to abstract assertions rather than physical Formulas as in SUMO. A &%BinaryRelation that is used to state the normative force of a &%Proposition. (&%hasModalAttribute ?Assertion ?PROP) means that the &%Proposition expressed by ?Assertion has the &%NormativeAttribute ?PROP. For example, (&%hasModalAttribute (&%exists (?ACT ?OBJ) (&%and (&%instance ?ACT &%Giving) (&%agent ?ACT John) (&%patient ?ACT ?OBJ) (&%destination ?ACT Tom))) &%Obligatory) means that John is obligated to give Tom something.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NormativeAttribute) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Statement "A &%Sentence that is stated to be true; A communication between two agents asserting what the speaker considers as a fact." (is-a Sentence) (role concrete)) (defclass Fact "The class of &%Statements that are &%True." (is-a Statement) (role concrete)) (defclass Question "An interrogative &%Sentence, a &%Sentence that poses a question." (is-a Sentence) (role concrete)) (defclass Supposition "A &%Sentence that is assumed to be true, possibly just for the sake of argument." (is-a Sentence) (role concrete)) (defclass Request "A &%Sentence that expresses a request for something or that something be done." (is-a Sentence) (role concrete)) (defclass Order "A &%Sentence that expresses an order for something or that something be done." (is-a Sentence) (role concrete)) (defclass PhysicalSymbol "a PhysicalSymbol is a ContentBearingObject that respresents a single concept. It may be composed of more than one smaller symbol, as a word can be composed of letters, but the conceptual content of the whole symbol must not be merely a concatenation of the individual symbols, but must have content unpredictable from the individual symbols. Thus a sentence is not a symbol because its content is predictable by analyzing the syntactic relations among the individual words. Printing characters, icons, and images are the most common symbols. Each of these has a corresponding AbstractSymbol that it represents." (is-a ContentBearingObject) (role concrete)) (defclass %28EditionFn+ContentBearingObject+PositiveInteger+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a type of text (e.g. Agatha Christie's Murder_on_the_Orient_Express) and a number to the edition of the text type corresponding to the number.\"" (is-a ContentBearingObject) (role concrete)) (defclass OrganicObject "This class encompasses &%Organisms, &%CorpuscularObjects that are parts of &%Organisms, i.e. &%BodyParts, and &%CorpuscularObjects that are nonintentionally produced by &%Organisms, e.g. &%ReproductiveBodies." (is-a CorpuscularObject) (role concrete) (multislot developmentalForm_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%developmentalForm ?OBJECT ?FORM) means that ?FORM is an earlier stage in the individual maturation of ?OBJECT. For example, tadpole and caterpillar are &%developmentalForms of frogs and butterflies, respectively.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DevelopmentalAttribute) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AnatomicalStructure "A normal or pathological part of the anatomy or structural organization of an &%Organism. This class covers &%BodyParts, as well as structures that are given off by &%Organisms, e.g. &%ReproductiveBodies." (is-a OrganicObject) (role concrete)) (defclass AbnormalAnatomicalStructure "Any &%AnatomicalStructure which is not normally found in the &%Organism of which it is a part, i.e. it is the result of a &%PathologicProcess. This class covers tumors, birth marks, goiters, etc." (is-a AnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Tumor "Any &%AbnormalAnatomicalStructure which consists of a mass of &%Tissue. Note that this class covers both malignant (i.e. cancerous) and benign tumors." (is-a AbnormalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass BodyPart "A collection of &%Cells and &%Tissues which are localized to a specific area of an &%Organism and which are not pathological. The instances of this &%Class range from gross structures to small components of complex &%Organs." (is-a AnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass ReproductiveBody "Reproductive structure of &%Organisms. Consists of an &%Embryonic &%Object and a nutritive/protective envelope. Note that this class includes seeds, spores, and &%FruitOrVegetables, as well as the eggs produced by &%Animals." (is-a BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass BodyCovering "Any &%BodyPart which is a covering of another &%BodyPart or of an entire &%Organism. This would include the rinds of &%FruitOrVegetables and the skins of &%Animals." (is-a BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass BodyJunction "The place where two &%BodyParts meet or connect." (is-a BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass BodyVessel "Any tube-like structure which occurs naturally in an &%Organism and through which a &%BodySubstance can circulate." (is-a BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Cell "The fundamental structural and functional unit of living &%Organisms." (is-a BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Organ "A somewhat independent &%BodyPart that performs a specialized function. Note that this functional definition covers bodily systems, e.g. the digestive system or the central nervous system." (is-a BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Gland "An &%Organ that removes &%Substances from the &%Blood, alters them in some way, and then releases them." (is-a Organ) (role concrete)) (defclass ThyroidGland "A &%Gland in the neck that produces &%HormoneTSH, which regulates body weight, metabolic rate, etc." (is-a Gland) (role concrete)) (defclass AnimalAnatomicalStructure "&%AnatomicalStructures that are possessed exclusively by &%Animals." (is-a AnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Egg "The fertilized or unfertilized female &%ReproductiveBody of an &%Animal. This includes &%Bird and &%Reptile eggs, as well as mammalian ova." (is-a ReproductiveBody AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass SpinalColumn "A flexible column made out of bones called vertebrae. The main function of the &%SpinalColumn is to protect the spinal cord." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Skin "A BodyCovering that comprises part of the surface of &%Animals." (is-a BodyCovering AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass BronchialDuct "Any &%BodyVessel which is located in a &%Lung and which carries oxygen from the trachea to the alveoli." (is-a BodyVessel AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass BloodVessel "Any &%BodyVessel which is used to circulate &%Blood from one part of the body to another." (is-a BodyVessel AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Artery "Any &%BloodVessel which transfers &%Blood from the &%Heart to the extremities of the body." (is-a BloodVessel) (role concrete)) (defclass PulmonaryArtery "An &%Artery that carries &%Blood from the &%Heart to a &%Lung." (is-a Artery) (role concrete)) (defclass Lung "A respiratory organ of &%Vertebrates. Its function is to furnish the blood with oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Heart "The &%Organ that pumps &%Blood throughout the body." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Liver "An &%Organ that secretes bile and serves metabolic functions." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Mouth "Part of the &%Face, used for &%Ingesting &%Food and &%Vocalizing." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Tongue "Part of the &%Mouth, used for &%Tasting &%Food, &%Vocalizing, and the initial stage of &%Digesting." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Lip "Folds of &%Tissue surrounding the mouths of some &%Vertebrates." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Skeleton "The system of &%Bones that make up the supporting structure of &%Vertebrates." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Throat "A &%BodyVessel which connects the &%Mouth to the lungs and stomach." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyVessel) (role concrete)) (defclass Hair "A filament that covers part of the body of many &%Mammals." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Brain "The seat of the central nervous system." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Stomach "A muscular sac that is the principal organ of digestion." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Hypothalamus "The part of the &%Brain lying below the thalamus that serves to regulate &%AutonomicProcesses." (is-a BodyPart AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Eye "The &%Organ of sight." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Ear "The &%Organ of hearing." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Nose "The &%Organ of &%Smelling." (is-a Organ AnimalAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Hand "The grasping, fingered part of an upper limb of a &%Primate." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Finger "The five extremities of &%Hands." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Limb "Any of the limbs of a &%Vertebrate." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Arm "The upper &%Limbs of a &%Primate." (is-a Limb) (role concrete)) (defclass Leg "The lower &%Limbs of &%Primates." (is-a Limb) (role concrete)) (defclass Foot "The lower part of a &%Limb, the part which makes contact with the ground in locomotion of the &%Animal." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Toe "The five extremities of a &%Foot." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Knee "The joint in the &%Leg connecting the tibia and fibula with the femur." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyJunction) (role concrete)) (defclass Shoulder "The part of a &%Primate between the &%Arm and the neck." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Torso "The body of a &%Primate excluding its &%Limbs." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Head "The part of the body containing the sense organs and the brain." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Neck "The part of the body that connects the &%Head to the rest of the body." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Face "The part of the &%Head from forehead to chin and from ear to ear." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass Chin "A part of the &%Face which protrudes slightly and which is lower than all other parts of the &%Face." (is-a AnimalAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass PlantAnatomicalStructure "&%AnatomicalStructures that are possessed exclusively by &%Plants." (is-a AnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Pollen "A powder produced by &%FloweringPlants that contains male gametes and is capable of fertilizing the seeds of &%FloweringPlants of the same species." (is-a ReproductiveBody PlantAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Spore "Any &%ReproductiveBody of a &%NonFloweringPlant." (is-a ReproductiveBody PlantAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass Seed "The fertilized or unfertilized female &%ReproductiveBody of a &%FloweringPlant." (is-a ReproductiveBody PlantAnatomicalStructure) (role concrete)) (defclass FruitOrVegetable "Any fruit or vegetable, i.e. a ripened &%ReproductiveBody of a &%Plant. Note that &%FruitOrVegetable is not a subclass of &%Food, because some fruits, e.g. poisonous berries, are not edible." (is-a PlantAnatomicalStructure ReproductiveBody) (role concrete)) (defclass DateFruit "A &%FruitOrVegetable that is produced by the date palm." (is-a FruitOrVegetable) (role concrete)) (defclass Avocado "A &%FruitOrVegetable that is shaped like a pear and has a dark green skin and a rich meat." (is-a FruitOrVegetable) (role concrete)) (defclass PlantLeaf "An &%Organ of &%Plants whose main purpose is photosynthesis." (is-a PlantAnatomicalStructure Organ) (role concrete)) (defclass PlantBranch "The stem of a &%Plant or any shoot arising from the stem of a &%Plant." (is-a PlantAnatomicalStructure BodyPart) (role concrete)) (defclass PlantRoot "An &%Organ of &%Plants whose main purpose is twofold, viz. to absorb nutrients from the ground and to anchor the &%Plant in place." (is-a PlantAnatomicalStructure Organ) (role concrete)) (defclass Flower "The reproductive organ of &%FloweringPlants." (is-a PlantAnatomicalStructure Organ) (role concrete)) (defclass CellNucleus "The part of the &%Cell that contains DNA and RNA." (is-a OrganicObject) (role concrete)) (defclass Artifact "A &%CorpuscularObject that is the product of a &%Making." (is-a CorpuscularObject) (role concrete) (multislot version_S ;+ (comment "\"Some &%Artifacts have a life cycle with discrete stages or versions. (&%version ARTIFACT1 ARTIFACT2) means that ARTIFACT1 is a version of ARTIFACT2. Note that this &%Predicate relates subclasses of &%Artifact and not instances.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Artifact) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Text "A &%LinguisticExpression or set of &%LinguisticExpressions that perform a specific function related to &%Communicating, e.g. express a discourse about a particular topic, and that are inscribed in a &%CorpuscularObject by &%Humans." (is-a LinguisticExpression Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass MotionPicture "A &%ContentBearingObject which depicts motion (and which may have an audio or text component as well). This &%Class covers films, videos, etc." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass MotionPictureShot "A unit of action in a &%MotionPicture, a &%MotionPictureShot is a sequence of images which are captured by a single camera without interruption." (is-a MotionPicture) (role concrete)) (defclass FactualText "The class of &%Texts that purport to reveal facts about the world. Such texts are often known as information or as non-fiction. Note that something can be an instance of &%FactualText, even if it is wholly inaccurate. Whether something is a &%FactualText is determined by the beliefs of the agent creating the text." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass PartyPlatform "A &%Text which is authored by a &%PoliticalParty and which contains the core goals and principles of the &%PoliticalParty for a particular year or election cycle." (is-a FactualText) (role concrete)) (defclass Letter "A brief message which is intended to be mailed to a person or &%Organization." (is-a FactualText) (role concrete)) (defclass HistoricalAccount "A &%FactualAccount that describes significant events that occurred in the past." (is-a FactualText) (role concrete)) (defclass FictionalText "The class of &%Texts that purport to be largely a product of the author's imagination, i.e. the author does not believe that most of the content conveyed by the text is an accurate depiction of the real world. Note that something can be an instance of &%FictionalText, even if it is completely true. Whether something is a &%FictionalText is determined by the beliefs of the agent creating the text." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass DramaticPlay "A &%FictionalText that is intended to be realized as &%DramaticActing." (is-a FictionalText) (role concrete)) (defclass Opera "A &%DramaticPlay that is set to &%Music." (is-a DramaticPlay) (role concrete)) (defclass Book "A &%Text that has pages and is bound." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass HolyBible "Any instance of the collection of writings which is regarded as scripture by those who embrace &%Christianity." (is-a Book) (role concrete)) (defclass ReferenceBook "A &%Book which is not intended to be read from cover to cover, but which is meant to be consulted to answer specific factual questions, e.g. about the meaning of a word, the location of a country, etc." (is-a Book FactualText) (role concrete)) (defclass Dictionary "A &%ReferenceBook which specifies the meanings of the &%Words of a &%Language." (is-a ReferenceBook) (role concrete)) (defclass Novel "A &%FictionalText that is larger than a &%ShortStory and that is bound independently (i.e. it is a &%Book)." (is-a FictionalText Book) (role concrete)) (defclass Summary "A short &%Text that is a summary of another, longer &%Text." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass Series "A &%Text consisting of multiple self-contained units. Some examples are an encyclopedia containing a couple dozen volumes, a television series made up of many episodes, a film serial, etc." (is-a Text) (role concrete) (single-slot SeriesVolumeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a type of &%Series (e.g. the Encyclopedia_Britannica or the Popular_Mechanics periodical) and a number to the volumes of the text type designated by the number.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Periodical "A &%Series whose elements are published separately and on a periodic basis." (is-a Series) (role concrete) (single-slot PeriodicalIssueFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a subclass of &%Periodical and a number to all of the issues of the &%Periodical corresponding to the number.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Periodical) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Newspaper "A &%Periodical that is published on a daily or weekly basis, that contains &%Reports, and whose issues are printed on newsprint paper." (is-a Periodical) (role concrete)) (defclass Magazine "A &%Periodical that is softbound and printed on glossy paper." (is-a Periodical) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PeriodicalIssueFn+Periodical+PositiveInteger+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a subclass of &%Periodical and a number to all of the issues of the &%Periodical corresponding to the number.\"" (is-a Periodical) (role concrete)) (defclass BroadcastProgram "A &%Series of episodes that are broadcast on television or radio." (is-a Series) (role concrete)) (defclass NewsProgram "A &%BroadcastProgram that is devoted to reporting the latest events in a city, region, nation or the world at large." (is-a BroadcastProgram) (role concrete)) (defclass Article "A relatively short &%Text that either is unbound or is bound with other &%Articles in a &%Book." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass Chapter "A numbered and/or titled section of a &%Book, which is typically indicated in a table of contents for the &%Book." (is-a Article) (role concrete)) (defclass Report "A relatively brief &%FactualText, often it describes the findings of a study or experiment, or a series of observations." (is-a FactualText Article) (role concrete)) (defclass FinancialText "A &%Report about monetary figures. This class covers &%FinancialBills, balance sheets, account statements, etc." (is-a Report) (role concrete)) (defclass FinancialBill "A brief statement that the stated amount of money is owed by the person to whom the bill is delivered." (is-a FinancialText) (role concrete)) (defclass ShortStory "A brief work of fiction, often bound with other short stories in a &%Book or &%Periodical." (is-a FictionalText Article) (role concrete)) (defclass Certificate "A &%Text that confers a right or obligation on the holder of the &%Certificate. Note that the right or obligation need not be a legal one, as in the case of an academic diploma that grants certain privileges in the professional world." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass FinancialInstrument "A document having monetary value or recording a monetary transaction" (is-a Certificate) (role concrete) (single-slot AccountFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A function that takes a financial instrument and returns a FinancialAccount which is repesented by that instrument. This function is mentioned but not defined in SUM 1.56 or MILO -PJC 3-5-04.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FinancialAccount) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot issuedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%issuedBy ?Instrument ?Agent) means that a &%FinancialInstrument ?Instrument is produced and offered by ?Agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot signedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%signedBy ?Instrument ?Agent) means that ?Instrument has been signed by ?Agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Currency "Any element of the official currency of some &%Nation. This covers both &%CurrencyBills and &%CurrencyCoins." (is-a FinancialInstrument) (role concrete)) (defclass CurrencyBill "Any instance of &%Currency that is made of paper." (is-a Currency) (role concrete)) (defclass CurrencyCoin "Any instance of &%Currency that is made of &%Metal." (is-a Currency) (role concrete)) (defclass Stock "An instrument that signifies an ownership position, or equity, in a &%Corporation, and represents a claim on its proportionate share in the corporation's assets and profits." (is-a FinancialInstrument) (role concrete) (multislot stockHolder_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%stockHolder ?Stock ?Agent) means that ?Agent possesses the &%Stock ?Stock.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot stockOf_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%stockOf ?Stock ?Corporation) means that ?Stock is issued by the &%Corporation ?Corporation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Corporation) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Security "An investment instrument, other than an insurance policy or a fixed annuity issued by a corporation, government, or other organization which offers evidence of debt or equity." (is-a FinancialInstrument) (role concrete)) (defclass Check "A &%FinancialInstrument drawn against deposited funds, to pay a specified amount of money to a specific person upon demand." (is-a FinancialInstrument) (role concrete) (multislot checkAccount_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%checkAccount ?Check ?Account) means that ?Account is the &%FinancialAccount from which the amount specifed on the check is paid.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FinancialAccount) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass PayCheck "A check issued to an employee in payment of salary or wages." (is-a Check) (role concrete)) (defclass Bond "A debt instrument issued for a period of more than one year with the purpose of raising capital by borrowing. The Federal government, states, cities, corporations, and many other types of institutions sell bonds. A bond is generally a promise to repay the principal along with interest on a specified &%maturityDate." (is-a FinancialInstrument) (role concrete) (multislot couponInterest_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%couponInterest ?BOND ?INTEREST) means that ?INTEREST is the periodic interest payment made to bondholders during the life of the ?BOND.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Patent "A &%Certificate that expresses the content of an invention that has been accorded legal protection by a governemental entity." (is-a Certificate) (role concrete)) (defclass AcademicDegree "A &%Certificate that demonstrates that the holder of the &%Certificate has successfully completed an &%EducationalProgram." (is-a Certificate) (role concrete)) (defclass InsurancePolicy "A &%Certificate that states the terms of an insurance contract." (is-a Certificate) (role concrete)) (defclass Lyrics "Any &%Text which is intended to be sung." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass MusicalComposition "A &%Text that expresses the notes, words, etc. of a song or other sort of &%Music." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass SoundRecording "Any &%Text which is a recording of &%RadiatingSound." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass RecordAlbum "A &%SoundRecording that has the form of a plastic or glass disk with continuous grooves that are transformed into sound by a record player." (is-a SoundRecording) (role concrete)) (defclass Label "A very brief &%Text that is attached to an &%Object and that indicates very specific information about the &%Object, e.g. its name, its &%monetaryValue, etc." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass Form "A page or set of pages containing spaces where information is to be entered by an &%Agent." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass TaxReturn "A &%Form that is used for calculating the amount of income tax owed in a given year." (is-a Form) (role concrete)) (defclass Application "A &%Form whose purpose is to obtain admission to an &%Organization or to receive assistance from an &%Organization." (is-a Form) (role concrete)) (defclass NarrativeText "Any &%Text that tells a story, whether true or false." (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass DocumentPhysical "A DocumentPhysical is a solid object containing at least some written linguistic information." (is-a Text) (role concrete) (multislot containsInformation_S ;+ (comment "\"A subrelation of &%represents. This predicate relates a &%ContentBearingObject to the &%Proposition that is` expressed by the &%ContentBearingObject. Examples include the relationships between a physical novel and its story and between a printed score and its musical content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DocumentalProposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAbstractContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractContent relates a physical object haing information content to the abstract entity that the physical object represents. This differs from the SUMO containsInformation' only in that the SUMO relation has Proposition as its domain 2 and this relation has AbstractInformationalEntity, which is not necessarily a Proposition, e.g. it could be an AbstractString.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Invoice "A physical document which states that a buyer owes, or does not owe, money for goods or services purchased from a seller." (is-a Statement DocumentPhysical) (role concrete) (multislot containsInformation_S ;+ (comment "\"A subrelation of &%represents. This predicate relates a &%ContentBearingObject to the &%Proposition that is` expressed by the &%ContentBearingObject. Examples include the relationships between a physical novel and its story and between a printed score and its musical content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes InvoiceProposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAbstractContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractContent relates a physical object haing information content to the abstract entity that the physical object represents. This differs from the SUMO containsInformation' only in that the SUMO relation has Proposition as its domain 2 and this relation has AbstractInformationalEntity, which is not necessarily a Proposition, e.g. it could be an AbstractString.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractInvoice) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass EncodedDocument "An EncodedDocument is a Document produced by some process of Encoding. Encoding must use some procedure other than writing in a widely-used language, it must have some non-obvious features that make interpretation more difficult without knowledge of the encoding procedure." (is-a DocumentPhysical) (role concrete)) (defclass EncryptedDocument "An EncryptedDocument is a Document produced by an EncryptionProcess. The encryption is intended to prevent interpretation of the document by unintended recipients." (is-a EncodedDocument) (role concrete)) (defclass %28SeriesVolumeFn+Series+PositiveInteger+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a type of &%Series (e.g. the Encyclopedia_Britannica or the Popular_Mechanics periodical) and a number to the volumes of the text type designated by the number.\"" (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass %28DocumentFn+Proposition%29 "\"(&%DocumentFn ?PROP) denotes the class of &%ContentBearingObjects that contain the information ?PROP.\"" (is-a Text) (role concrete)) (defclass Product "An &%Artifact that is produced by &%Manufacturing and that is intended to be sold." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass CommercialItem "An article of commerce sold as a unit, corresponding to the 'Item' class used in the UBL specification. This represents a 'package' for sale and may have any number of individual manufactured objects in it, such as a pair of shoes, a bag of potatoes, or a kit with several different types of items as components." (is-a Product) (role concrete)) (defclass JoineryObject-236WV "This is the class of objects, the sale of certain instances of which is referred to in the sample invoice JoineryInvoice-2003-00645, used in development of the Ontology Invoice ontology." (is-a Product Softwood) (role concrete)) (defclass StationaryArtifact "A &%StationaryArtifact is an &%Artifact that has a fixed spatial location. Most instances of this &%Class are architectural works, e.g. the Eiffel Tower, the Great Pyramids, office towers, single-family houses, etc." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete) (single-slot unitNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%unitNumber ?UNIT ?ADDRESS) means that the &%StationaryArtifact ?UNIT is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot StreetAddressFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%StreetAddressFn ?BUILDING ?ROAD ?CITY ?COUNTRY) returns the &%Agent, e.g. a family, an organization, a person, etc. that resides or conducts business at the corresponding &%address.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot humanCapacity_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%humanCapacity ?CONSTRUCT ?NUMBER) means that the &%StationaryArtifact ?CONSTRUCT, e.g. a &%Building or a &%Room, can hold a maximum of ?NUMBER &%Humans without crowding.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Building "The Class of &%StationaryArtifacts which are intended to house &%Humans and their activities." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete) (single-slot streetNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%streetNumber ?BUILDING ?ADDRESS) means that the &%Building ?BUILDING is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Auditorium "Any &%Building whose purpose is to hold concerts, sports events, plays, etc. before an audience. This class includes theaters, sports stadiums, university auditoriums, etc." (is-a Building) (role concrete)) (defclass ReligiousBuilding "A &%Building which is intended to be used for religious worship. This class covers churches, temples, religious shrines, etc." (is-a Building) (role concrete)) (defclass Barn "A &%Building on a &%Farm that is used for keeping &%DomesticAnimals, &%Fodder or harvested crops." (is-a Building) (role concrete)) (defclass TerminalBuilding "A &%TerminalBuilding is a &%Building located at a &%TransitTerminal and used in connection with its functions." (is-a Building) (role concrete)) (defclass Room "A &%properPart of a &%Building which is separated from the exterior of the &%Building and/or other &%Rooms of the &%Building by walls. Some &%Rooms may have a specific purpose, e.g. sleeping, bathing, cooking, entertainment, etc." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Kitchen "A &%Room intended for &%Cooking." (is-a Room) (role concrete)) (defclass Bedroom "A &%Room intended primarily for sleeping." (is-a Room) (role concrete)) (defclass CourtRoom "Any &%Room whose purpose is to realize &%JudicialProcesses." (is-a Room) (role concrete)) (defclass Residence "A &%Building or part of a &%Building which provides some accomodation for sleeping." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass PermanentResidence "A &%Residence where people live, i.e. where people have a &%home." (is-a Residence) (role concrete)) (defclass SingleFamilyResidence "A &%PermanentResidence which is intended to be the &%home of a single &%SocialUnit. This class covers &%Houses, &%ApartmentUnits, and &%CondominiumUnits." (is-a PermanentResidence) (role concrete)) (defclass ApartmentUnit "A &%SingleFamilyResidence that is not owned by any member of the &%SocialUnit that lives there." (is-a SingleFamilyResidence) (role concrete)) (defclass CondominiumUnit "A &%SingleFamilyResidence that may be owned by a member of the &%SocialUnit that lives there." (is-a SingleFamilyResidence) (role concrete)) (defclass ExecutiveResidence "A &%Residence of a &%chiefOfState, e.g. the White House, a state governor's mansion, Buckingham Palace, etc." (is-a PermanentResidence) (role concrete)) (defclass TemporaryResidence "A &%Residence which is strictly temporary, i.e. where no one makes his/her &%home." (is-a Residence) (role concrete)) (defclass HospitalBuilding "The building facility of a Hospital (A &%CareOrganization) where patients reside for a short period of time while they undergo treatment for a disease or disorder." (is-a TemporaryResidence) (role concrete)) (defclass ResidentialBuilding "A &%Building which provides some accomodation for sleeping. Note that this class does not cover just permanent residences, e.g. &%Houses and condominium and apartment buildings, but also temporary residences, e.g. hotels and dormitories. &%ResidentialBuildings are also distinguished from &%CommercialBuildings, which are intended to serve an organizational rather than a residential function." (is-a Building Residence) (role concrete)) (defclass House "A &%ResidentialBuilding which is intended to be inhabited by members of the same &%SocialUnit. &%Houses are distinguished from temporary housing like hotels and multi-family dwellings like condominium and apartment buildings." (is-a ResidentialBuilding SingleFamilyResidence) (role concrete)) (defclass ApartmentBuilding "A &%ResidentialBuilding containing &%ApartmentUnits." (is-a ResidentialBuilding) (role concrete)) (defclass CondominiumBuilding "A &%ResidentialBuilding containing &%CondominiumUnits." (is-a ResidentialBuilding) (role concrete)) (defclass ArtStudio "A &%Room, suite of &%Rooms or &%Building which is devoted to the creation of &%ArtWorks." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Mine "An construction in the earth from which &%Minerals are removed, either in pure form or as part of ores." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass PlaceOfCommerce "A &%Building or part of a &%Building which is intended for organizational activities, e.g. retail or wholesale selling, manufacturing, office work, etc." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass CommercialBuilding "A &%Building which is intended for organizational activities, e.g. retail or wholesale selling, manufacturing, office work, etc." (is-a Building PlaceOfCommerce) (role concrete)) (defclass CommercialUnit "A &%Room or suite of &%Rooms intended for clerical and/or professional work of a single &%Organization." (is-a PlaceOfCommerce) (role concrete)) (defclass Steeple "A component of a &%ReligiousBuilding that is tall and narrow and symbolizes the connection between humanity and a deity." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Steps "A &%StationaryArtifact which allows one to climb, step by step, from one level to another." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Doorway "A &%StationaryArtifact consisting of a frame that holds a &%Door." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Window "A &%StationaryArtifact composed of transparent glass or plastic that admits light (and possibly air) into a &%Room or &%Building." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Wall "A &%StationaryArtifact that supports a &%Building or partitions it into &%Rooms." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Floor "A &%StationaryArtifact that is the bottom surface of a &%Room." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Roof "The &%top of a &%Building." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass BuildingLevel "The story or level of a building, e.g. the &%Basement, the &%Attic, the ground level, the fourteenth floor, etc." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Basement "A &%BuildingLevel which satisfies two conditions, viz. it is lower than all of the other &%BuildingLevels in the same &%Building and it is below ground level." (is-a BuildingLevel) (role concrete)) (defclass Garage "A &%Building or part of a &%Building which is intended to house one or more &%Automobiles." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Porch "A &%StationaryArtifact which is &%connected to a &%Building and which provides some shelter in entering or leaving the &%Building or in sitting outside." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Sidewalk "A prepared path for pedestrians alongside a &%Roadway." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Fence "A &%StationaryArtifact that serves to demarcate or to prevent access to or from the area that the &%Fence surrounds." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass SportsGround "A specially designated and maintained area where &%Sports are played." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass IndustrialPlant "A &%Building or part of a &%Building or group of &%Buildings whose purpose is to &%Manufacturing something." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Laboratory "A &%Building, &%Room or suite of &%Rooms where scientific research, i.e. &%Experimenting, is conducted." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Farm "A &%StationaryArtifact consisting of a cultivated &%LandArea and &%Buildings for maintaining the land and/or the &%Animals on the land." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass PerformanceStage "A large platform for theatrical plays, lectures, dances, music recitals, etc, which can be observed by an audience." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass RailroadTrack "&%RailroadTrack is the class of &%StationaryArtifacts consisting of rails laid on supports to form a track for railway vehicles." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass TransitTerminal "A &%TransitTerminal is a place where travellers or transportation devices begin or end their journeys, or where passengers and/or goods may be transferred. At a terminal, &%Vehicles may be received, assigned, sent out, or stored." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass TrainStation "A TransitTerminal where trains may stop to pick up or discharge passengers or cargo." (is-a TransitTerminal) (role concrete)) (defclass BroadcastingStation "A &%BroadcastingStation is a &%TelevisionStation or a &%RadioStation." (is-a StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass RadioStation "A &%RadioStation is a &%BroadcastingStation that broadcasts programs that are intended to be received by &%Radios." (is-a BroadcastingStation) (role concrete)) (defclass TelevisionStation "A &%TelevisionStation is a &%BroadcastingStation that broadcasts programs that are intended to be received by &%Television." (is-a BroadcastingStation) (role concrete)) (defclass ArtWork "&%Artifacts that are created primarily for aesthetic appreciation. Note that this &%Class does not include most examples of architecture, which belong under &%StationaryArtifact." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass RepresentationalArtWork "Any &%ArtWork that represents something &%Physical." (is-a ArtWork Icon) (role concrete)) (defclass PaintedPicture "Any &%ArtWork which is produced by &%Painting." (is-a ArtWork) (role concrete)) (defclass Sketch "Any &%ArtWork which is produced by a pencil or piece of charcoal." (is-a ArtWork) (role concrete)) (defclass Collage "Any abstract &%ArtWork that is produced by arranging bits of paper or photographs." (is-a ArtWork) (role concrete)) (defclass Fabric "&%Artifacts that are created by weaving together natural or synthetic fibers or by treating the skins of certain sorts of &%Animals. Note that this &%Class includes articles that are created by stitching together various types of fabrics, e.g. bedspreads. On the other hand, &%Clothing is not a &%subclass of &%Fabric, because many clothing items contain elements that are not fabrics." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Leather "A &%Fabric that is the result of tanning an &%Animal &%Skin." (is-a Fabric) (role concrete)) (defclass Pocket "A pouch of &%Fabric in an instance of &%Clothing where something can be kept." (is-a Fabric) (role concrete)) (defclass Blanket "A piece of &%Fabric whose purpose is to keep a sleeping person warm." (is-a Fabric) (role concrete)) (defclass Clothing "&%Artifact made out of fabrics and possibly other materials that are used to cover the bodies of &%Humans." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass OutdoorClothing "&%Clothing that is intended to be worn outdoors." (is-a Clothing) (role concrete)) (defclass Hat "A type of &%Clothing that is worn on the &%Head. Note that this class covers caps, bonnets, berets, etc." (is-a OutdoorClothing) (role concrete)) (defclass Coat "&%Clothing that has sleeves and covers from the neck down. &%Coats are intended to be worn outdoors." (is-a OutdoorClothing) (role concrete)) (defclass Shoe "&%Clothing that is intended to be worn on the &%Foot. It consists of an upper, a sole, and a heel." (is-a Clothing) (role concrete)) (defclass Shirt "An item of &%Clothing which covers the upper body of a &%Human." (is-a Clothing) (role concrete)) (defclass Dress "An item of &%Clothing which covers the lower body of a &%Woman." (is-a Clothing) (role concrete)) (defclass Device "A &%Device is an &%Artifact whose purpose is to serve as an &%instrument in a specific subclass of &%Process." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass MusicalInstrument "A &%Device which is manipulated by a &%Human and whose purpose is to produce &%Music." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Piano "A &%MusicalInstrument with keys that, when pressed down, activate hammers that, in turn, strike strings." (is-a MusicalInstrument) (role concrete)) (defclass TransportationDevice "A &%TransportationDevice is a &%Device which serves as the &%instrument in a &%Transportation &%Process which carries the &%patient of the &%Process from one point to another." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Vehicle "&%Vehicle is the subclass of &%TransportationDevices that transport passengers or goods from one place to another by moving from one place to the other with them, e.g., cars, trucks, ferries, and airplanes. Contrast with devices such as &%Pipelines, escalators, or supermarket checkout belts, which carry items from one place to another by means of a moving part, without the device removing from the origin to the destination." (is-a TransportationDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Spacecraft "Any &%Vehicle which is capable of &%SpaceTransportation." (is-a Vehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Missile "A &%Spacecraft which is propelled by a rocket." (is-a Spacecraft) (role concrete)) (defclass LandVehicle "&%LandVehicle is the class of &%Vehicles that travel on land. The two main types of &%LandVehicle are &%RoadVehicle and &%RailVehicle." (is-a Vehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass RoadVehicle "A LandVehicle which is designed primarily to travel on roads, in contrast to land vehicles like tanks that can travel across country." (is-a LandVehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Automobile "A &%RoadVehicle with an internal combustion engine." (is-a RoadVehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Truck "An &%RoadVehicle whose primary purpose is the &%Transportation of entities other than &%Humans." (is-a RoadVehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Trailer "An unpowered vehicle moved by attaching to the rear of a powered vehicle." (is-a RoadVehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Motorcycle "A powered vehicle similar to a Cycle, but with a motor." (is-a RoadVehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass RailVehicle "A &%LandVehicle that runs along fixed rails." (is-a LandVehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Train "&%Train is the subclass of &%Vehicle whose instances are linked sequences of &%Wagons." (is-a RailVehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Wagon "A &%Landcraft that is not self-propelled, but must be pulled by either an &%Animal or a self-propelled &%Vehicle to move along the ground." (is-a LandVehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass StageCoach "A &%Wagon that is pulled by &%Horses and whose purpose was to transport &%Humans and their luggage from one &%City to the next, especially in areas which did not have an established transportation system, e.g. the old west." (is-a Wagon) (role concrete)) (defclass Watercraft "&%Watercraft is the class of all &%Vehicles used to travel on or in water." (is-a Vehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Aircraft "Any &%Vehicle which is capable of &%AirTransportation. Note that this class covers both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters." (is-a Vehicle) (role concrete)) (defclass Helicopter "Any &%Aircraft with rapidly rotating wings." (is-a Aircraft) (role concrete)) (defclass FixedWingAircraft "A heavier-than-air aricraft whose wings do not rotate in order to provide lift." (is-a Aircraft) (role concrete)) (defclass Airplane "&%Airplane is the subclass of &%Aircraft that are fixed-wing aircraft which carry their own power sources. &%Airplane includes jet airplanes and propeller planes, but not gliders." (is-a Aircraft) (role concrete)) (defclass MeasuringDevice "Any &%Device whose purpose is to measure a &%PhysicalQuantity." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Clock "Any &%Device that measures and represents &%TimeDuration or &%TimePosition." (is-a MeasuringDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Thermometer "Any &%Device that measures and represents &%TemperatureMeasure." (is-a MeasuringDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass AttachingDevice "A &%Device whose purpose is to attach one thing to something else, e.g. nails, screws, buttons, etc." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Screw "An &%AttachingDevice which contains a spiral of grooves to hold it in place and which is fastened with a screwdriver." (is-a AttachingDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Tape "A thin strip of &%Fabric or &%Paper that is used to attach two things." (is-a AttachingDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Weapon "The &%Class of &%Devices that are designed primarily to damage or destroy &%Humans/&%Animals, &%StationaryArtifacts or the places inhabited by &%Humans/&%Animals." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Projectile "A missile, bullet, etc. that is fired from a &%Weapon." (is-a Weapon) (role concrete)) (defclass Gun "A &%Weapon that shoots a &%Projectile." (is-a Weapon) (role concrete)) (defclass ArtilleryGun "A &%Gun that is too large to be carried and fired by a single &%Human. Typically, &%ArtilleryGuns are on wheels." (is-a Gun) (role concrete)) (defclass Firearm "A &%Gun that is small enough to be carried and fired by a single &%Human." (is-a Gun) (role concrete)) (defclass Rifle "A &%Firearm with a long barrel that is intended to be fired from the shoulder." (is-a Firearm) (role concrete)) (defclass Pistol "A &%Firearm that is intended to be aimed and fired with a single hand." (is-a Firearm) (role concrete)) (defclass Machine "&%Machines are &%Devices that that have a well-defined &%resource and &%result and that automatically convert the &%resource into the &%result." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass EngineeringComponent "A fundamental concept that applies in many engineering domains. An &%EngineeringComponent is an element of a &%Device that is a physically whole object, such as one might see listed as standard parts in a catalog. The main difference betweeen &%EngineeringComponents and arbitrary globs of matter is that &%EngineeringComponents are object-like in a modeling sense. Thus, an &%EngineeringComponent is not an arbtrary subregion, but a part of a system with a stable identity." (is-a Device) (role concrete) (single-slot engineeringSubcomponent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%engineeringSubcomponent ?SUB ?SUPER) means that the &%EngineeringComponent ?SUB is structurally a &%properPart ?SUPER. This relation is an &%AsymmetricRelation, since two &%EngineeringComponents cannot be subcomponents of each other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EngineeringComponent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot connectedEngineeringComponents_S ;+ (comment "\"This is the most general connection relation between &%EngineeringComponents. If (&%connectedEngineeringComponents ?COMP1 ?COMP2), then neither ?COMP1 nor ?COMP2 can be an &%engineeringSubcomponent of the other. The relation &%connectedEngineeringComponents is a &%SymmetricRelation; there is no information in the direction of connection between two components. It is also an &%IrreflexiveRelation; no &%EngineeringComponent bears this relation to itself. Note that this relation does not associate a name or type with the connection.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EngineeringComponent) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass EngineeringConnection "An &%EngineeringConnection is an &%EngineeringComponent that represents a connection relationship between two other &%EngineeringComponents. It is a reification of the &%Predicate &%connectedEngineeringComponents. That means that whenever this &%Predicate holds between two &%EngineeringComponents, there exists an &%EngineeringConnection. The practical reason for reifying a relationship is to be able to attach other information about it. For example, one might want to say that a particular connection is associated with some shared parameters, or that it is of a particular type. &%EngineeringConnections are &%EngineeringComponents and can therefore be an &%engineeringSubcomponent of other &%EngineeringComponents. However, to provide for modular regularity in component systems, &%EngineeringConnections cannot be connected. For each pair of &%EngineeringComponents related by &%connectedEngineeringComponents, there exists at least one &%EngineeringConnection. However, that object may not be unique, and the same &%EngineeringConnection may be associated with several pairs of &%EngineeringComponents." (is-a EngineeringComponent) (role concrete) (single-slot connectsEngineeringComponents_S ;+ (comment "\"&%connectsEngineeringComponents is a &%TernaryPredicate that maps from an &%EngineeringConnection to the &%EngineeringComponents it connects. Since &%EngineeringComponents cannot be connected to themselves and there cannot be an &%EngineeringConnection without a &%connectedEngineeringComponents &%Predicate, the second and third arguments of any &%connectsEngineeringComponents relationship will always be distinct for any given first argument.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EngineeringComponent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass GunStock "The part of a &%Gun that is placed against the shoulder to absorb some of the recoil action when it is fired." (is-a EngineeringComponent) (role concrete)) (defclass Manifold "A pipe which has several outlets for other pipes that flow into or out of it." (is-a EngineeringComponent) (role concrete)) (defclass CommunicationDevice "A &%CommunicationDevice is a &%Device which serves at the &%instrument in a &%Communication &%Process by allowing the communicated message to be conveyed between the participants." (is-a EngineeringComponent) (role concrete)) (defclass Antenna "A &%CommunicationDevice which enables or improves the reception of &%RadioEmissions by another &%CommunicationDevice (the radio or television receiver)." (is-a CommunicationDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass BirthControlDevice "&%Devices which permit sexual intercourse but which reduce the likelihood of conception." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass SwitchDevice "A &%Device which is capable of turning an &%ElectricDevice on and off." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Transducer "A &%Device which is capable of converting one form of energy into another." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Aerator "A &%Device whose purpose is to mix &%Substances with &%Air." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Filter "A &%Device whose purpose is to remove part of a &%Solution that is passed through the &%Filter." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass FileDevice "A &%Device whose purpose is to make something smoother. For example, a nail file is used to even out the tips of one's finger nails." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass ElectricDevice "Any &%Device that is powered by electricity." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Radar "An &%ElectricDevice that emits and receives microwave radiation for the purpose of locating and tracking distant objects." (is-a ElectricDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Telephone "A &%Device that permits &%LinguisticCommunication between remote points by converting sound into electrical signals that are then transmitted. When the signals are received, they are converted back into sound." (is-a ElectricDevice CommunicationDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Radio "A &%Radio is a &%Device for receiving radio broadcast signals from a &%RadioStation." (is-a CommunicationDevice ElectricDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Television "A &%Television is a &%Device for receiving television broadcast signals from a &%TelevisionStation." (is-a CommunicationDevice ElectricDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass SecurityDevice "A &%Device whose purpose is to protect people or property from kidnappers and/or thieves." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Lock "A &%Device, which, through a &%Key or a combination prevents access to a &%Container or &%StationaryArtifact." (is-a SecurityDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Key "A &%Device which opens and closes a &%Lock." (is-a SecurityDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass SecurityAlarm "A &%SecurityDevice that detects intrusions to a &%StationaryArtifact and issues a warning of some sort." (is-a SecurityDevice ElectricDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass LightFixture "Any &%Device whose purpose is to be a source of visible light." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Holder "A large class of &%Devices whose purpose is to hold something else, i.e. be the &%instrument of a &%Keeping." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Saddle "A &%Device which allows a &%Human to ride on a &%Horse." (is-a Holder) (role concrete)) (defclass Tray "A &%Holder that is designed for &%Food, dishes, and flatware." (is-a Holder) (role concrete)) (defclass Container "Any &%Holder whose purpose is to contain something else. Note that &%Container is more specific in meaning than &%Holder, because a &%Container must have a &%Hole that is at least partially filled by the thing contained." (is-a Holder) (role concrete)) (defclass ProjectileShell "The outer casing of a &%Projectile." (is-a Container) (role concrete)) (defclass Box "Any six-sided &%Container whose sides are rectangular in shape." (is-a Container) (role concrete)) (defclass TravelContainer "Any &%Container which is intended to be used for carrying clothing, toiletries, and other personal effects that would be needed on a overnight trip." (is-a Container) (role concrete)) (defclass FluidContainer "A &%Container which is used to store &%Fluids, i.e. &%Liquids and &%Gases." (is-a Container) (role concrete)) (defclass Bottle "A &%Container whose top is narrower than its bottom, which has no handle, and which is intended to store &%Liquids." (is-a FluidContainer) (role concrete)) (defclass Cup "An open &%FluidContainer that is intended to serve a &%Beverage to a single person. Note that this class includes both cups with handles and drinking glasses." (is-a FluidContainer) (role concrete)) (defclass Camera "A &%Device which is capable of &%Photographing." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass UserPoweredDevice "A device which moves by application of the muscle power of the user." (is-a Device) (role concrete)) (defclass Cycle "A type of land vehicle with wheels ppowered by the user." (is-a LandVehicle UserPoweredDevice) (role concrete)) (defclass Bicycle "A type of Cycle having two wheels." (is-a Cycle) (role concrete)) (defclass DisplayBoard "A large board for posting information so that it can be disseminated to the public." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Wheel "A circular &%Artifact which is a component of &%LandVehicles and of some &%Devices." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Paper "An &%Artifact made of cellulose pulp that is intended to contain a &%Text." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Wire "A long, thin strand of &%Metal that is used in a wide range of applications, including the wiring of electrical systems, creating bundles and the construction of cages." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Plug "An &%Artifact which is designed to fit snugly within a &%Hole." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass CigarOrCigarette "A tube of thin paper containing finely ground tobacco that is smoked." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Pottery "Household &%Artifacts that are made out of baked &%Clay." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Furniture "Any free-standing &%Artifacts which are not &%Devices and which are used in day-to-day living." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Seat "Any instance of &%Furniture which is designed to accommodate &%Humans who are &%Sitting." (is-a Furniture) (role concrete)) (defclass Chair "A &%Seat that is designed to accommodate a single &%Human." (is-a Seat) (role concrete)) (defclass AuditoriumSeat "A &%Seat within an &%Auditorium from which one can observe the &%PerformanceStage." (is-a Seat) (role concrete)) (defclass Bed "A piece of &%Furniture which is primarily for sleeping." (is-a Furniture) (role concrete)) (defclass Table "A piece of &%Furniture with four legs and a flat top. It is used either for eating, paperwork or meetings." (is-a Furniture) (role concrete)) (defclass Desk "A &%Table for a single person which is intended to be used for paperwork." (is-a Table) (role concrete)) (defclass BoardOrBlock "A piece of material with flat, rectangular sides. Note that boards and blocks are lumped into a single concept, because the difference between these notions cannot be precisely defined." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass MobileResidence "Anything which serves to house people but which changes its location from time to time, e.g. a motorhome, a mobile home, a camp, etc. Note that &%MobileResidence is disjoint from &%Residence, because the latter is a subclass of &%StationaryArtifact." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Camp "A &%MobileResidence consisting of tents and other temporary living quarters that is constructed on an undeveloped &%LandArea." (is-a MobileResidence) (role concrete)) (defclass Tent "A &%MobileResidence that is made of &%Fabric and poles and can be easily assembled and disassembled." (is-a MobileResidence) (role concrete)) (defclass AnimalResidence "An &%Artifact which is intended to house &%Animals and not &%Humans. Note that an &%AnimalResidence may or may not be a &%StationaryArtifact, e.g. a horse stall is stationary while a doghouse generally is not." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Door "An &%Artifact that restricts and permits access to a &%StationaryArtifact (e.g. &%Building or &%Room) depending on whether the &%Door is open or locked. Note that the class &%Door also covers gates, because it is not possible to define objective criteria that reliably distinguish doors from gates." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass GameArtifact "An &%Artifact that is designed to be used as an &%instrument in a &%Game." (is-a Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass GameBoard "A &%GameArtifact which is intended to be used as the game area for playing a particular game." (is-a GameArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass GamePiece "A &%GameArtifact that is moved around in a game area." (is-a GameArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Ball "Any &%GamePiece which has the shape of a sphere." (is-a GamePiece) (role concrete)) (defclass GameGoal "The location where a &%GameShot must end up if it is to constitute a &%Score." (is-a GameArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass ContentBearingArtifact "A ContentBearingObject that is an Artifact." (is-a ContentBearingObject Artifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Nest "Any structure which is created by nonhuman &%Animals for the purpose of giving birth to their offspring." (is-a CorpuscularObject) (role concrete)) (defclass Food "Any &%SelfConnectedObject containing &%Nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, that can be ingested by a living &%Animal and metabolized into energy and body tissue." (is-a SelfConnectedObject) (role concrete)) (defclass Meat "Any &%Food which was originally part of an &%Animal and is not ingested by drinking, including eggs and animal blood that is eaten as food. Note that this class covers both raw meat and meat that has been prepared in some way, e.g. by cooking. Note too that preparations involving &%Meat and &%FruitOrVegetable are classed directly under &%Food." (is-a Food) (role concrete)) (defclass ChickenMeat "&%Meat that was originally part of a &%Chicken." (is-a Meat) (role concrete)) (defclass Beverage "Any &%Food that is ingested by &%Drinking. Note that this class is disjoint with the other subclasses of &%Food, i.e. &%Meat and &%FruitOrVegetable." (is-a Food) (role concrete)) (defclass Milk "A nutritious &%BodySubstance produced by &%Mammals." (is-a LiquidBodySubstance Beverage) (role concrete)) (defclass AlcoholicBeverage "Any &%Beverage that contains &%Alcohol." (is-a Beverage) (role concrete)) (defclass DistilledAlcoholicBeverage "An &%AlcoholicBeverage that has had some part of its &%Water content removed by distillation. This class covers drinks of unmixed, hard liquor." (is-a AlcoholicBeverage) (role concrete)) (defclass Whiskey "A &%DistilledAlcoholicBeverage that is prepared by distilling fermented grain mash." (is-a DistilledAlcoholicBeverage) (role concrete)) (defclass Beer "An &%AlcoholicBeverage that is prepared by fermenting malt and hops." (is-a AlcoholicBeverage) (role concrete)) (defclass PreparedFood "&%Food that is the result of &%Cooking." (is-a Food) (role concrete)) (defclass SoupStock "&%Food which is prepared by reducing &%Meat and/or &%FruitOrVegetables to a translucent broth which can be used as a base for soups or sauces." (is-a PreparedFood) (role concrete)) (defclass Coffee "A &%Beverage which is prepared by infusing ground, roasted coffee beans into hot water." (is-a Beverage PreparedFood) (role concrete)) (defclass RawFood "&%Food that is not the result of &%Cooking." (is-a Food) (role concrete)) (defclass Fodder "&%Fodder is the subclass of &%Food that is intended for instances of &%DomesticAnimal." (is-a Food) (role concrete)) (defclass Hay "&%Grass that has been cut and cured for use as &%Fodder." (is-a Fodder) (role concrete)) (defclass FlowRegion "&%FlowRegion is a class of things whose boundaries are relatively stable but whose constitutive &%material is continuously moving through the region itself and being replaced by other, similar material. Each &%FlowRegion is constituted by a stream of matter moving as a whole. A &%FlowRegion may be liquid or gaseous. A wind may be considered as a &%Process or as a &%FlowRegion, similarly an ocean current or a &%WaterWave. Note that certain properties belong to the &%FlowRegion itself (e.g., mass, length, volume, temperature, and speed or velocity of the region moving as a whole), while other properties of interest belong to the &%Motion of its constitutive stuff (e.g., velocity, direction). The motion of a &%FlowRegion as a whole (e.g. the jet stream moves within the atmosphere) is distinguished from the motion of the &%pieces of stuff constituting the &%FlowRegion." (is-a SelfConnectedObject) (role concrete)) (defclass AirStream "&%AirStream is the class of &%FlowRegions that consist of air." (is-a FlowRegion Air) (role concrete)) (defclass Wind "&%Wind is the class of variable &%AirStreams that occur in &%EarthsAtmosphere." (is-a AirStream) (role concrete)) (defclass %28FrontFn+SelfConnectedObject%29 "\"A &%Function that maps an &%Object to the side that generally receives the most attention or that typically faces the direction in which the &%Object moves. Note that this is a partial function, since some &%Objects do not have sides, e.g. apples and spheres. Note too that the &%range of this &%Function is indefinite in much the way that &%ImmediateFutureFn and &%ImmediatePastFn are indefinite. Although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases.\"" (is-a SelfConnectedObject) (role concrete)) (defclass %28BackFn+SelfConnectedObject%29 "\"A &%Function that maps an &%Object to the side that is opposite the &%FrontFn of the &%Object. Note that this is a partial function, since some &%Objects do not have sides, e.g. apples and spheres. Note too that the &%range of this &%Function is indefinite in much the way that &%ImmediateFutureFn and &%ImmediatePastFn are indefinite. Although this indefiniteness is undesirable from a theoretical standpoint, it does not have significant practical implications, since there is widespread intersubjective agreement about the most common cases.\"" (is-a SelfConnectedObject) (role concrete)) (defclass Collection "Collections have &%members like &%Classes, but, unlike &%Classes, they have a position in space-time and &%members can be added and subtracted without thereby changing the identity of the &%Collection. Some examples are toolkits, football teams, and flocks of sheep." (is-a Object) (role concrete) (single-slot CardinalityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(CardinalityFn ?CLASS) returns the number of instances in the &%SetOrClass or &%Collection ?CLASS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Number) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subCollection_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subCollection ?COLL1 ?COLL2) means that the &%Collection ?COLL1 is a proper part of the &%Collection ?COLL2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Collection) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ClothingSuit "A &%Collection of instances of &%Clothing that are designed to be worn together." (is-a Collection) (role concrete)) (defclass Industry "The class of &%Collections of &%Corporations which are in the same line of business." (is-a Collection) (role concrete)) (defclass SolarSystem "&%SolarSystem is the class of systems that consist of a star or stars and any encircling astronomical bodies." (is-a Collection) (role concrete)) (defclass Agent "Something or someone that can act on its own and produce changes in the world." (is-a Object) (role concrete) (multislot possesses_S ;+ (comment "\"&%Relation that holds between an &%Agent and an &%Object when the &%Agent has ownership of the &%Object.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot editor_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%editor ?AGENT ?TEXT) means that ?AGENT is an editor of ?TEXT.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot fiscalYearPeriod_S ;+ (comment "\"The predicate &%fiscalYearPeriod indicates the period that an &%Agent or &%Organization uses as its 12-month accounting period. (&%fiscalYearPeriod ?AGENT &%Year) means that ?AGENT observes its 12-month accounting period during the regular calendar year (CY), from &%January to &%December. For fiscal years with other beginning and ending months (FYs), use (&%fiscalYearPeriod ?AGENT (&%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn ?STARTMONTH ?ENDMONTH)). For example, (&%fiscalYearPeriod (&%GovernmentFn &%UnitedStates) (&%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn &%October &%September)). For FYs that begin or end mid-month, days may be specified within &%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot WealthFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Agent to a &%CurrencyMeasure specifying the value of the property owned by the &%Agent. Note that this &%Function is generally used in conjunction with the &%Function &%PropertyFn, e.g. (&%WealthFn (&%PropertyFn BillGates)) would return the monetary value of the sum of Bill Gates' holdings.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot address_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%address ?AGENT ?ADDRESS) means that ?ADDRESS is an address or part of an address for the &%Agent ?AGENT. address relates an instance of a CognitiveAgent to the unique designation of a stationary artifact, location, or mail drop where that agent can be contacted. This address includes buildings, room numbers, streets, mail drop numbers, and post office boxes, but excludes telephone numbers and other addresses that are not stationary. This is not the most general type of address.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot governmentType_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%governmentType ?BODY ?FORM) means that the &%GeopoliticalArea or &%Organization ?BODY has a government with characteristic(s) of the type ?FORM.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FormOfGovernment) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot leaderPosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%leaderPosition ?ORG ?ROLE) means that in the organization ?ORG, the leader is the person who holds the &%Position ?ROLE in the organization.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Position) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot economyType_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%economyType ?POLITY ?TYPE) means that the &%GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY has an economic system of &%TYPE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EconomicAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot authors_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%authors ?AGENT ?TEXT) means that ?AGENT is creatively responsible for ?TEXT. For example, Agatha Christie is author of Murder_on_the_Orient_Express.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot financialAsset_S ;+ (comment "\"A predicate that relates an &%Agent to any item of economic value owned by the &%Agent. Examples of financial assets are cash, securities, accounts receivable, inventory, office equipment, a house, a car, and other property.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PropertyFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Agent to the &%Set of &%Property owned by the &%Agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Set) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot representativeAgentToAgent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%representativeAgentToAgent ?SENDER ?REP ?RECEIVER) means that the &%Agent ?SENDER has the &%Agent ?REP as its representative to the &%Agent ?RECEIVER. ?REP works for ?SENDER and is not assumed to be an impartial mediator.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ExecutiveBranchFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ExecutiveBranchFn ?ORG) denotes the executive branch of ?ORG, with all its officials and agencies, considered as a whole.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot customer_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general relation that exists whenever there is a &%CommercialService between an &%Agent and an &%Organization. (&%customer ?AGENT ?ORG) means that ?AGENT is a customer of the &%Corporation ?ORG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Corporation) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass SentientAgent "An &%Agent that has rights but may or may not have responsibilities and the ability to reason. If the latter are present, then the &%Agent is also an instance of &%CognitiveAgent. Domesticated animals are an example of &%SentientAgents that are not also &%CognitiveAgents." (is-a Agent) (role concrete)) (defclass CognitiveAgent "A &%SentientAgent with responsibilities and the ability to reason, deliberate, make plans, etc. This is essentially the legal/ethical notion of a person. Note that, although &%Human is a subclass of &%CognitiveAgent, there may be instances of &%CognitiveAgent which are not also instances of &%Human. For example, chimpanzees, gorillas, dolphins, whales, and some extraterrestrials (if they exist) may be &%CognitiveAgents." (is-a SentientAgent) (role concrete) (multislot inScopeOfInterest_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate. (&%inScopeOfInterest ?AGENT ?ENTITY) means that ?ENTITY is within the scope of interest of ?AGENT. Note that the interest indicated can be either positive or negative, i.e. the ?AGENT can have an interest in avoiding or promoting ?ENTITY.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot knows_S ;+ (comment "\"The epistemic predicate of knowing. (&%knows ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT knows the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA. Note that &%knows entails conscious awareness, so this &%Predicate cannot be used to express tacit or subconscious or unconscious knowledge.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot doubts_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%doubts ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT is unsure about the truth of ?FORMULA, in particular ?AGENT does not believe that ?FORMULA is true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot disapproves_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%disapproves ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT has a feeling of antipathy to the state of affairs represented by ?FORMULA, i.e. ?AGENT believes that the realization of ?FORMULA will thwart one of his/her goals. Note that there is no implication that what is disapproved of by an agent is not already true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot enjoys_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%enjoys ?AGENT ?PROCESS) means that the &%CognitiveAgent ?AGENT tends to enjoy actions of type ?PROCESS, i.e. tends to enjoy being the &%agent or &%experiencer of such actions.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IntentionalProcess) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot wants_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%wants ?AGENT ?OBJECT) means that ?OBJECT is desired by ?AGENT, i.e. ?AGENT believes that ?OBJECT will satisfy one of its goals. Note that there is no implication that what is wanted by an agent is not already possessed by the agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot needs_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%needs ?AGENT ?OBJECT) means that ?OBJECT is physically required for the continued existence of ?AGENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot fears_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%fears ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT fears that the proposition ?FORMULA will be true, i.e. he/she believes that it will come to pass in the future and that it will be undesirable for ?AGENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot leader_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%leader ?ORGANIZATION ?PERSON) means that the leader of ?ORGANIZATION is ?PERSON.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot believes_S ;+ (comment "\"The epistemic predicate of belief. (&%believes ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT believes the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot dislikes_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%dislikes ?AGENT ?OBJECT) means that ?AGENT has a feeling of antipathy to ?OBJECT, i.e. ?AGENT believes that ?OBJECT will thwart one of his/her goals. Note that there is no implication that what is hated by an agent is not already possessed by the agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot hopes_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%hopes ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT hopes that the proposition ?FORMULA will be true, i.e. he/she believes that it will come to pass in the future and that it will be desirable for ?AGENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot legalRelation_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%legalRelation ?AGENT1 ?AGENT2) means there is a relationship involving legal obligations between ?AGENT1 and ?AGENT2. Some examples include marriage, adoption, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot lacks_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%lacks ?AGENT ?OBJECT) means that ?AGENT &%needs ?OBJECT and it is not currently the case that ?AGENT &%possesses ?OBJECT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot prefers_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%prefers ?AGENT ?FORMULA1 ?FORMULA2) means that &%CognitiveAgent ?AGENT prefers the state of affairs expressed by ?FORMULA1 over the state of affairs expressed by ?FORMULA2 all things being equal.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot desires_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%desires ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT wants to bring about the state of affairs expressed by ?FORMULA. Note that there is no implication that what is desired by the agent is not already true. Note too that &%desires is distinguished from &%wants only in that the former is a &%PropositionalAttitude, while &%wants is an &%ObjectAttitude.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot expects_S ;+ (comment "\"Any belief about the future. (&%expects ?AGENT ?BELIEF) means that (&%believes ?AGENT ?BELIEF) and, if ?BELIEF happens, it will happen in the future, i.e. after the expectation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot considers_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%considers ?AGENT ?FORMULA) means that ?AGENT considers or wonders about the truth of the proposition expressed by ?FORMULA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass IntelligentAgent "An IntelligentAgent is a class of CognitiveAgents, the typical adult member of which can understand and generate abstract linguistic utterances (not necessarily speech). This distinguishes people (and at some time in the future intelligent machines) from animals such as apes that have some understanding and planning ability, but no use of language with the complexity of natural languages. This also includes groups, organizations, and artifactual agents with the legal capabilities of people, such as corporations." (is-a CognitiveAgent) (role concrete)) (defclass Authority "An Authority is an agent that is recognized by some CognitiveAgent as having the capability of creating a Rule." (is-a IntelligentAgent) (role concrete)) (defclass BusinessAgent "An IntelligentAgent that is participating in a BusinessProcess." (is-a IntelligentAgent) (role concrete)) (defclass BusinessParty "A BusinessAgent who is participating in a FinancialTransaction - buying or selling." (is-a BusinessAgent) (role concrete)) (defclass Organism "Generally, a living individual, including all &%Plants and &%Animals." (is-a OrganicObject Agent) (role concrete) (multislot familyRelation_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate for biological relationships. (&%familyRelation ?ORGANISM1 ?ORGANISM2) means that ?ORGANISM1 and ?ORGANISM2 are biologically derived from a common ancestor.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot father_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of fatherhood. (&%father ?CHILD ?FATHER) means that ?FATHER is the biological father of ?CHILD.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inhabits_S ;+ (comment "\"A very basic notion of living within something else. (&%inhabits ?ORGANISM ?OBJECT) means that ?OBJECT is the residence, nest, home, etc. of ?ORGANISM.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot sibling_S ;+ (comment "\"The relationship between two &%Organisms that have the same &%mother and &%father. Note that this relationship does not hold between half-brothers, half-sisters, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot ancestor_S ;+ (comment "\"The transitive closure of the &%parent predicate. (&%ancestor ?DESCENDANT ?ANCESTOR) means that ?ANCESTOR is either the &%parent of ?DESCENDANT or the &%parent of the &%parent of &%DESCENDANT or etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot mother_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of motherhood. (&%mother ?CHILD ?MOTHER) means that ?MOTHER is the biological mother of ?CHILD.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot parent_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of parenthood. (&%parent ?CHILD ?PARENT) means that ?PARENT is a biological parent of ?CHILD.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organism) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Plant "An &%Organism having cellulose cell walls, growing by synthesis of &%Substances, generally distinguished by the presence of chlorophyll, and lacking the power of locomotion." (is-a Organism) (role concrete)) (defclass FloweringPlant "A &%Plant that produces seeds and flowers. This class includes trees, shrubs, herbs, and flowers." (is-a Plant) (role concrete)) (defclass Grass "&%FloweringPlants with green, narrow leaves that are used for lawns and &%Fields." (is-a FloweringPlant) (role concrete)) (defclass Shrub "&%Shrub is the class of low, perennial, typically multi-stemmed woody plants, called shrubs or bushes." (is-a FloweringPlant) (role concrete)) (defclass NonFloweringPlant "A &%Plant that reproduces with spores and does not produce flowers." (is-a Plant) (role concrete)) (defclass Alga "A chiefly aquatic plant that contains chlorophyll, but does not form embryos during development and lacks vascular tissue." (is-a NonFloweringPlant) (role concrete)) (defclass Fungus "A eukaryotic &%Organism characterized by the absence of chlorophyll and the presence of rigid cell walls. Included here are both slime molds and true fungi such as yeasts, molds, mildews, and mushrooms." (is-a NonFloweringPlant) (role concrete)) (defclass Moss "A &%NonFloweringPlant without true roots and little if any vascular tissue." (is-a NonFloweringPlant) (role concrete)) (defclass Fern "A &%NonFloweringPlant that contains vascular tissue. This class includes true ferns, as well as horsetails, club mosses, and whisk ferns." (is-a NonFloweringPlant) (role concrete)) (defclass Tree "A plant having a permanently woody stem or trunk, usually developing branches at a distance from the ground." (is-a Plant) (role concrete)) (defclass BotanicalTree "&%BotanicalTree is an imprecise term for a perennial woody plant that is larger than a bush or shrub, generally understood to describe a large growth having one main trunk with few or no branches projecting from its base, a well-developed crown of foliage, and a height at maturity of at least 12 feet." (is-a FloweringPlant Tree) (role concrete)) (defclass Animal "An &%Organism with eukaryotic &%Cells, and lacking stiff cell walls, plastids, and photosynthetic pigments." (is-a Organism) (role concrete) (multislot wears_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%wears ?AGENT ?CLOTHING) means that ?AGENT is wearing the item of &%Clothing ?CLOTHING.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Clothing) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot grasps_S ;+ (comment "\"The state of grasping an &%Object. (&%grasps ?ANIMAL ?OBJ) means that the &%Animal ?ANIMAL is intentionally holding on to the &%Object ?OBJ.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Vertebrate "An &%Animal which has a spinal column." (is-a Animal) (role concrete)) (defclass ColdBloodedVertebrate "&%Vertebrates whose body temperature is not internally regulated." (is-a Vertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Amphibian "A cold-blooded, smooth-skinned &%Vertebrate which characteristically hatches as an aquatic larva, breathing by gills. When mature, the &%Amphibian breathes with &%Lungs." (is-a ColdBloodedVertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Fish "A cold-blooded aquatic &%Vertebrate characterized by fins and breathing by gills. Included here are &%Fish having either a bony skeleton, such as a perch, or a cartilaginous skeleton, such as a shark. Also included are those &%Fish lacking a jaw, such as a lamprey or hagfish." (is-a ColdBloodedVertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Reptile "A &%ColdBloodedVertebrate having an external covering of scales or horny plates. &%Reptiles breathe by means of &%Lungs and generally lay eggs." (is-a ColdBloodedVertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Snake "A long and narrow &%Reptile which lacks &%Limbs." (is-a Reptile) (role concrete)) (defclass ConstrictorSnake "A &%Snake that lacks venom and kills its prey by crushing it to death." (is-a Snake) (role concrete)) (defclass Anaconda "A very large Boa that is found in South America." (is-a ConstrictorSnake) (role concrete)) (defclass WarmBloodedVertebrate "&%Vertebrates whose body temperature is internally regulated." (is-a Vertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Bird "A &%Vertebrate having a constant body temperature and characterized by the presence of feathers." (is-a WarmBloodedVertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Mammal "A &%Vertebrate having a constant body temperature and characterized by the presence of hair, mammary glands, and sweat glands." (is-a WarmBloodedVertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass AquaticMammal "The &%Class of &%Mammals that dwell chiefly in the water. Includes whales, dolphins, manatees, seals, and walruses." (is-a Mammal) (role concrete)) (defclass HoofedMammal "The &%Class of quadruped &%Mammals with hooves. Includes horses, cows, sheep, pigs, antelope, etc." (is-a Mammal) (role concrete)) (defclass Marsupial "The &%Class of &%Mammals which have a pouch for their young." (is-a Mammal) (role concrete)) (defclass Carnivore "The &%Class of flesh-eating &%Mammals. Members of this &%Class typically have four or five claws on each paw. Includes cats, dogs, bears, racoons, and skunks." (is-a Mammal) (role concrete)) (defclass Canine "The &%Class of &%Carnivores with completely separable toes, nonretractable claws, and long muzzles." (is-a Carnivore) (role concrete)) (defclass Feline "The &%Class of &%Carnivores with completely separable toes, nonretractable claws, slim bodies, and rounded heads." (is-a Carnivore) (role concrete)) (defclass Rodent "The &%Class of &%Mammals with one or two pairs of incisors for gnawing. Includes rats, mice, guinea pigs, and rabbits." (is-a Mammal) (role concrete)) (defclass Mouse "A &%Rodent that has a hairless tail like a rat but that is smaller than a rat." (is-a Rodent) (role concrete)) (defclass Primate "The &%Class of &%Mammals which are &%Primates." (is-a Mammal) (role concrete)) (defclass Ape "Various &%Primates with no tails or only short tails." (is-a Primate) (role concrete)) (defclass Monkey "Various &%Primates with relatively long tails." (is-a Primate) (role concrete)) (defclass Hominid "Includes &%Humans and relatively recent ancestors of &%Humans." (is-a Primate) (role concrete)) (defclass Human "Modern man, the only remaining species of the Homo genus." (is-a Hominid CognitiveAgent) (role concrete) (single-slot ImmediateFamilyFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ImmediateFamilyFn ?PERSON) denotes the immediate family of ?PERSON, i.e. the &%Group consisting of the &%parents of ?PERSON and anyone of whom ?PERSON is a &%parent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FamilyGroup) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DescendantsFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%DescendantsFn ?PERSON) denotes all and only the descendants of ?PERSON, i.e. the &%Group consisting of ?OFFSPRING who satisfy the following formula: (&%ancestor ?OFFSPRING ?PERSON).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FamilyGroup) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot occupiesPosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%occupiesPosition ?PERSON ?POSITION ?ORG) means that ?PERSON holds the &%Position ?POSITION at &%Organization ?ORG. For example, (&%occupiesPosition &%TomSmith &%ResearchDirector &%AcmeLaboratory) means that &%TomSmith is a research director at Acme Labs.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsThePosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(holdsThePosition ?PERS ?POS of ?ORG) means that ?PERS holds the position of ?POS in organization ?ORG, and there is only one person at a time that can hold that position. so (holdsInContext (holdsThePositionOf BillClinton President of UnitedStates) 1994-2000) means that in the time interval 1994 through 2000 BillClinton was the one who occupied the position of President of the United States. The 'of' term is logically superfluous, added only to make the relation easier to read. This relation is not defined for function terms other than 'of'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot income_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%income ?Agent ?Money ?Period) means that ?Money is the amount of money or its equivalent received during a period of time in exchange for labor or services, from the sale of goods or property, or as profit from financial investments\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot citizen_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%citizen ?PERSON ?NATION) means that the &%Human ?PERSON is a citizen of &%Nation ?NATION.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Nation) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot incomeEarned_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%incomeEarned ?Agent ?Money ?Action) means that ?Agent earned the amount of money ?Money from performing ?Action. Note that &%incomeEarned denotes that amount of money made before taxes are deducted.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IntentionalProcess) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot neighbor_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%neighbor ?PERSON1 ?PERSON2) means that ?PERSON1 is a neighbor of ?PERSON2, i.e. ?PERSON1 and ?PERSON2 have their &%homes &%Near one another.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot medicalPatient_S ;+ (comment "\"medicalPatient points from a person to a CareOrganization which is administering medical care to that person. This relation is implied in the axiom below CareOrganization, but was not defined in SUM 1.55 - PJC 3-05-04.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CareOrganization) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot home_S ;+ (comment "\"The relation between a &%Human and a home of the &%Human.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes StationaryArtifact) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot groupMember_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%subrelation of &%member, &%groupMember is used to relate a &%Human to a &%GroupOfPeople of which he/she is a &%member.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GroupOfPeople) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasExpertise_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%hasExpertise ?PERSON ?FIELD) means that ?PERSON has studied the &%FieldOfStudy ?FIELD and is regarded as an expert.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FieldOfStudy) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasOccupation_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%hasOccupation ?PERSON ?WORK) means that ?PERSON engages in activities of the class ?WORK as a means of earning a living.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents IntentionalProcess) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot patientMedical_S ;+ (comment "\"The relation of receiving medical care from a recognized medical practitioner. (&%patientMedical ?PATIENT ?DOCTOR) means that ?PATIENT is the patient of ?DOCTOR. Note that argument type restriction on the second argument is &%CognitiveAgent to allow for cases where someone is the patient of an &%Organization, viz. a &%CareOrganization.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot spouse_S ;+ (comment "\"The relationship of marriage between two &%Humans.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Man "The class of &%Male &%Humans." (is-a Human) (role concrete) (multislot brother_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of being a brother. (&%brother ?MAN ?PERSON) means that ?MAN is the brother of ?PERSON.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot son_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of being a son. (&%son ?CHILD ?PARENT) means that ?CHILD is the biological son of ?PARENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot husband_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%husband ?MAN ?WOMAN) means that ?MAN is the husband of ?WOMAN.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Woman) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Woman "The class of &%Female &%Humans." (is-a Human) (role concrete) (multislot wife_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%wife ?WOMAN ?MAN) means that ?WOMAN is the wife of ?MAN.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Man) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot sister_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of being a sister. (&%sister ?WOMAN ?PERSON) means that ?WOMAN is the sister of ?PERSON.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot daughter_S ;+ (comment "\"The general relationship of daughterhood. (&%daughter ?CHILD ?PARENT) means that ?CHILD is the biological daughter of ?PARENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass HumanCorpse "A &%Human which is &%Dead." (is-a Human) (role concrete)) (defclass HumanSlave "A &%Human who is owned by someone else." (is-a Human) (role concrete)) (defclass HumanAdult "The class of &%Humans that are 18 years of age or older." (is-a Human) (role concrete)) (defclass HumanYouth "The class of &%Humans that are younger than 18 years of age." (is-a Human) (role concrete)) (defclass HumanChild "A &%HumanYouth between birth and puberty, i.e a &%Human who is &%NonFullyFormed." (is-a HumanYouth) (role concrete)) (defclass Boy "A &%HumanChild who is &%Male." (is-a HumanChild Man) (role concrete)) (defclass Girl "A &%HumanChild who is &%Female." (is-a HumanChild Woman) (role concrete)) (defclass HumanBaby "A &%Human between birth and the first year of age." (is-a HumanChild) (role concrete)) (defclass Teenager "A &%HumanYouth between puberty and the age of 20." (is-a HumanYouth) (role concrete)) (defclass Invertebrate "An &%Animal which has no spinal column." (is-a Animal) (role concrete)) (defclass Worm "Long, narrow, soft-bodied &%Invertebrates." (is-a Invertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Mollusk "Soft-bodied &%Invertebrate that is usually contained in a shell. Includes oysters, clams, mussels, snails, slugs, octopi, and squid." (is-a Invertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Arthropod "A &%Class of &%Invertebrate that includes &%Arachnids and &%Insects." (is-a Invertebrate) (role concrete)) (defclass Arachnid "A &%Class of &%Arthropods that includes ticks and spiders." (is-a Arthropod) (role concrete)) (defclass Myriapod "A &%Class of &%Arthropods that includes centipedes and millipedes." (is-a Arthropod) (role concrete)) (defclass Insect "A &%Class of small &%Arthropods that are air-breathing and that are distinguished by appearance." (is-a Arthropod) (role concrete)) (defclass Bee "A hairy &%Insect, some species of which produce honey and/or sting." (is-a Insect) (role concrete)) (defclass BumbleBee "A large &%Bee which lacks a stinger." (is-a Bee) (role concrete)) (defclass QueenInsect "A &%Female &%Insect which is the sole member of her colony with the capability to reproduce." (is-a Insect) (role concrete)) (defclass Crustacean "A &%Class of &%Arthropods that mainly dwells in water and has a segmented body and a chitinous exoskeleton. Includes lobsters, crabs, shrimp, and barnacles." (is-a Arthropod) (role concrete)) (defclass DomesticAnimal "Any &%Animal that is kept by a &%Human, as a pet, as livestock, for exhibition, etc." (is-a Animal) (role concrete)) (defclass Horse "A domesticated &%HoofedMammal that is used for transportation and work." (is-a HoofedMammal DomesticAnimal) (role concrete)) (defclass Donkey "A domesticated &%HoofedMammal that is used for work." (is-a HoofedMammal DomesticAnimal) (role concrete)) (defclass Mule "The product of a &%Male &%Donkey and a &%Female &%Horse. &%Mules are always sterile." (is-a HoofedMammal DomesticAnimal) (role concrete)) (defclass Sheep "A domesticated &%HoofedMammal that is bred for its wool and for its meat (known as mutton)." (is-a HoofedMammal DomesticAnimal) (role concrete)) (defclass Cow "A domesticated &%HoofedMammal that is raised for milk and beef, and is also used for work." (is-a HoofedMammal DomesticAnimal) (role concrete)) (defclass FemaleCow "A &%Cow that is &%Female." (is-a Cow) (role concrete)) (defclass Chicken "A subclass of &%Bird that is raised for its meat and for its eggs." (is-a Bird DomesticAnimal) (role concrete)) (defclass Hen "A &%Female &%Chicken." (is-a Chicken) (role concrete)) (defclass Microorganism "An &%Organism that can be seen only with the aid of a microscope." (is-a Organism) (role concrete)) (defclass Bacterium "A small, typically one-celled, prokaryotic &%Microorganism." (is-a Microorganism) (role concrete)) (defclass Virus "An &%Organism consisting of a core of a single nucleic acid enclosed in a protective coat of protein. A virus may replicate only inside a host living cell. A virus exhibits some but not all of the usual characteristics of living things." (is-a Microorganism) (role concrete)) (defclass CommercialAgent "An &%Agent that provides products and/or services for a fee with the aim of making a profit." (is-a Agent) (role concrete)) (defclass Hotel "A &%ResidentialBuilding which provides temporary accommodations to guests in exchange for money." (is-a ResidentialBuilding TemporaryResidence CommercialAgent) (role concrete)) (defclass Group "A &%Collection of &%Agents, e.g. a flock of sheep, a herd of goats, or the local Boy Scout troop." (is-a Collection Agent) (role concrete)) (defclass AgeGroup "A &%Group whose &%members all have the same &%age." (is-a Group) (role concrete)) (defclass FamilyGroup "A &%Group whose &%members bear &%familyRelations to one another." (is-a Group) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ImmediateFamilyFn+Human%29 "\"(&%ImmediateFamilyFn ?PERSON) denotes the immediate family of ?PERSON, i.e. the &%Group consisting of the &%parents of ?PERSON and anyone of whom ?PERSON is a &%parent.\"" (is-a FamilyGroup) (role concrete)) (defclass %28DescendantsFn+Human%29 "\"(&%DescendantsFn ?PERSON) denotes all and only the descendants of ?PERSON, i.e. the &%Group consisting of ?OFFSPRING who satisfy the following formula: (&%ancestor ?OFFSPRING ?PERSON).\"" (is-a FamilyGroup) (role concrete)) (defclass SocialUnit "A group of people who all have the same &%home." (is-a Group) (role concrete)) (defclass EthnicGroup "A &%Group whose &%members originate from the same &%GeographicArea or share the same &%Language and/or cultural practices." (is-a Group) (role concrete)) (defclass RacialEthnicGroup "A &%RacialEthnicGroup is an &%EthnicGroup based on common racial background." (is-a EthnicGroup) (role concrete)) (defclass BeliefGroup "A &%Group whose &%members share a belief or set of beliefs." (is-a Group) (role concrete)) (defclass Organization "An &%Organization is a corporate or similar institution. The &%members of an &%Organization typically have a common purpose or function. Note that this class also covers divisions, departments, etc. of organizations. For example, both the Shell Corporation and the accounting department at Shell would both be instances of &%Organization. Note too that the existence of an &%Organization is dependent on the existence of at least one &%member (since &%Organization is a subclass of &%Collection). Accordingly, in cases of purely legal organizations, a fictitious &%member should be assumed." (is-a Group CognitiveAgent) (role concrete) (multislot hasUniquePosition_S ;+ (comment "\"hasUniquePosition specifies the name of a position in an organization for which there can be only one person occupying that position at any one time.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Position) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subOrganization_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subOrganization ?ORG1 ?ORG2) means that ?ORG1 is an &%Organization which is a proper part of the &%Organization ?ORG2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot publishes_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%publishes ?ORG ?TEXT) means that ?ORG publishes ?TEXT. For example, Bantam Books publishes Agatha Christie's Murder_on_the_Orient_Express.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot monetaryWage_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%monetaryWage ?ORG ?PERSON ?TIME ?MONEY) means that the &%Organization employs ?PERSON and pays him/her the amount of money ?MONEY per &%TimeDuration ?TIME.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot employs_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%employs ?ORG ?PERSON) means that ?ORG has hired ?PERSON and currently retains ?PERSON, on a salaried or contractual basis, to provide services in exchange for monetary compensation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Corporation "An &%Organization that has a special legal status that allows a group of persons to act as a &%CommercialAgent and that insulates the owners (shareholders) from many liabilities that might result from the corporation's operation." (is-a CommercialAgent Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass Manufacturer "Any &%Corporation which manufactures &%Products." (is-a Corporation) (role concrete)) (defclass MercantileOrganization "Any &%Corporation which sells physical goods to customers for a profit." (is-a Corporation) (role concrete)) (defclass WholesaleStore "A &%MercantileOrganization that sells its goods exclusively to &%Corporations." (is-a MercantileOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass RetailStore "The complement of &%WholesaleStore, i.e. &%MercantileOrganizations that sell their goods to the general public." (is-a MercantileOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass GroceryStore "A &%RetailStore that sells &%Food, and perhaps other items as well." (is-a RetailStore) (role concrete)) (defclass Proprietorship "A &%Corporation that is owned by a single person." (is-a Corporation) (role concrete)) (defclass Restaurant "Any &%Corporation whose services include selling &%Food to customers which is intended to be eaten on the premises." (is-a Corporation) (role concrete)) (defclass Cafeteria "Any &%Restaurant which does not offer table service. &%Food is selected and purchased at a central counter." (is-a Restaurant) (role concrete)) (defclass Tavern "A &%Restaurant whose primary service is selling &%AlcoholicBeverages to customers." (is-a Restaurant) (role concrete)) (defclass TransportationCompany "Any &%Corporation whose services include &%Transportation, e.g. a &%RailroadCompany, an airline, a cruise ship line, etc." (is-a Corporation) (role concrete)) (defclass RailroadCompany "Any &%TransportationCompany whose services include &%Transportation by &%Train." (is-a TransportationCompany) (role concrete)) (defclass CommonCarrier "&%CommonCarrier is the subclass of &%TransportationCompany whose instances must offer services to all customers. Contrast with &%ContractCarrier." (is-a TransportationCompany) (role concrete)) (defclass ContractCarrier "&%ContractCarrier is the subclass of &%TransportationCompany whose instances offer services to only one customer, under contract. Contrast with &%CommonCarrier." (is-a TransportationCompany) (role concrete)) (defclass FinancialOrganization "The class &%FinancialOrganization includes, as subclasses, &%BankOrganization, &%CreditUnion and &%SavingsAndLoan." (is-a Corporation) (role concrete)) (defclass BankOrganization "An organization, chartered by a state or federal government, which does most or all of the following: receives &%Deposits, honors &%FinancialInstruments drawn on them, and pays interest on them; discounts &%Notes, makes &%Loans, and invests in &%SecuredLoans; collects &%Checks, &%Drafts and &%Notes, certifies depositor's checks; and issues drafts and Cashier's checks." (is-a FinancialOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass CreditUnion "Credit unions are non-profit, member-owned, financial cooperatives. They are operated entirely by and for their members. When money is deposited in a credit union, the depositor becomes a member of the union because the deposit is considered partial ownership in the credit union. Many large organizations have established credit unions for their employees." (is-a FinancialOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass SavingsAndLoan "A federally or state chartered &%FinancialOrganization that takes &%Deposits from individuals, funds &%Mortgages, and pays &%Dividends." (is-a FinancialOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass PoliticalOrganization "An &%Organization that is a &%Government, a &%subOrganization of a &%Government, or an &%Organization that is attempting to bring about some sort of political change." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass PoliticalParty "&%PoliticalParty is the class of &%PoliticalOrganizations that may sponsor candidates for &%Elections." (is-a PoliticalOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass GovernmentOrganization "&%GovernmentOrganization is the class of official &%Organizations that are concerned with the government of a &%GeopoliticalArea at some level. They may be a &%Government or the &%subOrganization of a government." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass Government "The ruling body of a &%GeopoliticalArea." (is-a GovernmentOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass StateGovernment "The class of &%Governments whose jurisdictions are &%StateOrProvinces." (is-a Government) (role concrete)) (defclass NationalGovernment "&%NationalGovernment is the class of national-level governments of &%Nations." (is-a Government) (role concrete)) (defclass %28GovernmentFn+GeopoliticalArea%29 "\"(&%GovernmentFn ?AREA) denotes the &%Government of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA. For example, (&%GovernmentFn &%UnitedStates) denotes the Federal-level government of the United States; (&%GovernmentFn &%PuertoRico) denotes the government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.\"" (is-a Government) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryOrganization "Any heavily armed &%Organization that is part of a &%Government and that is charged with representing the &%Government in international conflicts." (is-a GovernmentOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryService "A branch of the armed forces of a &%Nation. For example, there are five military services in the United States, the army, the navy, the air force, the marines, and the coast guard." (is-a MilitaryOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass Army "&%MilitaryServices that are land forces." (is-a MilitaryService) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryUnit "Any &%MilitaryOrganization that can be dispatched to an area of operations." (is-a MilitaryOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass InfantryUnit "A &%MilitaryUnit composed primarily of &%Soldiers who fight on foot, i.e. without the use of heavy artillery." (is-a MilitaryUnit) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryDivision "Any &%MilitaryUnit with the rank of division." (is-a MilitaryUnit) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryBrigade "Any &%MilitaryUnit with the rank of brigade." (is-a MilitaryUnit) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryCompany "Any &%MilitaryUnit with the rank of company." (is-a MilitaryUnit) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryRegiment "Any &%MilitaryUnit with the rank of regiment." (is-a MilitaryUnit) (role concrete)) (defclass PoliceOrganization "Any &%GovernmentOrganization that is charged with domestic enforcement of the laws of the &%Government." (is-a GovernmentOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass JudicialOrganization "&%JudicialOrganization is the class of &%Organizations whose primary purpose is to render judgments according to the statutes or regulations of a government or other organization. Judicial bodies are not necessarily government organizations, for example, those associated with sporting associations." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass %28JudiciaryFn+GeopoliticalArea%29 "\"(&%JudiciaryFn ?AREA) denotes the judicial branch of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA, that is, the &%JudicialOrganization(s) associated with the government of ?AREA, considered as a whole.\"" (is-a JudicialOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass EducationalOrganization "A &%EducationalOrganization is an institution of learning. Some examples are public and private K-12 schools, and colleges and universities." (is-a Organization) (role concrete) (single-slot teacher_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%teacher ?AGENT ?ORG) means that ?AGENT is a teacher at the &%EducationalOrganization ?ORG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot student_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%student ?AGENT ?ORG) means that ?AGENT is enrolled in the &%EducationalOrganization ?ORG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass School "An &%EducationalOrganization with a curriculum, teachers, and students. Most &%Schools are housed in a &%Building dedicated to the &%EducationalOrganization." (is-a EducationalOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass HighSchool "A &%School which admits &%students who have graduated from a middle school and which normally covers the ninth through twelfth grades. A &%HighSchool confers a high school diploma." (is-a School) (role concrete)) (defclass PostSecondarySchool "The class of &%Schools that offer an associate's degree or a bachelor's degree." (is-a School) (role concrete)) (defclass JuniorCollege "The class of &%PostSecondarySchools that offer an associate's degree and do not offer a bachelor's degree." (is-a PostSecondarySchool) (role concrete)) (defclass College "A &%School which admits &%students who have graduated from high school and which confers a bachelor's degree, normally requiring four years of study. Note that a &%College does not confer any graduate degrees. For institutions that confer both bachelor's and graduate degrees, the concept &%University should be used." (is-a PostSecondarySchool) (role concrete)) (defclass University "A &%School which admits &%students that have graduated from high school (known as undergraduate students) and &%students who have received a bachelor's degree (known as graduate students). A &%University confers both bachelor's and graduate degrees." (is-a PostSecondarySchool) (role concrete)) (defclass ReligiousOrganization "An &%Organization whose members share a set of religious beliefs." (is-a Organization BeliefGroup) (role concrete)) (defclass MissionOrganization "The class of &%ReligiousOrganizations that send members to foreign countries with the aim of coverting citizens of those countries to the beliefs of the &%ReligiousOrganization." (is-a ReligiousOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass CareOrganization "Any &%Organization whose purpose is to provide medical care for for &%Humans who reside there, either permanently or temporarily." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass Hospital "A &%CareOrganization that maintains a &%HospitalBuilding (which see)a where patients reside for a short period of time while they undergo treatment for a disease or disorder." (is-a CareOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass MedicalClinic "A &%CareOrganization which provides medical care on an out-patient basis only, i.e. there are no rooms where patients may take up residence for a period of time while they receive care." (is-a CareOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass Commission "A small, temporary &%Organization whose purpose is to investigate some issue." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass ServiceOrganization "An &%Organization that performs a public service and is regulated by the &%Government." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass OrganizationalBoard "Part of an &%Organization that is responsible for managing the &%Organization." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass SecurityUnit "The &%Organization that is charged with ensuring the security of members of the overall &%Organization and the property of the &%Organization." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass UnionOrganization "An &%Organization comprised of workers from the same &%Corporation or &%Industry. The purpose of the &%UnionOrganization is to strengthen its representation in bargaining with the &%Corporation or &%Industry." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass LegislativeOrganization "&%LegislativeOrganization is the class of &%Organizations that have as their main purpose the passing of laws or regulations." (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass Parliament "&%Parliament is the subclass of &%LegislativeOrganizations similar to that of the United Kingdom." (is-a LegislativeOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass %28LegislatureFn+GeopoliticalArea%29 "\"(&%LegislatureFn ?AREA) denotes the legislative branch of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"" (is-a LegislativeOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass StandardsAuthority "An authority which is an organization recognized by some group of agents as being able to declare a standard." (is-a Authority Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass CodeListAgency "A CodeListAgency is a StandardsAuthority that maintains a CodeList. UBL: 'An agency that maintains one or more code lists'." (is-a StandardsAuthority) (role concrete) (multislot hasAbstractName_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractName relates an instance of an entity to an abstract string of linguistic characters used to reference the entity in linguistic communication. This is closely related to hasName, the value of which is a SymbolicString (a physical object) as domain 2. This is not the inverse of the SUMO relation 'names', since the SUMO relation has a physical object as domain 1. The hasAbstractName relation is not a necessary relation since not every entity is named by a AbstractString and not every AbstractString is the label for an entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString CodeListAgencyNameString) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %28ExecutiveBranchFn+Agent%29 "\"(&%ExecutiveBranchFn ?ORG) denotes the executive branch of ?ORG, with all its officials and agencies, considered as a whole.\"" (is-a Organization) (role concrete)) (defclass GroupOfAnimals "Any &%Group which contains exclusively non-human &%members." (is-a Group) (role concrete)) (defclass Brood "A &%GroupOfAnimals that are all born at the same time and to the same parents." (is-a GroupOfAnimals) (role concrete)) (defclass AgentGroup "An AgentGroup is one or more agents considered for some purpose as a single Agent." (is-a Group Agent) (role concrete)) (defclass GroupOfPeople "Any &%Group whose &%members are exclusively &%Humans." (is-a Group AgentGroup) (role concrete)) (defclass SportsTeam "A &%GroupOfPeople who habitually play a &%Sport together, either as an occupation or as a leisure activity." (is-a GroupOfPeople) (role concrete)) (defclass BaseballTeam "The class of &%SportsTeams that play &%Baseball." (is-a SportsTeam) (role concrete)) (defclass DramaticCast "The &%GroupOfPeople who engage in &%DramaticActing as part of the realization of a single &%FictionalText." (is-a GroupOfPeople) (role concrete)) (defclass Orchestra "A &%GroupOfPeople that create &%InstrumentalMusic together." (is-a GroupOfPeople) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ResidentFn+GeopoliticalArea%29 "\"(&%ResidentFn ?AREA) denotes the &%GroupOfPeople who have their &%home in ?AREA.\"" (is-a GroupOfPeople) (role concrete)) (defclass %28CitizenryFn+GeopoliticalArea%29 "\"(&%CitizenryFn ?AREA) denotes the &%GroupOfPeople who are legal and permanent residents of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"" (is-a GroupOfPeople) (role concrete)) (defclass SpecifiedGroup "A SpecifiedGroup is one or more agents who are individually identified and form the elements of a list (whether actually recorded in some physical medium or merely implied by the circumstances of a message.) For example, a phone call is a communication and the listener or recipient of each component message transmitted is the unique member of the SpecifiedGroup which is the intended recipeint of the message -- specified by the circumstances of the telephone call, not by any recorded list." (is-a AgentGroup) (role concrete)) (defclass Addressees "Each instance of Addressees is a group of agents to whom a message is addressed." (is-a SpecifiedGroup) (role concrete)) (defclass %28StreetAddressFn+StationaryArtifact+Roadway+City+Nation%29 "\"(&%StreetAddressFn ?BUILDING ?ROAD ?CITY ?COUNTRY) returns the &%Agent, e.g. a family, an organization, a person, etc. that resides or conducts business at the corresponding &%address.\"" (is-a Agent) (role concrete)) (defclass Satellite "&%Satellite is the collection of bodies that revolve around some astronomical body, e.g., planets around a star." (is-a Object) (role concrete)) (defclass ArtificialSatellite "An &%ArtificialSatellite is a &%Device that orbits the earth in space and performs various functions such as aiding in communication, photographing the earth's surface, and others. A Satellite that is an artifact; a solid object created by humans orbiting an astronomical body." (is-a Satellite Device) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MereologicalSumFn+Object+Object+%29 "\"(&%MereologicalSumFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to either ?OBJ1 or ?OBJ2.\"" (is-a Object) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MereologicalProductFn+Object+Object+%29 "\"(&%MereologicalProductFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to both ?OBJ1 and ?OBJ2.\"" (is-a Object) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MereologicalDifferenceFn+Object+Object+%29 "\"(&%MereologicalDifferenceFn ?OBJ1 ?OBJ2) denotes the &%Object consisting of the parts which belong to ?OBJ1 and not to ?OBJ2.\"" (is-a Object) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PrincipalHostFn+Hole%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Hole to the &%Object which is its principal host. The principle host of a &%Hole is its maximally connected host (a notion taken here to be defined only when the argument is a hole).\"" (is-a Object) (role concrete)) (defclass %28SkinFn+Hole%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Hole to the skin of the &%Hole. The skin of a &%Hole is the fusion of those superficial parts (see &%superficialPart) of the &%Hole's principal host (see &%PrincipalHostFn) with which the &%Hole is externally connected.\"" (is-a Object) (role concrete)) (defclass Process "Intuitively, the class of things that happen and have temporal parts or stages. Examples include extended events like a football match or a race, actions like &%Pursuing and &%Reading, and biological processes. The formal definition is: anything that lasts for a time but is not an &%Object. Note that a &%Process may have participants 'inside' it which are &%Objects, such as the players in a football match. In a 4D ontology, a &%Process is something whose spatiotemporal extent is thought of as dividing into temporal stages roughly perpendicular to the time-axis." (is-a Physical) (role concrete) (multislot agent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%agent ?PROCESS ?AGENT) means that ?AGENT is an active determinant, either animate or inanimate, of the &%Process ?PROCESS, with or without voluntary intention. For example, water is the &%agent of erosion in the following proposition: the water eroded the coastline. For another example, Eve is an &%agent in the following proposition: Eve bit an apple.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot causesSubclass_S ;+ (comment "\"The causation relation between subclasses of &%Process. (&%causesSubclass ?PROCESS1 ?PROCESS2) means that the subclass of &%Process ?PROCESS1 brings about the subclass of &%Process ?PROCESS2, e.g. (&%causes &%Killing &%Death).\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subProcess_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subProcess ?SUBPROC ?PROC) means that ?SUBPROC is a subprocess of ?PROC. A subprocess is here understood as a temporally distinguished part (proper or not) of a &%Process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot manner_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%manner ?PROCESS ?MANNER) means that the &%Process ?PROCESS is qualified by the &%Attribute ?MANNER. The &%Attributes of &%Processes are usually denoted by adverbs and include things like the speed of the wind, the style of a dance, or the intensity of a sports competition.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot realization_S ;+ (comment "\"A subrelation of &%represents. (&%realization ?PROCESS ?PROP) means that ?PROCESS is a Process which expresses the content of ?PROP. Examples include a particular musical performance, which realizes the content of a musical score, or the reading of a poem.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot destination_S ;+ (comment "\"(destination ?PROCESS ?GOAL) means that ?GOAL is the target or goal of the Process ?PROCESS. For example, Danbury would be the destination in the following proposition: Bob went to Danbury. Note that this is a very general &%CaseRole and, in particular, that it covers the concepts of 'recipient' and 'beneficiary'. Thus, John would be the &%destination in the following proposition: Tom gave a book to John.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasResultingEvent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasResultingEvent relates a physical process (in SUMO class Process is a pysical process) to the event that is generated by that process operating over a time interval.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PhysicalEvent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot creates_S ;+ (comment "\"relates a physical event to an entity whose existence may be caused by the event. The entity usually comes into existence as a result of the event. The entity may be a new state, a physical embodiment of a mental entity (such as a musical composition), or a physical object. Note that this is a time-dependent relation, and therefore strictly abstract entities cannot be created, though their physical embodiments can. No creation event can be instantaneous, it must proceed over some time interval.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot frequency_S ;+ (comment "\"(frequency ?PROC ?TIME) means that the &%Process type of ?PROC recurs after every interval of ?TIME.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeDuration) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot direction_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%direction ?PROC ?ATTR) means that the &%Process ?PROC is moving in the direction ?ATTR. For example, one would use this &%Predicate to represent the fact that Max is moving &%North.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DirectionalAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot causes_S ;+ (comment "\"The causation relation between instances of &%Process. (&%causes ?PROCESS1 ?PROCESS2) means that the instance of &%Process ?PROCESS1 brings about the instance of &%Process ?PROCESS2, e.g. (&%causes &%Killing &%Death).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot origin_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%origin ?PROCESS ?SOURCE) means that ?SOURCE indicates where the ?Process began. Note that this relation implies that ?SOURCE is present at the beginning of the process, but need not participate throughout the process. For example, the submarine is the &%origin in the following proposition: the missile was launched from a submarine.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot quantityInEvent_S ;+ (comment "\"(quantityInEvent ?PROC ?QUANT ?OBJ) means that the number of &%Objects that are instances of ?OBJ that participate in an event ?PROC in the role of &%patient is ?QUANT.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasSkill_S ;+ (comment "\"Similar to the &%capability &%Predicate with the additional restriction that the ability be practised/ demonstrated to some measurable degree.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot resource_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%resource ?PROCESS ?RESOURCE) means that ?RESOURCE is present at the beginning of ?PROCESS, is used by ?PROCESS, and as a consequence is changed by ?PROCESS. For example, soap is a &%resource in the following proposition: the gun was carved out of soap. Note that &%resource differs from &%instrument, another subrelation of &%patient, in that its internal or physical properties are altered in some way by the &%Process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot prevents_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate. (&%prevents ?PROC1 ?PROC2) means that ?PROC1 prevents the occurrence of ?PROC2. In other words, if ?PROC1 is occurring in a particular time and place, ?PROC2 cannot occur at the same time and place. For example, innoculating prevents contracting disease. Note that this is a relation between types of &%Processes, not between instances.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inhibits_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate. (&%inhibits ?PROC1 ?PROC2) means that the &%Process ?PROC1 inhibits or hinders the occurrence of the &%Process ?PROC2. For example, obstructing an object inhibits moving it. Note that this is a relation between types of &%Processes, not between instances.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot instrument_S ;+ (comment "\"(instrument ?EVENT ?TOOL) means that ?TOOL is used by an agent in bringing about ?EVENT and that ?TOOL is not changed by ?EVENT. For example, the key is an &%instrument in the following proposition: The key opened the door. Note that &%instrument and &%resource cannot be satisfied by the same ordered pair.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot result_S ;+ (comment "\"(result ?ACTION ?OUTPUT) means that ?OUTPUT is a product of ?ACTION. For example, house is a &%result in the following proposition: Eric built a house.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot capability_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%capability ?PROCESS ?ROLE ?OBJ) means that ?OBJ has the ability to play the role of ?ROLE in &%Processes of type ?PROCESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot patient_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%patient ?PROCESS ?ENTITY) means that ?ENTITY is a participant in ?PROCESS that may be moved, said, experienced, etc. For example, the direct objects in the sentences 'The cat swallowed the canary' and 'Billy likes the beer' would be examples of &%patients. Note that the &%patient of a &%Process may or may not undergo structural change as a result of the &%Process. The &%CaseRole of &%patient is used when one wants to specify as broadly as possible the object of a &%Process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot precondition_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general &%Predicate. (&%precondition ?PROC1 ?PROC2) means that an instance of ?PROC2 can exist only if an instance of ?PROC1 also exists.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot experiencer_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%experiencer ?PROCESS ?AGENT) means that ?AGENT experiences the &%Process ?PROCESS. For example, Yojo is the &%experiencer of seeing in the following proposition: Yojo sees the fish. Note that &%experiencer, unlike &%agent, does not entail a causal relation between its arguments.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass DualObjectProcess "Any &%Process that requires two, nonidentical &%patients." (is-a Process) (role concrete)) (defclass Attaching "A &%Process where one &%Object becomes attached to another &%Object. Note that this differs from &%Putting in that two things which are attached may already be in the same location." (is-a DualObjectProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Tying "The &%Process of tying two things, or two strands of the same thing, together." (is-a Attaching) (role concrete)) (defclass Detaching "A &%Process where the &%agent detaches one thing from something else. Note that this is different from &%Removing in that neither of the two things which are detached may be removed from the location where it was attached." (is-a DualObjectProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Untying "The &%Process of untying two things, or two strands of the same thing." (is-a Detaching) (role concrete)) (defclass Combining "A &%Process where two or more &%Substances are combined into a single &%Substance." (is-a DualObjectProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Separating "A &%Process where a &%Substance is separated into (some of) its &%pieces." (is-a DualObjectProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Dialysis "Any process of &%Separating a &%Solution into two or more constituent &%PureSubstances by means of their unequal diffusion through membranes that are partially permeable." (is-a Separating) (role concrete)) (defclass IntentionalProcess "A &%Process that has a specific purpose for the &%CognitiveAgent who performs it." (is-a Process) (role concrete)) (defclass RecreationOrExercise "A &%Process that is carried out for the purpose of recreation or exercise. Since &%RecreationOrExercise is a subclass of &%IntentionalProcess, the intent of a process determines whether or not it is an instance of the class. Hence, if John and Bill watch the same program on television, and John watches it to relax while Bill watches it solely to satisfy an educational requirement, then John's watching the movie is an instance of &%RecreationOrExercise, while Bill's is not (both cases of watching the television program would however be in the class of &%Seeing, since being an instance of this latter class is not determined by intention)." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Smoking "Inhaling and exhaling &%Smoke produced by a &%CigarOrCigarette." (is-a RecreationOrExercise) (role concrete)) (defclass Vacationing "Taking time off from &%Working." (is-a RecreationOrExercise) (role concrete)) (defclass OrganizationalProcess "An &%IntentionalProcess that involves an &%Organization." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Election "&%Election is the class of events conducted by an organization, in which qualified participants vote for officers, adopt resolutions, or settle other issues in that &%Organization." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete) (multislot candidateForPosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%candidateForPosition ?ELECTION ?POSITION ?CONTENDER) means that in the &%Election ?ELECTION for ?POSITION, the &%Agent ?CONTENDER was one of the candidates.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot electionForPosition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%electionForPosition ?ELECTION ?POSITION) means that in the &%Election ?ELECTION, candidates run for election to the role(s) ?POSITION.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SocialRole) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot voteFractionReceived_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%voteFractionReceived ?ELECTION ?POSITION ?CONTENDER ?FRACTION) means that in the &%Election ?ELECTION for ?POSITION, the &%Agent ?CONTENDER received ?FRACTION of the votes cast. Contenders may be either persons or political parties.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot electionWinner_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%electionWinner ?ELECTION ?POSITION ?CONTENDER) means that in the &%Election ?ELECTION, ?POSITION was won by the &%Agent ?CONTENDER. Contenders may be either persons or political parties.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ReligiousProcess "An &%OrganizationalProcess that is carried out within or by a &%ReligiousOrganization." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass JoiningAnOrganization "The &%OrganizationalProcess of becoming a &%member of an &%Organization." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Matriculation "The &%OrganizationalProcess of joining an &%EducationalOrganization as a student." (is-a JoiningAnOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass Hiring "&%OrganizationalProcesses where someone is made an employee of an &%Organization." (is-a JoiningAnOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass LeavingAnOrganization "The &%OrganizationalProcess of leaving an &%Organization, whether voluntarily or involuntarily." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Graduation "The &%OrganizationalProcess of graduating from an &%EducationalOrganization." (is-a LeavingAnOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass TerminatingEmployment "&%OrganizationalProcesses where someone ceases to be an employee of an &%Organization. Note that this covers being laid off, being fired, and voluntarily leaving a job." (is-a LeavingAnOrganization) (role concrete)) (defclass Retiring "Voluntarily leaving employment at the end of one's career in order to take time off in the later years of one's life." (is-a TerminatingEmployment) (role concrete)) (defclass PoliticalProcess "An &%OrganizationalProcess carried out by, for or against officially constituted governments. Some examples would be voting on proposed legislation, electing a government representative, or even overthrowing a government in a revolution." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass JudicialProcess "Any legal proceeding which is conducted by a &%JudicialOrganization. Note that there is an important difference between the concepts &%LegalAction and &%JudicialProcess. The former refers to legal claims that are brought by a plaintiff, e.g. law suits, while the second refers to trials and other sorts of judicial hearings where the merits of a &%LegalAction are decided." (is-a PoliticalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryProcess "Any &%Process that is carried out by a military organization. Note that this class covers &%Processes, e.g. military operations, that are the result of careful planning, as well as those which are unscripted." (is-a PoliticalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Punishing "Any &%OrganizationalProcess where the &%agent does something to the &%destination that the &%agent knows is undesirable for the &%destination." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass BeginningOperations "The process of an &%Organization commencing operations. In the case of a &%Corporation, this would be the process of going into business." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass CeasingOperations "The process of an &%Organization ceasing operations, i.e. its folding or going out of business in some other fashion." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass LaborStriking "A &%Process in which some or all of the employees of an &%Organization refuse to work until their pay is increased or their working conditions are improved in some respect." (is-a OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Guiding "Any &%IntentionalProcess where the &%agent tries to direct the movements of another &%Object, whether an &%Agent or not." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass RegulatoryProcess "an &%Guiding whose aim is the enforcement of rules or regulations. Note the key differences between &%RegulatoryProcess and the related concept &%Managing. The latter implies a long-term relationship between a single manager and limited number of agents who are managed, while the former implies a normative standard to which the activities of the regulated are referred." (is-a Guiding) (role concrete)) (defclass Managing "&%OrganizationalProcesses that involve overseeing the activities of others. Note the key differences between &%RegulatoryProcess and its sibling &%Managing. The latter implies a long-term relationship between the manager and the managed, while the former implies a normative standard to which the activities of the regulated are referred." (is-a OrganizationalProcess Guiding) (role concrete)) (defclass Steering "Controlling the direction and/or speed of a &%TransportationDevice. This includes navigating a ship, driving a car or truck, operating a train, etc." (is-a Guiding) (role concrete)) (defclass EducationalProcess "Any &%Process which is intended to result in &%Learning." (is-a Guiding) (role concrete)) (defclass OrchestralConducting "The &%Process of directing an orchestra." (is-a Guiding) (role concrete)) (defclass DramaticDirecting "The process of directing a &%DramaticActing in a &%MotionPicture or the &%Performance of a &%DramaticPlay." (is-a Guiding) (role concrete)) (defclass Keeping "The &%Class of &%Processes where the &%agent keeps something in a particular location for an extended period of time." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Confining "The &%Class of &%Keeping &%Processes where the &%patient is a &%Human or an &%Animal and is kept involuntarily. This covers caging, imprisonment, jailing, etc." (is-a Keeping) (role concrete)) (defclass Maintaining "The &%Class of &%Processes where the &%agent cares for or maintains the &%Object." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Agriculture "&%Agriculture is a class of &%Processes in which land, plants, or animals are cultivated in order to produce food or other organic products." (is-a Maintaining) (role concrete)) (defclass Repairing "The &%Class of &%Processes where the &%agent makes a modification or series of modifications to an &%Object that is not functioning as intended so that it works properly." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass TherapeuticProcess "A &%Process that is carried out for the purpose of curing, improving or reducing the pain associated with a &%DiseaseOrSyndrome." (is-a Repairing) (role concrete)) (defclass Surgery "Any &%TherapeuticProcess that involves making an incision in the &%Animal that is the &%patient of the &%TherapeuticProcess." (is-a TherapeuticProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Poking "The &%Class of &%Processes where the &%agent pierces the surface of the &%Object with an &%instrument." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Cutting "The &%subclass of &%Poking &%Processes which involve a sharp &%instrument." (is-a Poking) (role concrete)) (defclass ContentDevelopment "A &%subclass of &%IntentionalProcess in which content is modified, its form is altered or it is created anew." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Reading "A &%subclass of &%ContentDevelopment in which content is converted from a written form into a spoken representation. Note that the class &%Interpreting should be used in cases where a &%Text is read silently." (is-a ContentDevelopment) (role concrete)) (defclass Writing "A &%subclass of &%ContentDevelopment in which content is converted from one form (e.g. uttered, written or represented mentally) into a written form. Note that this class covers both transcription and original creation of written &%Texts." (is-a ContentDevelopment) (role concrete)) (defclass Encoding "Converting a document or message into a formal language or into a code that can be understood only by a relatively small body of &%Agents. Generally speaking, this hinders wide dissemination of the content in the original document or message. Encoding must use some procedure other than simple writing in a widely-used language, it must have some non-obvious features that make interpretation more difficult without knowledge of the encoding procedure. However, intentional hiding of the information is not Encoding, but Encryption." (is-a Writing) (role concrete) (multislot creates_S ;+ (comment "\"relates a physical event to an entity whose existence may be caused by the event. The entity usually comes into existence as a result of the event. The entity may be a new state, a physical embodiment of a mental entity (such as a musical composition), or a physical object. Note that this is a time-dependent relation, and therefore strictly abstract entities cannot be created, though their physical embodiments can. No creation event can be instantaneous, it must proceed over some time interval.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EncodedDocument) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Encryption "Encryption is the process of executing an EncryptionProcedure so that information in a human-recognizable form is represented so that the content cannot be recovered without knowledge of the decryption method. The decryption method may or may not be deducible from knowledge external to the encrypted data." (is-a Encoding) (role concrete) (multislot creates_S ;+ (comment "\"relates a physical event to an entity whose existence may be caused by the event. The entity usually comes into existence as a result of the event. The entity may be a new state, a physical embodiment of a mental entity (such as a musical composition), or a physical object. Note that this is a time-dependent relation, and therefore strictly abstract entities cannot be created, though their physical embodiments can. No creation event can be instantaneous, it must proceed over some time interval.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes EncryptedDocument) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Decoding "Converting a document or message that has previously been encoded (see &%Encoding) into a &%Language that can be understood by a relatively large number of speakers." (is-a Writing) (role concrete)) (defclass Translating "Converting content from one &%Language into another." (is-a ContentDevelopment DualObjectProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Photographing "&%ContentDevelopment where the &%instrument is a camera and the &%result is a &%Photograph." (is-a ContentDevelopment) (role concrete)) (defclass Composing "&%ContentDevelopment which results in a &%MusicalComposition." (is-a ContentDevelopment) (role concrete)) (defclass Pursuing "The class of &%IntentionalProcesses where something is sought. Some examples would be hunting, shopping, trawling, and stalking." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Hunting "&%Hunting is the class of &%Processes in which an animal or animals are pursued and sometimes captured and/or killed." (is-a Pursuing) (role concrete)) (defclass Fishing "&%Fishing is the class of &%Processes in which &%Fish are hunted." (is-a Hunting) (role concrete)) (defclass SocialInteraction "The &%subclass of &%IntentionalProcess that involves interactions between &%CognitiveAgents." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass ChangeOfPossession "The &%Class of &%Processes where ownership of something is transferred from one &%Agent to another." (is-a SocialInteraction) (role concrete)) (defclass Giving "The &%subclass of &%ChangeOfPossession where the &%agent gives the &%destination something." (is-a ChangeOfPossession) (role concrete)) (defclass Funding "Any instance of &%Giving where the &%patient is an instance of &%Currency. Note that this class covers both &%FinancialTransactions, e.g. where a firm funds a software company with venture capital with the agreement that a certain percentage of the profits on the investment will be returned to the firm, and instances of &%UnilateralGiving, e.g. a stipend provided to a student as part of scholarship or fellowship." (is-a Giving) (role concrete)) (defclass UnilateralGiving "Any instance of &%Giving that is not part of a &%Transaction. In other words, any instance of &%Giving where nothing is received in return. Some examples of &%UnilateralGiving are: honorary awards, gifts, and financial grants." (is-a Giving) (role concrete)) (defclass Lending "The &%subclass of &%Giving &%Processes where the &%agent gives the &%destination something for a limited period of time with the expectation that it will be returned later (perhaps with interest)." (is-a Giving) (role concrete)) (defclass GivingBack "Any instance of &%Giving where the &%agent gives something to the &%destination which was previously given to the &%agent by the &%destination, e.g. returing a book that was borrowed from someone." (is-a Giving) (role concrete)) (defclass Getting "The &%subclass of &%ChangeOfPossession where the &%agent gets something. Note that the source from which something is obtained is specified with the &%origin &%CaseRole." (is-a ChangeOfPossession) (role concrete)) (defclass UnilateralGetting "Any instance of &%Getting that is not part of a &%Transaction. In other words, any instance of &%Getting where nothing is given in return. Some examples of &%UnilateralGetting are: appropriating, commandeering, stealing, etc." (is-a Getting) (role concrete)) (defclass Inheriting "Any &%UnilateralGetting where the &%agent receives some part of the property of a person upon the death of the person." (is-a UnilateralGetting) (role concrete)) (defclass Borrowing "The &%subclass of &%Getting &%Processes where the &%agent gets something for a limited period of time with the expectation that it will be returned later (perhaps with interest)." (is-a Getting) (role concrete)) (defclass Transaction "The &%subclass of &%ChangeOfPossession where something is exchanged for something else." (is-a ChangeOfPossession DualObjectProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass FinancialTransaction "A &%Transaction where an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure is exchanged for something else." (is-a Transaction) (role concrete) (multislot profit_S ;+ (comment "\"The positive gain from an investment or business operation after subtracting for all expenses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot transactionAmount_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%transactionAmount ?Transaction ?Amount) means that ?Amount is an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure being exhanged in a &%FinancialTransaction ?Transaction.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot loss_S ;+ (comment "\"The amount by which the cost of an investment or business operation exceeds its return, i.e. the negative quantity left after subtracting for all expenses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CommercialService "Any &%FinancialTransaction by a &%Corporation where the aim is to produce a &%profit." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass FinancialService "Services performed by &%FinancialOrganizations." (is-a CommercialService) (role concrete)) (defclass AuthorizationOfTransaction "An activity which approves or disapproves a transaction." (is-a FinancialService RegulatoryProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass ProcessingACheck "An activity of paying the amount specified on the check from funds on deposit." (is-a AuthorizationOfTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Betting "A &%FinancialTransaction where an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure is exchanged for the possibility of winning a larger instance of &%CurrencyMeasure within the context of some sort of &%Game." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Buying "A &%FinancialTransaction in which an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure is exchanged for an instance of &%Physical." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Selling "A &%FinancialTransaction in which an instance of &%Physical is exchanged for an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Working "Any &%FinancialTransaction where someone exchanges his/her labor for an instance of &%CurrencyMeasure." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Farming "Operating a farm, e.g. planting and harvesting crops, tending livestock, etc." (is-a Working) (role concrete)) (defclass Serving "Working as a waiter or servant, either for an &%Organization (e.g. a restaurant) or for a person or family." (is-a Working) (role concrete)) (defclass Sales "Any instance of &%Working that involves &%Selling or trying to sell items." (is-a Working) (role concrete)) (defclass FillingAnOrder "Execute an order or buy or sell a &%Security." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass ChargingAFee "An activity of a fee being charged" (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Tax "A fee charged by a government on a product, income or activity." (is-a ChargingAFee) (role concrete)) (defclass DutyTax "A &%Tax that is levied on imports and/or exports." (is-a Tax) (role concrete)) (defclass Payment "The partial or complete discharge of an obligation by its settlement in the form of the transfer of funds, assets, or services equal to the monetary value of part or all of the debtor's obligation." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Deposit "An Activity of money being transferred into a customer's account at a financial institution." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Withdrawal "An activity of money being transferred from a customer's account at a financial institution." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Investing "An activity of commiting money or capital in order to gain a financial return." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Exporting "&%Exporting is the class of actions in which there is a &%ChangeOfPossession of goods shipped from a provider in one &%Nation to a destination in another &%Nation. Typically, there are &%Selling and &%Buying events associated with an &%Exporting. Either the seller or the exporting country may be considered the &%origin of &%Exporting." (is-a FinancialTransaction) (role concrete)) (defclass Sharing "The subclass of &%ChangeOfPossession where a &%properPart of the &%patient is given by the &%agent or the &%destination." (is-a ChangeOfPossession) (role concrete)) (defclass Pretending "Any &%SocialInteraction where a &%CognitiveAgent or &%Group of &%CognitiveAgents attempts to make another &%CognitiveAgent or &%Group of &%CognitiveAgents believe something that is false. This covers deceit, affectation, impersonation, and entertainment productions, to give just a few examples." (is-a SocialInteraction) (role concrete)) (defclass DramaticActing "Playing a character in a &%Performance, &%MotionPicture, etc." (is-a Pretending) (role concrete)) (defclass Communicating "A &%SocialInteraction that involves the transfer of information between two or more &%CognitiveAgents. Note that &%Communicating is closely related to, but essentially different from, &%ContentDevelopment. The latter involves the creation or modification of a &%ContentBearingObject, while &%Communicating is the transfer of information for the purpose of conveying a message. The product of the process Communicating is a Communication, which is a Proposition. See realization -- Communicating is the realization of a Proposition." (is-a SocialInteraction) (role concrete)) (defclass Disseminating "Any &%Communicating that involves a single &%agent and many &%destinations. This covers the release of a published book, broadcasting, a theatrical performance, giving orders to assembled troops, delivering a public lecture, etc." (is-a Communicating) (role concrete)) (defclass Demonstrating "Exhibiting something or a range of things before the public in a particular location. This would cover software demos, theatrical plays, lectures, dance and music recitals, museum exhibitions, etc." (is-a Disseminating) (role concrete) (single-slot attends_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%attends ?DEMO ?PERSON) means that ?PERSON attends, i.e. is a member of the audience, of the performance event ?DEMO.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ReligiousService "A formal process of public worship which is typically carried out in a church, temple or other sanctified building and which typically accords with a prescribed set of rules." (is-a ReligiousProcess Demonstrating) (role concrete)) (defclass ChristianService "Any &%ReligiousService that is conducted by &%members of &%Christianity." (is-a ReligiousService) (role concrete)) (defclass Performance "A &%Demonstrating which includes &%DramaticActing and/or &%Music and which is intended to entertain the audience." (is-a Demonstrating) (role concrete)) (defclass Advertising "A &%Disseminating whose purpose is to promote the sale of an &%Object represented in a &%Text or &%Icon (the advertisement)." (is-a Disseminating) (role concrete)) (defclass Expressing "Instances of this &%Class express a state of the &%agent. For example, Jane thanked Barbara for the present she had given her. The thanking in this case expresses the gratitude of Jane towards Barbara. Note that &%Expressing, unlike the other speech act types, is not a subclass of &%LinguisticCommunication. This is because emotions, for example, can be expressed without language, e.g. by smiling." (is-a Communicating) (role concrete)) (defclass ExpressingApproval "&%Expressing favor about a physical thing or a state of affairs." (is-a Expressing) (role concrete)) (defclass ExpressingDisapproval "&%Expressing disfavor about a physical thing or a state of affairs." (is-a Expressing) (role concrete)) (defclass Greeting "Any instance of &%Expressing an acknowledgment of a person's arrival. Note that this class is not a subclass of &%ExpressingInLanguage, because it covers gestures of greeting, e.g. &%Waving and &%Nodding in certain circumstances." (is-a Expressing) (role concrete)) (defclass LinguisticCommunication "A &%Communicating that involves the transfer of information via a &%LinguisticExpression." (is-a Communicating) (role concrete)) (defclass ExpressingInLanguage "Any instance of &%Expressing that is also an instance of &%LinguisticCommunication, e.g. thanking someone, expressing condolence, expressing disapproval with an utterance rather than a &%Gesture, etc." (is-a Expressing LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass Thanking "Any &%ExpressingInLanguage of appreciation to a person for something that the person did in the past." (is-a ExpressingInLanguage) (role concrete)) (defclass Stating "Instances of this &%Class commit the &%agent to some truth. For example, John claimed that the moon is made of green cheese." (is-a LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass Registering "Submitting official paperwork in a government agency, e.g. filing for divorce, making a legal claim against someone." (is-a Stating PoliticalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Answering "Responding to a &%Questioning, i.e. trying to answer someone's question." (is-a Stating) (role concrete)) (defclass Arguing "Any &%Stating which has the form of an &%Argument." (is-a Stating) (role concrete)) (defclass StatingALie "Any &%Stating which is both &%False and believed to be &%False by the &%agent of the &%Stating." (is-a Stating) (role concrete)) (defclass Testifying "Giving testimony as part of a &%JudicialProcess." (is-a Stating) (role concrete)) (defclass Supposing "Instances of this &%Class suppose, for the sake of argument, that a proposition is true. For example, John considered what he would do if he won the lottery." (is-a LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass Directing "Instances of this &%Class urge some further action among the receivers. A &%Directing can be an &%Ordering, a &%Requesting or a &%Questioning." (is-a LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass Ordering "A &%Directing in which the receiver is commanded to realize the content of a &%ContentBearingObject. Orders are injunctions, the disobedience of which involves sanctions, or which express an obligation upon the part of the orderee." (is-a Directing) (role concrete)) (defclass Requesting "A request expresses a desire that some future action be performed. For example, the 5th Battalion requested air support from the 3rd Bomber Group. Note that this class covers proposals, recommendations, suggestions, etc." (is-a Directing) (role concrete)) (defclass Reminding "Any &%Requesting that is intended to cause a &%Remembering of something." (is-a Requesting) (role concrete)) (defclass Praying "A formal or informal process of private worship which may or may not be carried out in a &%ReligiousBuilding." (is-a ReligiousProcess Requesting) (role concrete)) (defclass Questioning "A request for information. For example, John asked Bill if the President had said anything about taxes in his State of the Union address." (is-a Directing) (role concrete)) (defclass Committing "Instances of this &%Class commit the &%agent to some future course. For example, Bob promised Susan that he would be home by 11pm." (is-a LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass Offering "The subclass of &%Committing in which a &%CognitiveAgent offers something &%Physical to another agent. Offerings may be unconditional (in which case they are a promise to effect a &%UnilateralGiving) or conditional (in which case they are a promise to effect a &%Transaction of some sort)." (is-a Committing) (role concrete)) (defclass OfferingForSale "&%Offering to sell something to someone." (is-a Offering) (role concrete)) (defclass BargainSale "&%Offering to sell something to someone at a reduced price." (is-a Offering) (role concrete)) (defclass Threatening "Any &%Committing where the thing promised is something that is deemed undesirable by the &%destination of the &%Committing." (is-a Committing) (role concrete)) (defclass ClosingContract "Completing a &%Contract of some sort, e.g. the purchase of a house, closing a business deal, etc." (is-a Committing) (role concrete)) (defclass SigningADocument "&%SigningADocument is the class of actions in which an agent affixes a signature, stamp, or other evidence of authorization or attestation to a document. The document and signature may be electronic. Signings count as &%SocialInteractions even if done in private, because their significance derives from a social context." (is-a Committing) (role concrete)) (defclass Declaring "The &%Class of &%LinguisticCommunications that effect an institutional alteration when performed by competent authority. Some examples are nominating, marrying, and excommunicating." (is-a LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass Wedding "Any &%Declaring that leads to one person being the &%spouse of another." (is-a Declaring) (role concrete)) (defclass Naming "The &%Process of assigning a name to someone or something." (is-a Declaring) (role concrete)) (defclass Founding "Setting up an &%Organization." (is-a Declaring OrganizationalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass PassingABill "The &%Process of converting a &%LegislativeBill into &%Law by a duly authorized legislative body of &%Government." (is-a PoliticalProcess Declaring) (role concrete)) (defclass WrittenCommunication "Any &%LinguisticCommunication where the &%instrument is a &%Text, e.g. a letter, an email, a memo, etc." (is-a LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass Cooperation "The &%subclass of &%SocialInteraction where the participants involved work together for the achievement of a common goal." (is-a SocialInteraction) (role concrete)) (defclass Meeting "The coming together of two or more &%CognitiveAgents for the purpose of &%Communicating. This covers informal meetings, e.g. visits with family members, and formal meetings, e.g. a board of directors meeting." (is-a SocialInteraction) (role concrete)) (defclass SocialParty "Any &%Meeting where the intent is primarily to socialize and be entertained." (is-a Meeting RecreationOrExercise) (role concrete)) (defclass FormalMeeting "Any &%Meeting which is the result of &%Planning and whose purpose is not socializing." (is-a Meeting) (role concrete)) (defclass Contest "A &%SocialInteraction where the &%agent and &%patient are &%CognitiveAgents who are trying to defeat one another. Note that this concept is often applied in a metaphorical sense in natural language, when we speak, e.g., of the struggle of plants for space or sunlight, or of bacteria for food resources in some environment." (is-a SocialInteraction) (role concrete) (single-slot contestParticipant_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%contestParticipant ?CONTEST ?AGENT) means that ?AGENT is one of the sides in the &%Contest ?CONTEST. For example, if the ?CONTEST is a football game, then ?AGENT would be one of the opposing teams. For another example, if ?CONTEST is a &%Battle, then ?AGENT would be one of the sides fighting each other.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ViolentContest "A &%Contest where one participant attempts to physically injure another participant." (is-a Contest) (role concrete)) (defclass War "A military confrontation between two or more &%GeopoliticalAreas or &%Organizations whose members are &%GeopoliticalAreas. As the corresponding axiom specifies, a &%War is made up of &%Battles." (is-a ViolentContest) (role concrete)) (defclass CivilWar "A &%War in which the fighting &%GeopoliticalAreas are both part of the same &%Nation." (is-a War) (role concrete)) (defclass Battle "A &%ViolentContest between two or more military units within the context of a war. Note that this does not cover the metaphorical sense of 'battle', which simply means a struggle of some sort. This sense should be represented with the more general concept of &%Contest." (is-a ViolentContest) (role concrete)) (defclass Game "A &%Contest whose purpose is the enjoyment/stimulation of the participants or spectators of the &%Game." (is-a Contest RecreationOrExercise) (role concrete)) (defclass Sport "A &%Game which requires some degree of physical exercion from the participants of the game." (is-a Game) (role concrete)) (defclass Boxing "A sport which involves two participants who try to knock each other out in a limited number of rounds. Note that each instance of &%Boxing is a boxing match." (is-a ViolentContest Sport) (role concrete)) (defclass Gymnastics "A sport which involves exercises of agility on a range of gymnastic equipment." (is-a Sport) (role concrete)) (defclass Baseball "A sport which involves two teams of 9 players each that take turns at bat and attempt to score runs. Note that each instance of &%Baseball is a baseball game." (is-a Sport) (role concrete)) (defclass LegalAction "Any &%Process where a &%CognitiveAgent seeks to obtain something through a court of law." (is-a Contest) (role concrete)) (defclass LegalCharge "Any &%LegalAction of which a &%Government is the &%agent." (is-a LegalAction) (role concrete)) (defclass Debating "A &%Contest where each participant holds a different view regarding some issue, and each participant attempts to prove, by rhetoric or evidence, that his/her own views about a particular matter are correct and/or that the views of the other participants are incorrect." (is-a Contest LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass Negotiating "A &%Contest where each participant attempts to maximize his self-interest in a &%Promise that marks the end of the &%Contest." (is-a Contest LinguisticCommunication) (role concrete)) (defclass BusinessCompetition "Any &%Contest where the &%contestParticipants are &%Corporations and the aim is to win as many customers as possible." (is-a Contest) (role concrete)) (defclass Maneuver "An intentional move or play within a &%Contest. In many cases, a &%Maneuver is a realization of part of a strategy for winning the &%Contest, but it also may be just an arbitrary or semi-arbitrary division of the overarching &%Contest, e.g. innings in a baseball game." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Attack "A &%Maneuver in a &%ViolentContest where the &%agent attempts to inflict damage on the &%patient." (is-a Maneuver) (role concrete)) (defclass DefensiveManeuver "A &%Maneuver in a &%ViolentContest where the &%agent attempts to avoid being damaged." (is-a Maneuver) (role concrete)) (defclass BaseballManeuver "Any &%Maneuver in &%Baseball." (is-a Maneuver) (role concrete)) (defclass BaseballWalk "Taking first base after four balls have been called by the umpire." (is-a BaseballManeuver) (role concrete)) (defclass BaseballInning "A division of a &%Baseball game. A normal game consists of 9 innings, and each inning involves a turn a bat for both teams." (is-a Maneuver) (role concrete)) (defclass CriminalAction "Any &%IntentionalProcess that violates a &%Law." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Stealing "Any &%UnilateralGetting which is not permitted by the &%origin of the &%UnilateralGetting. These cases of &%UnilateralGetting are distinguished from ones where the &%destination is the subject of charity or other forms of benefaction." (is-a UnilateralGetting CriminalAction) (role concrete)) (defclass EconomicActivity "Broadly, any intentional action by a CognitiveAgent that involves creation or consumption of articles of commerce, transfer or conversion of financial assets, or any other action performed with the general intention of designing, creating, transporting, or exchanging things of value." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass UsingAnAccount "Putting money into ro taking money out of a FinancialAccount." (is-a EconomicActivity) (role concrete)) (defclass DrawingACheck "An activity of paying by a check." (is-a UsingAnAccount) (role concrete)) (defclass DepositingACheck "An activity of depositing a check into a &%FinancialOrganization." (is-a UsingAnAccount) (role concrete)) (defclass BusinessProcess "Any process used in business including but not restricted to buying, selling, manufacturing, or performing a service." (is-a IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Motion "Any &%Process of movement." (is-a Process) (role concrete) (multislot path_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%path ?MOTION ?PATH) means that ?PATH is a route along which ?MOTION occurs. For example, Highway 101 is the path in the following proposition: the car drove up Highway 101.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass BodyMotion "Any &%Motion where the &%agent is an &%Organism and the &%patient is a &%BodyPart." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Swimming "Any deliberate and controlled &%BodyMotion through water that is accomplished by an &%Organism." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass Dancing "Any &%BodyMotion of &%Humans which is deliberately coordinated with music." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass Gesture "Any &%BodyMotion, e.g. a hand wave, a nod of the head, a smile, which expresses a &%StateOfMind." (is-a Expressing BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass FacialExpression "Any &%Gesture whose &%instrument is the &%Face." (is-a Gesture) (role concrete)) (defclass Smiling "Spreading the lips in such a way as to convey happiness." (is-a FacialExpression) (role concrete)) (defclass Frowning "Furrowing the forehead in such a way as to convey unhappiness." (is-a FacialExpression) (role concrete)) (defclass Weeping "&%Expressing unhappiness by shedding tears." (is-a FacialExpression) (role concrete)) (defclass Nodding "Moving the &%Head up and down or side to side to indicate approval or disapproval." (is-a Gesture) (role concrete)) (defclass Waving "Moving a &%Hand to indicate a greeting, farewell, recognition, goodwill, etc." (is-a Gesture) (role concrete)) (defclass Shrugging "Moving the &%Shoulders in such a way that the motion is intended to express something to someone else." (is-a BodyMotion Gesture) (role concrete)) (defclass Stepping "The &%BodyMotion of extending one foot forward and then bringing the other foot to the same lateral position as the first leg." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass Indicating "Pointing out a person, place or thing with one's hand or with an &%Artifact." (is-a Communicating BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass Chewing "Breaking up or mashing &%Food with one's teeth." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass LyingDown "The &%BodyMotion of moving from a &%Sitting to a &%Prostrate position." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass SittingDown "The &%BodyMotion of moving from a &%Standing to a &%Sitting position." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass StandingUp "The &%BodyMotion of moving from a &%Sitting to a &%Standing position." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass OpeningEyes "The &%BodyMotion of relaxing the eye lids so that the corneas are exposed to light." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass ClosingEyes "The &%BodyMotion of tensing the eye lids so that the corneas are not exposed to light." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass Winking "Any instance of &%ClosingEyes which is intended to express something to someone else." (is-a ClosingEyes Gesture) (role concrete)) (defclass Trembling "Any &%BodyMotion which is involuntary and which is repeated many times over a short time frame, e.g. a tremor in the hands." (is-a BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass GeologicalProcess "The class of activities that are caused by geological forces and affect geological features, and which may affect the biosphere as well." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Earthquake "&%Earthquake is the class of events in which the earth shakes while its layers readjust due to tensional stresses in the surface of the earth. A single earthquake may consist of one or more &%EarthTremors." (is-a GeologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass EarthTremor "An &%EarthTremor is an individual seismic event in which the earth shakes due to release of seismic pressures." (is-a GeologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass DirectionChange "The act of changing the direction in which the &%patient of the act is oriented." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Translocation "&%Translocation is that class of &%Motions in which an object moves from one place to another. In the case of round trips, the &%origin and &%destination are the same, but the intervening motion passes through other locations. &%Translocation represents linear motion, in contrast to rotation or other movement in place. A vehicle is not necessary; &%Ambulating is a kind of &%Translocation." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Ambulating "Any &%BodyMotion which is accomplished by means of the legs of an &%Animal for the purpose of moving from one point to another." (is-a BodyMotion Translocation) (role concrete)) (defclass Walking "&%Ambulating relatively slowly, i.e. moving in such a way that at least one foot is always in contact with the ground." (is-a Ambulating) (role concrete)) (defclass Running "&%Ambulating relatively quickly, i.e. moving in such a way that, with each step, neither foot is in contact with the ground for a period of time." (is-a Ambulating) (role concrete)) (defclass Transfer "Any &%instance of &%Translocation where the &%agent and the &%patient are not the same thing." (is-a Translocation) (role concrete)) (defclass Carrying "&%Transfer from one point to another by means of an &%Animal or &%Human." (is-a Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass Removing "The &%Class of &%Processes where something is taken away from a location. Note that the thing removed and the location are specified with the &%CaseRoles &%patient and &%origin, respectively." (is-a Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass Uncovering "The &%Class of &%Removing processes where the &%agent uncovers the &%patient, either completely or only partially." (is-a Removing) (role concrete)) (defclass Drying "The &%Class of &%Processes where a &%Liquid is removed from an &%Object." (is-a Removing) (role concrete)) (defclass HairRemoval "&%Removing (some or all) the &%Hair from the body of an &%Animal. Note that this covers shaving hair, cutting hair, pulling hair out by the roots, etc." (is-a Removing) (role concrete)) (defclass Putting "The &%Class of &%Processes where something is put in a location. Note that the location is specified with the &%CaseRole &%destination." (is-a Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass Covering "The &%Class of &%Putting processes where the &%agent covers the &%patient, either completely or only partially, with something else." (is-a Putting) (role concrete)) (defclass Dressing "The &%Process of putting on &%Clothing." (is-a Putting Covering) (role concrete)) (defclass Inserting "&%Putting one thing inside of another thing." (is-a Putting) (role concrete)) (defclass Injecting "&%Inserting a &%BiologicallyActiveSubstance into an &%Animal or a &%Human with a syringe." (is-a Inserting) (role concrete)) (defclass Wetting "The &%Class of &%Processes where a &%Liquid is added to an &%Object." (is-a Putting) (role concrete)) (defclass Installing "&%Putting a &%Device in a location and configuring the &%Device so that it can be used as intended after the installation." (is-a Putting) (role concrete)) (defclass Planting "&%Planting is the class of processes in which &%Plants are planted or transplanted, whether as seeds, seedlings, or mature plants." (is-a Putting) (role concrete)) (defclass Substituting "The &%Class of &%Transfers where one thing is replaced with something else." (is-a Transfer DualObjectProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Impelling "The &%subclass of &%Transfer where the &%patient travels through space by means of a sudden, forceful event. Some examples would be shooting, throwing, tossing, etc." (is-a Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass Shooting "The &%subclass of &%Impelling where the &%patient is a projectile that is fired through the air by means of some sort of &%Device." (is-a Impelling) (role concrete)) (defclass Spitting "Any instance of &%Impelling where the &%origin is the &%Mouth of the &%agent." (is-a Impelling) (role concrete)) (defclass Kicking "Any instance of &%Impelling where the &%instrument is a &%Foot of the &%agent." (is-a Impelling) (role concrete)) (defclass GameShot "Impelling a &%GamePiece for the purpose of scoring a point or preventing the opposing player or team from scoring a point. Note that this class does not cover shots which are disallowed by the rules of the game." (is-a Impelling Maneuver) (role concrete)) (defclass Score "A successful attempt to score a point in a &%Game." (is-a GameShot) (role concrete)) (defclass BaseballHit "Any base hit in &%Baseball." (is-a GameShot BaseballManeuver) (role concrete)) (defclass BaseballRun "A &%Score in &%Baseball. It consists of hitting the ball with the bat and then touching all four bases of the diamond before being tagged with the ball by a member of the opposite team." (is-a BaseballHit Score) (role concrete)) (defclass HomeRun "A &%BaseballRun where the batter touches home base during his turn at bat." (is-a BaseballRun) (role concrete)) (defclass Throwing "Any instance of &%Impelling where the &%instrument is an &%Arm." (is-a Impelling BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass Pitching "&%Throwing a &%Ball to the batter in a game of &%Baseball or softball." (is-a Throwing GameShot) (role concrete)) (defclass Touching "Any &%Transfer where two &%Objects are brought into immediate physical contact with one another." (is-a Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass Grabbing "Any instance of &%Touching which results in a situation where the &%agent &%grasps the &%patient of the &%Touching." (is-a Touching) (role concrete)) (defclass Biting "Any instance of &%Grabbing where the &%instrument is the &%Mouth of the &%agent." (is-a Grabbing) (role concrete)) (defclass Impacting "Any &%Touching where something comes into sudden, forceful, physical contact with something else. Some examples would be striking, knocking, whipping etc." (is-a Touching) (role concrete)) (defclass Kissing "The class of &%Touching processes where the lips of two persons are brought into contact with each other." (is-a Touching) (role concrete)) (defclass Catching "Any &%Maneuver in a &%Game which results in a situation where the &%agent &%grasps the &%Ball." (is-a Touching Maneuver) (role concrete)) (defclass Releasing "Any instance of &%Transfer which results in a situation where it is not the case that the &%agent &%grasps something which he/she &%grasps previously." (is-a Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass Mailing "Any instance of &%Transfer where a postal system is used to move the &%patient, either a letter or a package." (is-a Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass MovingResidence "The process of changing one's residence, i.e. moving one's belongs to a new &%home." (is-a Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass Transportation "&%Motion from one point to another by means of a &%TransportationDevice." (is-a Translocation) (role concrete)) (defclass Pulling "Any instance of &%Transportation, where a &%TransportationDevice is dragged by something else, whether the something else is an &%Animal or a self-powered &%TransportationDevice." (is-a Transportation) (role concrete)) (defclass AirTransportation "Any instance of &%Transportation where the &%instrument is an &%Aircraft and which is through an &%AtmosphericRegion." (is-a Transportation) (role concrete)) (defclass LandTransportation "Any instance of &%Transportation where the &%instrument is a &%LandVehicle." (is-a Transportation) (role concrete)) (defclass WaterTransportation "Any instance of &%Transportation where the &%instrument is a &%Watercraft." (is-a Transportation) (role concrete)) (defclass SpaceTransportation "Any instance of &%Transportation where the &%instrument is a &%Spacecraft and which is through a &%SpaceRegion." (is-a Transportation) (role concrete)) (defclass Flying "Any instance of &%Translocation which is through an &%AtmosphericRegion and which is powered by the wings of an &%Animal." (is-a Translocation) (role concrete)) (defclass TakingOff "Any instance of &%Translocation which starts on something other than an &%AtmosphericRegion and which has an instance of &%Flying as a &%subProcess." (is-a Translocation) (role concrete)) (defclass Landing "Any instance of &%Translocation which ends up on something other than an &%AtmosphericRegion and which has an instance of &%Flying as a &%subProcess." (is-a Translocation) (role concrete)) (defclass Returning "Any instance of &%Translocation where the &%agent goes to a location where he/she had been before the &%Translocation took place." (is-a Translocation) (role concrete)) (defclass Escaping "Any instance of &%Translocation where the &%agent brings it about that he/she is no longer confined without having the right to do so." (is-a Translocation) (role concrete)) (defclass Radiating "Processes in which some form of electromagnetic radiation, e.g. radio waves, light waves, electrical energy, etc., is given off or absorbed by something else." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass RadiatingLight "The &%subclass of &%Radiating in which light is given off or absorbed. Some examples include blinking, flashing, and glittering." (is-a Radiating) (role concrete)) (defclass ReflectingLight "Those instances of &%RadiatingLight where the &%instrument is not a light source, but is simply a surface which bends light waves that come in contact with it." (is-a RadiatingLight) (role concrete)) (defclass RadiatingSound "The &%subclass of &%Radiating in which sound waves are given off or absorbed. Some examples include creaking, roaring, and whistling." (is-a Radiating) (role concrete)) (defclass Vocalizing "Any instance of &%RadiatingSound where the &%instrument is the &%Human vocal cords. This covers grunts, screams, roars, as well as &%Speaking." (is-a RadiatingSound BodyMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass Laughing "Expressing happiness by &%Vocalizing in a certain way." (is-a Vocalizing FacialExpression) (role concrete)) (defclass Music "The &%subclass of &%RadiatingSound where the sound is intended to be melodic and is produced deliberately." (is-a RadiatingSound) (role concrete)) (defclass InstrumentalMusic "&%Music which is produced (at least in part) by a &%MusicalInstrument." (is-a Music) (role concrete)) (defclass MonophonicMusic "&%Music which has a single part, i.e. &%Music which cannot be divided into two or more contemporaneous &%subProcesses which are also instances of &%Music." (is-a Music) (role concrete)) (defclass PolyphonicMusic "&%Music which has two or more parts, i.e. &%Music which can be divided into two or more contemporaneous &%subProcesses which are also instances of &%Music." (is-a Music) (role concrete)) (defclass RadiatingElectromagnetic "&%RadiatingElectromagnetic is the subclass of &%Radiating processes in which electromagnetic radiation is transmitted or absorbed." (is-a Radiating) (role concrete)) (defclass Magnetism "Any instance of &%RadiatingElectromagnetic which involves the attraction of &%Iron." (is-a RadiatingElectromagnetic) (role concrete)) (defclass RadioEmission "Any instance of &%RadiatingElectromagnetic where the waves have a wavelength between 5 milimeters and 30,000 meters." (is-a RadiatingElectromagnetic) (role concrete)) (defclass Broadcasting "&%Disseminating information by using a &%CommunicationDevice that radiates &%RadioEmissions." (is-a Disseminating RadioEmission) (role concrete)) (defclass RadioBroadcasting "Any instance of &%Broadcasting which is intended to be received by a &%Radio." (is-a Broadcasting) (role concrete)) (defclass TelevisionBroadcasting "Any instance of &%Broadcasting which is intended to be received by a &%Television." (is-a Broadcasting) (role concrete)) (defclass RadiatingNuclear "Releasing atomic energy, i.e. energy from a nuclear reaction." (is-a Radiating) (role concrete)) (defclass Explosion "Any sudden and massive release of energy that is the product of a chemical reaction." (is-a Radiating) (role concrete)) (defclass Stretching "Moving two sides of an object in opposite directions so that the object becomes both longer and thinner." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Leaving "The initial part of any instance of &%Translocation." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Arriving "The final part of any instance of &%Translocation." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Rotating "&%Motion that begins and ends at the same point, because the trajectory of the &%Motion is circular." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass MotionUpward "&%Motion where an &%Object is moving away from the ground." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass MotionDownward "&%Motion where an &%Object is moving toward the ground." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Bowing "Any downward motion of the body that indicates respect for or submission to another &%Agent." (is-a Gesture MotionDownward) (role concrete)) (defclass Ducking "Purposely moving one's body downward in such a way as to avoid being hit by something." (is-a IntentionalProcess BodyMotion MotionDownward) (role concrete)) (defclass Falling "&%Falling is the class of events in which something moves from a higher location to a lower location under the force of gravity." (is-a Translocation MotionDownward) (role concrete)) (defclass Reversing "Moving something in such a way that its &%top becomes its &%bottom and vice versa." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass LiquidMotion "Any &%Motion where the &%patient is a &%Liquid. This class would cover, in particular, the flow of &%Water." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Dripping "Any &%LiquidMotion where the &%Liquid is moved drop by drop." (is-a LiquidMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass Pouring "Any instance of &%Transfer from one &%Container to another, where the thing transferred is a &%Liquid." (is-a LiquidMotion Transfer) (role concrete)) (defclass WaterMotion "Any &%LiquidMotion where the &%Liquid is &%Water." (is-a LiquidMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass WaterWave "A &%WaterWave is a raised ridge of water moving along the surface of a body of water. The &%WaterWave moves in a direction approximately transverse to the crest line of the wave. The &%patient of the &%WaterWave is successive regions of water, which do not travel in the direction of the wave or with it." (is-a LiquidMotion) (role concrete)) (defclass GasMotion "Any &%Motion where the &%patient is a &%Gas. This class would cover, in particular, the motion of &%Air, e.g. a breeze or wind." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Opening "The &%Class of &%Processes where an aperture is created in an &%Object. Note that the aperture may be created intentionally, as when one opens a door, or unintentionally, as when the ground ruptures in a seismic event." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass Closing "The &%Class of &%Processes where an aperture is closed in an &%Object." (is-a Motion) (role concrete)) (defclass OralCommunicating "" (is-a Process) (role concrete)) (defclass InternalChange "&%Processes which involve altering an internal property of an &%Object, e.g. the shape of the &%Object, its coloring, its structure, etc. &%Processes that are not instances of this class include changes that only affect the relationship to other objects, e.g. changes in spatial or temporal location." (is-a Process) (role concrete)) (defclass BiologicalProcess "A &%Process embodied in an &%Organism." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass PhysiologicProcess "A normal process of an &%Organism or part of an &%Organism." (is-a BiologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass OrganismProcess "A physiologic function of the &%Organism as a whole, of multiple organ systems or of multiple &%Organs or &%Tissues." (is-a PhysiologicProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Birth "The &%Process of being born." (is-a OrganismProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Death "The &%Process of dying." (is-a OrganismProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Breathing "The &%Process of respiration, by which oxygen is made available to an &%Animal. This covers processes of inhalation, exhalation, and alternations between the two." (is-a OrganismProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Ingesting "The &%Process by which &%Food is taken into an &%Animal." (is-a OrganismProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Eating "The &%Process by which solid &%Food is incorporated into an &%Animal." (is-a Ingesting) (role concrete)) (defclass Drinking "The &%Process by which liquid &%Food, i.e. &%Beverages, are incorporated into an &%Animal." (is-a Ingesting) (role concrete)) (defclass Digesting "The &%Process by which &%Food that has been ingested is broken down into simpler chemical compounds and absorbed by the &%Organism." (is-a OrganismProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Growth "The &%Process of biological development in which an &%Organism or part of an &%Organism changes its form or its size." (is-a OrganismProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Replication "The &%Process of biological reproduction. This can be either a sexual or an asexual process." (is-a OrganismProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass SexualReproduction "Sexual &%Processes of biological reproduction." (is-a Replication) (role concrete)) (defclass AsexualReproduction "Asexual &%Processes of biological reproduction." (is-a Replication) (role concrete)) (defclass OrganOrTissueProcess "A &%PhysiologicProcess of a particular &%Organ or &%Tissue." (is-a PhysiologicProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass AutonomicProcess "The class of &%BiologicalProcesses of which there is not conscious awareness and control." (is-a BiologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Bleeding "The release of &%Blood from an &%Animal in response to an &%Injuring of some sort." (is-a AutonomicProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass PsychologicalProcess "A &%BiologicalProcess which takes place in the mind or brain of an &%Organism and which may be manifested in the behavior of the &%Organism." (is-a BiologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass IntentionalPsychologicalProcess "An &%IntentionalProcess that can be realized entirely within the mind or brain of an &%Organism. Thus, for example, &%Reasoning is a subclass of &%IntentionalPsychologicalProcess, because one can reason simply by exercising one's mind/brain. On the other hand, &%RecreationOrExercise is not a subclass of &%IntentionalPsychologicalProcess, because many instances of &%RecreationOrExercise necessarily have &%subProcesses of &%BodyMotion." (is-a IntentionalProcess PsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Planning "Specifying a set of actions in order to meet a set of goals or objectives." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Designing "The spatial analogue of &%Planning. &%Designing a &%Collection of &%Objects involves determining a placement of the &%Objects with respect to one another and perhaps other &%Objects as well, in order to satisfy a particular purpose." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Interpreting "Any &%Process of assigning a &%Proposition to a &%Text, i.e. understanding the &%Text." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Learning "The &%Class of &%Processes which relate to the acquisition of information." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Discovering "Finding something that was sought. Note that this class is restricted to cases of discovering something &%Physical. For cases involving the acquisition of knowledge, the class &%Learning should be used." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Classifying "The &%Class of &%IntentionalPsychologicalProcesses which involve attaching a name or category to a thing or set of things. Note that &%Classifying is distinguished from &%Learning by the fact that the latter covers the acquisition by a &%CognitiveAgent of any &%Proposition, while the former involves the assignment of a label or category." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Reasoning "The &%Class of &%IntentionalPsychologicalProcesses which involve concluding, on the basis of either deductive or inductive evidence, that a particular &%Proposition or &%Sentence is true." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Selecting "The &%Class of &%IntentionalPsychologicalProcesses which involve opting for one or more &%Entity out of a larger set of &%Entities." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Deciding "The subclass of &%Selecting where the &%agent opts for one course of action out of a set of multiple possibilities." (is-a Selecting) (role concrete)) (defclass LegalDecision "A decision issued by a court with respect to a &%LegalAction." (is-a Deciding Declaring) (role concrete)) (defclass LegalAward "Any &%LegalDecision which gives to the plaintiff of the corresponding &%LegalAction some amount of monetary compensation." (is-a LegalDecision) (role concrete)) (defclass LegalConviction "Any &%LegalDecision where the defendant is found guilty of the crime for which the corresponding trial was held." (is-a LegalDecision) (role concrete)) (defclass LegalAquittal "Any &%LegalDecision where the defendant is found not to be guilty of the crime for which the corresponding trial was held." (is-a LegalDecision) (role concrete)) (defclass Resolution "Any instance of &%Deciding which is conducted at a &%FormalMeeting and where the &%agent is an &%Organization." (is-a Deciding) (role concrete)) (defclass GameCall "A decision issued by an official referee in a &%Game. Note that &%GameCall is a subclass of &%Declaring, because these decisions have binding, normative force." (is-a Deciding Declaring) (role concrete)) (defclass Voting "&%Voting is the activity of voting in an &%Election. Voting is typically done by individuals, while &%Elections are conducted by &%Organizations. The voting process by an individual voter is part of an &%Election process." (is-a Selecting) (role concrete)) (defclass Comparing "The &%Class of &%IntentionalPsychologicalProcesses which involve comparing, relating, contrasting, etc. the properties of two or more &%Entities." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess DualObjectProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Calculating "&%IntentionalPsychologicalProcesses which involve the consideration and/or manipulation of instances of &%Quantity." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Measuring "The &%Class of &%Calculating &%Processes where the aim is to determine the &%PhysicalQuantity of some aspect of the &%patient." (is-a Calculating) (role concrete)) (defclass Counting "Enumerating something. The &%Class of &%Calculating &%Processes where the aim is to determine the &%Number corresponding to the &%patient." (is-a Calculating) (role concrete)) (defclass Predicting "The &%Class of &%IntentionalPsychologicalProcesses which involve the formulation of a &%Proposition about a state of affairs which might be realized in the future." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Investigating "The class of &%IntentionalPsychologicalProcesses where the &%agent attempts to obtaina information (i.e. a &%Proposition denoted by a &%Formula)." (is-a IntentionalPsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass DiagnosticProcess "A &%Process that is carried out for the purpose of determining the nature of a &%DiseaseOrSyndrome." (is-a Investigating) (role concrete)) (defclass Experimenting "&%Investigating the truth of a &%Proposition by constructing and observing a trial. Note that the trial may be either controlled or uncontrolled, blind or not blind." (is-a Investigating) (role concrete)) (defclass Remembering "The &%Class of &%PsychologicalProcesses which involve the recollection of prior experiences and/or of knowledge which was previously acquired." (is-a PsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Perception "Sensing some aspect of the material world. Note that the &%agent of this sensing is assumed to be an &%Animal." (is-a PsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Seeing "The &%subclass of &%Perception in which the sensing is done by an ocular &%Organ." (is-a Perception) (role concrete)) (defclass Looking "Any instance of &%Seeing which is intentional." (is-a Seeing IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Smelling "The &%subclass of &%Perception in which the sensing is done by an olefactory &%Organ." (is-a Perception) (role concrete)) (defclass Tasting "The &%subclass of &%Perception in which the sensing is done by of an &%Organ which can discriminate various tastes." (is-a Perception) (role concrete)) (defclass Hearing "The &%subclass of &%Perception in which the sensing is done by an auditory &%Organ." (is-a Perception) (role concrete)) (defclass Listening "Any instance of &%Hearing which is intentional." (is-a Hearing IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass TactilePerception "The &%subclass of &%Perception in which the sensing is done by &%Touching. Note that &%Touching need not involve &%TactilePerception. For example, a person who has lost all sensation in both of his legs would have no &%TactilePerception of anything his legs were &%Touching." (is-a Perception) (role concrete)) (defclass FallingAsleep "The process of transitioning from a state of being &%Awake to a state of being &%Asleep." (is-a PsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass WakingUp "The process of transitioning from a state of being &%Asleep to a state of being &%Awake." (is-a PsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Imagining "Forming a mental picture of something which is not present." (is-a PsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Dreaming "A &%Process of producing metal images which occurs while one is &%Asleep." (is-a Imagining) (role concrete)) (defclass Frightening "Any &%PsychologicalProcess where the &%patient comes to feel &%Anxiety." (is-a PsychologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass PathologicProcess "A disordered process, activity, or state of the &%Organism as a whole, of a body system or systems, or of multiple &%Organs or &%Tissues. Included here are normal responses to a negative stimulus as well as patholologic conditions or states that are less specific than a disease. Pathologic functions frequently have systemic effects." (is-a BiologicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass QuantityChange "Any &%InternalChange where a &%PhysicalQuantity associated with the &%patient is altered." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Increasing "Any &%QuantityChange where the &%PhysicalQuantity is increased." (is-a QuantityChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Heating "Any &%Increasing &%Process where the &%PhysicalQuantity increased is a &%TemperatureMeasure." (is-a Increasing) (role concrete)) (defclass Accelerating "Increasing the speed with which someone or something is moving." (is-a Translocation Increasing) (role concrete)) (defclass Decreasing "Any &%QuantityChange where the &%PhysicalQuantity is decreased." (is-a QuantityChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Cooling "Any &%Decreasing &%Process where the &%PhysicalQuantity decreased is a &%TemperatureMeasure." (is-a Decreasing) (role concrete)) (defclass Damaging "The &%Class of &%Processes where the &%agent brings about a situation where the &%patient no longer functions normally or as intended." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Injuring "The process of creating a traumatic wound or injury. Since &%Injuring is not possible without some biologic function of the organism being injured, it is a subclass of &%BiologicalProcess." (is-a PathologicProcess Damaging) (role concrete)) (defclass Poisoning "A &%Poisoning is caused by an external substance. Since &%Poisoning is not possible without some biologic function which affects the &%Organism being injured, it is a subclass of &%BiologicalProcess." (is-a Injuring) (role concrete)) (defclass Destruction "The &%subclass of &%Damagings in which the &%patient (or an essential element of the &%patient) is destroyed. Note that the difference between this concept and its superclass is solely one of extent." (is-a Damaging) (role concrete)) (defclass Killing "The &%subclass of &%Destruction in which the death of an &%Organism is caused by an &%Organism. Note that in cases of suicide the &%Organism would be the same in both cases." (is-a Destruction) (role concrete)) (defclass Murder "Impermissible &%Killing of a &%Human." (is-a Killing CriminalAction) (role concrete)) (defclass Hanging "&%Killing someone by suspending him/her from a rope wound around the neck until asphyxiation occurs." (is-a Killing) (role concrete)) (defclass ChemicalProcess "A &%ChemicalProcess occurs whenever chemical compounds (&%CompoundSubstances) are formed or decomposed. For example, reactants disappear as chemical change occurs, and products appear as chemical change occurs. In a chemical change a chemical reaction takes place. Catalysts in a &%ChemicalProcess may speed up the reaction, but aren't themselves produced or consumed. Examples: rusting of iron and the decomposition of water, induced by an electric current, to gaseous hydrogen and gaseous oxygen." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass ChemicalSynthesis "The &%Class of &%ChemicalProcesses in which a &%CompoundSubstance is formed from simpler reactants." (is-a ChemicalProcess Combining) (role concrete)) (defclass ChemicalDecomposition "The &%Class of &%ChemicalProcesses in which a &%CompoundSubstance breaks down into simpler products." (is-a ChemicalProcess Separating) (role concrete)) (defclass Combustion "The &%Class of &%ChemicalProcesses in which an &%Object reacts with oxygen and gives off heat. This includes all &%Processes in which something is burning." (is-a ChemicalDecomposition) (role concrete)) (defclass Oxidation "Any &%ChemicalProcess where &%Electrons are removed from the substance undergoing the &%ChemicalProcess." (is-a ChemicalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass WeatherProcess "&%WeatherProcess is the broadest class of processes that involve weather, including weather seasons (not to be confused with instances of &%SeasonOfYear), weather systems, and short-term weather events." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Precipitation "&%Precipitation is the process of water molecules falling from the air to the ground, in either a liquid or frozen state." (is-a WeatherProcess WaterMotion Falling) (role concrete)) (defclass Raining "&%Raining is a precipitation process in which water falls in a &%Liquid state." (is-a Precipitation) (role concrete)) (defclass Snowing "&%Snowing is a precipitation process in which water falls in a &%Solid state." (is-a Precipitation) (role concrete)) (defclass WeatherFront "&%WeatherFront is the class of weather processes that are involve relationships between two air masses, such as a high pressure weather system or a low pressure system." (is-a WeatherProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass SurfaceChange "&%Processes which involve altering the properties that apply to the surface of an &%Object." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Coloring "The &%subclass of &%SurfaceChange where a &%ColorAttribute of the &%patient is altered." (is-a SurfaceChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Painting "The application of &%Paint to a &%surface. Note that this class covers both &%ArtPainting (the creation of &%PaintedPictures), as well as painting one's kitchen, for example." (is-a Covering Coloring) (role concrete)) (defclass ArtPainting "Any &%ContentDevelopment that results in a &%PaintedPicture." (is-a ContentDevelopment Painting) (role concrete)) (defclass Drawing "Any &%ContentDevelopment that results in a &%Sketch." (is-a ContentDevelopment SurfaceChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Tilling "Any &%Process of altering &%Soil in such a way as to facilitate &%Agriculture." (is-a IntentionalProcess SurfaceChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Drilling "Any &%Process of producing a &%hole in a &%SelfConnectedObject which involves rotating a long, thin bit." (is-a IntentionalProcess SurfaceChange) (role concrete)) (defclass ShapeChange "The &%Process of changing the shape of an &%Object." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Creation "The &%subclass of &%Process in which something is created. Note that the thing created is specified with the &%result &%CaseRole." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Making "The &%subclass of &%Creation in which an individual &%Artifact or a type of &%Artifact is made." (is-a Creation IntentionalProcess) (role concrete)) (defclass Constructing "The &%subclass of &%Making in which a &%StationaryArtifact is built." (is-a Making) (role concrete)) (defclass Manufacturing "The &%Making of &%Artifacts on a mass scale." (is-a Making) (role concrete)) (defclass Publication "The &%Manufacturing of &%Texts. Note that there is no implication that the &%Texts are distributed. Such distribution, when it occurs, is an instance of &%Dissemination." (is-a Manufacturing ContentDevelopment) (role concrete)) (defclass Cooking "The &%Making of an &%instance of &%Food." (is-a Making) (role concrete)) (defclass Copying "&%Making a &%copy of something." (is-a Making) (role concrete)) (defclass StateChange "Any &%Process where the &%PhysicalState of &%part of the &%patient of the &%Process changes." (is-a InternalChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Melting "The &%Class of &%Processes where an &%Object is heated and converted from a &%Solid to a &%Liquid." (is-a StateChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Boiling "The &%Class of &%Processes where an &%Object is heated and converted from a &%Liquid to a &%Gas." (is-a StateChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Condensing "The &%Class of &%Processes where an &%Object is cooled and converted from a &%Gas to a &%Liquid." (is-a StateChange) (role concrete)) (defclass Freezing "The &%Class of &%Processes where an &%Object is cooled and converted from a &%Liquid to a &%Solid." (is-a StateChange) (role concrete)) (defclass ProductiveProcess "A ProductiveProcess is an IntentionalProcess which has some output that can be measured, so that a measure of productivity (= efficiency) can be created and used. Mere recreation would not qualify. Even though the same form of recreation can be performed, for example, for different prices, the payment of money for a product or service is not considered as consumption of resources. Money is not a consumable resource for the purpose of measuring efficiency. Price and efficiency measure different concepts in this ontology." (is-a Process) (role concrete)) (defclass PhysicalEvent "A PhysicalEvent is an Event that occurs in SpaceTime, involving PhysicalObjects. It is the total collection of all changes in a physical state occurring during the operation of some PhysicalProcess." (is-a Physical) (role concrete) (multislot creates_S ;+ (comment "\"relates a physical event to an entity whose existence may be caused by the event. The entity usually comes into existence as a result of the event. The entity may be a new state, a physical embodiment of a mental entity (such as a musical composition), or a physical object. Note that this is a time-dependent relation, and therefore strictly abstract entities cannot be created, though their physical embodiments can. No creation event can be instantaneous, it must proceed over some time interval.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CommunicationEvent "A CommunicationEvent is an event in which one IntelligentAgent transmits information to another via a communications channel. The information may be of any form, speech ,music, images, etc." (is-a PhysicalEvent) (role concrete)) (defclass ConversationEvent "A CommunicationEvent in which two or more IntelligentAgents transmit information by language, which may be sign language, formal or informal. The transmission can occur at short range or over a distance by electronic communication, but must be interactive in the sense that a response can come within a few seconds, and the event includes speaking by and transmission of information between at least two participants." (is-a CommunicationEvent) (role concrete)) (defclass TelephoneConversation "A TelephoneConversation is a ConversationEvent in which voice signals are converted to transmitted as electrical signals at a point near the speaker and the electrical signals are reconverted back to voice at a point near the listener." (is-a ConversationEvent) (role concrete)) (defclass TelephoneOrder "A telephone conversation or part of a telephone conversation in which a product or service was ordered. This is a physical event with a propositional content." (is-a TelephoneConversation) (role concrete) (single-slot represents_S ;+ (comment "\"A very general semiotics &%Predicate. (&%represents ?THING ?ENTITY) means that ?THING in some way indicates, expresses, connotes, pictures, describes, etc. ?ENTITY. The &%Predicates &%containsInformation and &%realization are subrelations of &%represents. Note that &%represents is a subrelation of &%refers, since something can represent something else only if it refers to this other thing. See the documentation string for &%names.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TelephoneOrderProposition) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass WrittenCommunicationEvent "In a WrittenCommunicationEvent, one IntelligentAgent creates a written document intended to be read by another agent." (is-a CommunicationEvent) (role concrete)) (defclass Abstract "Properties or qualities as distinguished from any particular embodiment of the properties/qualities in a physical medium. Instances of Abstract can be said to exist in the same sense as mathematical objects such as sets and relations, but they cannot exist at a particular place and time without some physical encoding or embodiment." (is-a Entity) (role concrete) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Quantity "Any specification of how many or how much of something there is. Accordingly, there are two subclasses of &%Quantity: &%Number (how many) and &%PhysicalQuantity (how much)." (is-a Abstract) (role concrete) (single-slot DivisionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%DivisionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the result of dividing ?NUMBER1 by ?NUMBER2. An exception occurs when ?NUMBER1 = 1, in which case (&%DivisionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the reciprocal of ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot lessThan_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%lessThan ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is true just in case the &%Quantity ?NUMBER1 is less than the &%Quantity ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MaxFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MaxFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the largest of ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2. In cases where ?NUMBER1 is equal to ?NUMBER2, &%MaxFn returns one of its arguments.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot AdditionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%AdditionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical sum of these numbers.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot greaterThanOrEqualTo_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%greaterThanOrEqualTo ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is true just in case the &%Quantity ?NUMBER1 is greater than the &%Quantity ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ExponentiationFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ExponentiationFn ?NUMBER ?INT) returns the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER raised to the power of the &%Integer ?INT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PerCapitaFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%PerCapitaFn ?AREA ?QUANTITY) denotes the average amount of ?QUANTITY possessed by a resident of &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RemainderFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(RemainderFn ?NUMBER ?DIVISOR) is the remainder of the number ?NUMBER divided by the number ?DIVISOR. The result has the same sign as ?DIVISOR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SubtractionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%SubtractionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical difference between ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2, i.e. ?NUMBER1 minus ?NUMBER2. An exception occurs when ?NUMBER1 is equal to 0, in which case (&%SubtractionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the negation of ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MultiplicationFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%MultiplicationFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical product of these numbers.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RoundFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%RoundFn ?NUMBER) is the &%Integer closest to ?NUMBER on the number line. If ?NUMBER is halfway between two &%Integers (for example 3.5), it denotes the larger &%Integer.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot lessThanOrEqualTo_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%lessThanOrEqualTo ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is true just in case the &%Quantity ?NUMBER1 is less than or equal to the &%Quantity ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot greaterThan_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%greaterThan ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is true just in case the &%Quantity ?NUMBER1 is greater than the &%Quantity ?NUMBER2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ReciprocalFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(ReciprocalFn ?NUMBER) is the reciprocal element of ?NUMBER with respect to the multiplication operator (&%MultiplicationFn), i.e. 1/?NUMBER. Not all numbers have a reciprocal element. For example the number 0 does not. If a number ?NUMBER has a reciprocal ?RECIP, then the product of ?NUMBER and ?RECIP will be 1, e.g. 3*1/3 = 1. The reciprocal of an element is &%equal to applying the &%ExponentiationFn function to the element to the power -1.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MinFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%MinFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the smallest of ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2. In cases where ?NUMBER1 is equal to ?NUMBER2, &%MinFn returns one of its arguments.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Quantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Number "A measure of how many things there are, or how much there is, of a certain kind. &%Numbers are subclassed into &%RealNumber, &%ComplexNumber, and &%ImaginaryNumber." (is-a Quantity) (role concrete) (multislot isReferencedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isReferencedBy relates any entity to an AbstractInformationalEntity (such as an Abstract Text) that represents the entity in some way. This is the inverse of relation 'hasReferent'. Thus a physical cat may be represented by the AbstractString 'c-a-t'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractInformationalEntity AbstractNumericString) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RationalNumberFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%RationalNumberFn ?NUMBER) returns the rational representation of ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RationalNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NumericString) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RealNumberFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(RealNumberFn ?NUMBER) returns the part of ?NUMBER that is a &%RealNumber.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass RealNumber "Any &%Number that can be expressed as a (possibly infinite) decimal, i.e. any &%Number that has a position on the number line." (is-a Number) (role concrete) (single-slot SumFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(SumFn @ROW) returns the total sum of all elements in the @ROW, each of which must be a real number. This is left as a mostly primitive concept left for implementation by the computer's arithmetic processes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot LogFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(LogFn ?NUMBER ?INT) returns the logarithm of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER in the base denoted by the &%Integer ?INT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DenominatorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%DenominatorFn ?NUMBER) returns the denominator of the canonical reduced form of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot CeilingFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%CeilingFn ?NUMBER) returns the smallest &%Integer greater than or equal to the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot AbsoluteValueFn_S ;+ (comment "\"The value of (&%AbsoluteValueFn ?NUMBER) is the absolute value of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeRealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot FloorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%FloorFn ?NUMBER) returns the largest &%Integer less than or equal to the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SignumFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(SignumFn ?NUMBER) denotes the sign of ?NUMBER. This is one of the following values: -1, 1, or 0.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SquareRootFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(SquareRootFn ?NUMBER) is the principal square root of ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Number) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MeasureFn_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%BinaryFunction maps a &%RealNumber and a &%UnitOfMeasure to that &%Number of units. It is used for expressing &%ConstantQuantities. For example, the concept of three meters is represented as (&%MeasureFn 3 &%Meter).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ConstantQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot IntegerSquareRootFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%IntegerSquareRootFn ?NUMBER) returns the integer square root of ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot NumeratorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%NumeratorFn ?NUMBER) returns the numerator of the canonical reduced form ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass RationalNumber "Any &%RealNumber that is the product of dividing two &%Integers." (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass Integer "A negative or nonnegative whole number." (is-a RationalNumber) (role concrete) (single-slot LeastCommonMultipleFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%LeastCommonMultipleFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2 ... ?NUMBER) returns the least common multiple of ?NUMBER1 through ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PredecessorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Integer to its predecessor, e.g. the predecessor of 5 is 4.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SuccessorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Integer to its successor, e.g. the successor of 5 is 6.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot YearFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a number to the corresponding calendar &%Year. For example, (&%YearFn 1912) returns the &%Class containing just one instance, the year of 1912. As might be expected, positive integers return years in the Common Era, while negative integers return years in B.C.E. Note that this function returns a &%Class as a value. The reason for this is that the related functions, viz. &%MonthFn, &%DayFn, &%HourFn, &%MinuteFn, and &%SecondFn, are used to generate both specific &%TimeIntervals and recurrent intervals, and the only way to do this is to make the domains and ranges of these functions classes rather than individuals.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Year) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GreatestCommonDivisorFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%GreatestCommonDivisorFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2 ... ?NUMBER) returns the greatest common divisor of ?NUMBER1 through ?NUMBER.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass EvenInteger "An &%Integer that is evenly divisible by 2." (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass OddInteger "An &%Integer that is not evenly divisible by 2." (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass PrimeNumber "An &%Integer that is evenly divisible only by itself and 1." (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass %28CeilingFn+RealNumber%29 "\"(&%CeilingFn ?NUMBER) returns the smallest &%Integer greater than or equal to the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"" (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass %28DenominatorFn+RealNumber%29 "\"(&%DenominatorFn ?NUMBER) returns the denominator of the canonical reduced form of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"" (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass %28FloorFn+RealNumber%29 "\"(&%FloorFn ?NUMBER) returns the largest &%Integer less than or equal to the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"" (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass %28NumeratorFn+RealNumber%29 "\"(&%NumeratorFn ?NUMBER) returns the numerator of the canonical reduced form ?NUMBER.\"" (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass %28SignumFn+RealNumber%29 "\"(SignumFn ?NUMBER) denotes the sign of ?NUMBER. This is one of the following values: -1, 1, or 0.\"" (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass %28SuccessorFn+Integer%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Integer to its successor, e.g. the successor of 5 is 6.\"" (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PredecessorFn+Integer%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Integer to its predecessor, e.g. the predecessor of 5 is 4.\"" (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PopulationFn+GeopoliticalArea%29 "\"(&%PopulationFn ?AREA) denotes the &%Integer that represents the count of the number of people inhabiting the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA. The total population presents one overall measure of the potential impact of the country on the world and within its region.\"" (is-a Integer) (role concrete)) (defclass CurrencyAmount "A CurrencyAmount is a rational number that is used to specify some number of monetary units in a business transaction. This is the equivalent of UBL Amount.Content. This is rational number rather than a real number because the number of decimal digits will in general be restricted. In invoices, it is unlikely that more than 3 decimal digits will appear in a price." (is-a RationalNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28RationalNumberFn+Number%29 "\"(&%RationalNumberFn ?NUMBER) returns the rational representation of ?NUMBER.\"" (is-a RationalNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass IrrationalNumber "Any &%RealNumber that is not also a &%RationalNumber." (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass NonnegativeRealNumber "A &%RealNumber that is greater than or equal to zero." (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass PositiveRealNumber "A &%RealNumber that is greater than zero." (is-a NonnegativeRealNumber) (role concrete) (single-slot MinuteFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Hours to the &%Minutes within each &%Hour corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%MinuteFn 30 (&%HourFn 17 &%Day)) is the &%Class of all 5:30's in the afternoon. For another example, (&%MinuteFn 15 &%Hour) would return the class of all instances of quarter past the hour. For still another example, (&%MinuteFn 15 (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912))))) denotes 15 minutes after 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Minute) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot HourFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Days to the &%Hours within each &%Day corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%HourFn 12 &%Thursday) is the &%Class of all instances of noon Thursday. For another example, (&%HourFn 24 &%Day) would return the class of all instances of midnight. For still another example, (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912)))) denotes 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Hour) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SecondFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Minutes to the &%Seconds within each &%Minute corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%SecondFn 4 (&%MinuteFn 5 &%Hour)) is the &%Class of all fourth &%Seconds of every fifth &%Minute of every hour. For another example, (&%SecondFn 8 &%Minute) would return the eighth second of every minute. For still another example, (&%SecondFn 9 (&%MinuteFn 15 (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912)))))) denotes 9 seconds and 15 minutes after 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Second) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DayFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Months to the &%Days within each &%Month corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%DayFn 16 &%August) is the &%Class of all sixteenth days of August. For another example, (&%DayFn 9 &%Month) would return the class of all ninth days of any month. For still another example, (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912))) denotes the 18th day of August 1912.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents RecurringDay) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass NonnegativeInteger "An &%Integer that is greater than or equal to zero." (is-a Integer NonnegativeRealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass PositiveInteger "An &%Integer that is greater than zero." (is-a NonnegativeInteger PositiveRealNumber) (role concrete) (single-slot postalBoxNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%postalBoxNumber ?NUMBER ?ADDRESS) means that the post office box ?NUMBER is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot postalCode_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%postalCode ?NUMBER ?ADDRESS) means that the the postal code, e.g. zip code, ?NUMBER is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %28ListLengthFn+List%29 "\"A &%Function that takes a &%List as its sole argument and returns the number of items in the &%List. For example, (&%ListLengthFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value 3.\"" (is-a NonnegativeInteger) (role concrete)) (defclass %28IntegerSquareRootFn+RealNumber%29 "\"(&%IntegerSquareRootFn ?NUMBER) returns the integer square root of ?NUMBER.\"" (is-a NonnegativeInteger) (role concrete)) (defclass %28AbsoluteValueFn+RealNumber%29 "\"The value of (&%AbsoluteValueFn ?NUMBER) is the absolute value of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER.\"" (is-a NonnegativeRealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass NegativeRealNumber "A &%RealNumber that is less than zero." (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass NegativeInteger "An &%Integer that is less than zero." (is-a Integer NegativeRealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass BinaryNumber "Elements from the number system with base 2. Every &%BinaryNumber is expressed as a sequence of the digits 1 and 0." (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ProbabilityFn+Formula%29 "\"One of the basic &%ProbabilityRelations, &%ProbabilityFn is used to state the a priori probability of a state of affairs. (&%ProbabilityFn ?FORMULA) denotes the a priori probability of ?FORMULA.\"" (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28CosineFn+PlaneAngleMeasure%29 "\"(&%CosineFn ?DEGREE) returns the cosine of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The cosine of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side next to ?DEGREE to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.\"" (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28LogFn+RealNumber+PositiveInteger+%29 "\"(LogFn ?NUMBER ?INT) returns the logarithm of the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER in the base denoted by the &%Integer ?INT.\"" (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28RealNumberFn+Number%29 "\"(RealNumberFn ?NUMBER) returns the part of ?NUMBER that is a &%RealNumber.\"" (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28SineFn+PlaneAngleMeasure%29 "\"(&%SineFn ?DEGREE) is the sine of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The sine of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side opposite ?DEGREE to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.\"" (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28TangentFn+PlaneAngleMeasure%29 "\"(&%TangentFn ?DEGREE) is the tangent of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The tangent of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side opposite ?DEGREE to the side next to ?DEGREE in a right-angled triangle.\"" (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PathWeightFn+GraphPath%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the sum of the &%arcWeights on the &%GraphArcs in the &%GraphPath.\"" (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MagnitudeFn+ConstantQuantity%29 "\"The magnitude of a &%ConstantQuantity is the numeric value for the quantity. In other words, &%MagnitudeFn converts a &%ConstantQuantity with an associated &%UnitOfMeasure into an ordinary &%RealNumber. For example, the magnitude of the &%ConstantQuantity 2 &%Kilometers is the &%RealNumber 2. Note that the magnitude of a quantity in a given unit times that unit is equal to the original quantity.\"" (is-a RealNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass ImaginaryNumber "Any &%Number that is the result of multiplying a &%RealNumber by the square root of -1." (is-a Number) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ImaginaryPartFn+ComplexNumber%29 "\"(&%ImaginaryPartFn ?NUMBER) returns the part of ?NUMBER that has the square root of -1 as its factor.\"" (is-a ImaginaryNumber) (role concrete)) (defclass ComplexNumber "A &%Number that has the form: x + yi, where x and y are &%RealNumbers and i is the square root of -1." (is-a Number) (role concrete) (single-slot ImaginaryPartFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ImaginaryPartFn ?NUMBER) returns the part of ?NUMBER that has the square root of -1 as its factor.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ImaginaryNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %28SquareRootFn+RealNumber%29 "\"(SquareRootFn ?NUMBER) is the principal square root of ?NUMBER.\"" (is-a Number) (role concrete)) (defclass %28CardinalityFn+%28UnionFn+SetOrClass+Collection%29%29 "\"(CardinalityFn ?CLASS) returns the number of instances in the &%SetOrClass or &%Collection ?CLASS.\"" (is-a Number) (role concrete)) (defclass PhysicalQuantity "&%A PhysicalQuantity is a measure of some quantifiable aspect of the modeled world, such as 'the earth's diameter' (a constant length) and 'the stress in a loaded deformable solid' (a measure of stress, which is a function of three spatial coordinates). All &%PhysicalQuantities are either &%ConstantQuantities or &%FunctionQuantities. Instances of &%ConstantQuantity are dependent on a &%UnitOfMeasure, while instances of &%FunctionQuantity are &%Functions that map instances of &%ConstantQuantity to other instances of &%ConstantQuantity (e.g., &%TimeDependentQuantities are &%FunctionQuantities). Although the name and definition of &%PhysicalQuantity is borrowed from physics, &%PhysicalQuantities need not be material. Aside from the dimensions of length, time, velocity, etc., nonphysical dimensions such as currency are also possible. Accordingly, amounts of money would be instances of &%PhysicalQuantity. &%PhysicalQuantities are distinguished from &%Numbers by the fact that the former are associated with a dimension of measurement." (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass ConstantQuantity "A &%ConstantQuantity is a &%PhysicalQuantity which has a constant value, e.g. 3 meters and 5 hours. The magnitude (see &%MagnitudeFn) of every &%ConstantQuantity is a &%RealNumber. &%ConstantQuantities are distinguished from &%FunctionQuantities, which map &%ConstantQuantities to other &%ConstantQuantities. All &%ConstantQuantites are expressed with the &%BinaryFunction &%MeasureFn, which takes a &%Number and a &%UnitOfMeasure as arguments. For example, 3 &%Meters can be expressed as (&%MeasureFn 3 &%Meter). &%ConstantQuantities form a partial order (see &%PartialOrderingRelation) with the &%lessThan relation, since &%lessThan is a &%RelationExtendedToQuantities and &%lessThan is defined over the &%RealNumbers. The &%lessThan relation is not a total order (see &%TotalOrderingRelation) over the class &%ConstantQuantity since elements of some subclasses of &%ConstantQuantity (such as length quantities) are incomparable to elements of other subclasses of &%ConstantQuantity (such as mass quantities)." (is-a PhysicalQuantity) (role concrete) (single-slot MagnitudeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"The magnitude of a &%ConstantQuantity is the numeric value for the quantity. In other words, &%MagnitudeFn converts a &%ConstantQuantity with an associated &%UnitOfMeasure into an ordinary &%RealNumber. For example, the magnitude of the &%ConstantQuantity 2 &%Kilometers is the &%RealNumber 2. Note that the magnitude of a quantity in a given unit times that unit is equal to the original quantity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PerFn_S ;+ (comment "\"&%PerFn maps two instances of &%ConstantQuantity to the &%FunctionQuantity composed of these two instances. For example, (&%PerFn (&%MeasureFn 2 (&%MicroFn &%Gram)) (&%MeasureFn 1 (&%KiloFn &%Gram))) denotes the &%FunctionQuantity of 2 micrograms per kiogram. This function is useful, because it allows the knowledge engineer to dynamically generate instances of &%FunctionQuantity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FunctionQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot IntervalFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%ConstantQuantities to the &%Class of &%ConstantQuantities that comprise the interval from the first &%ConstantQuantity to the second &%ConstantQuantity. For example, (&%IntervalFn (&%MeasureFn 8 &%Meter) (&%MeasureFn 14 &%Meter)) would return the &%Class of &%ConstantQuantities between 8 and 14 meters in length.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents ConstantQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass TimeMeasure "The class of temporal durations (instances of &%TimeDuration) and positions of &%TimePoints and &%TimeIntervals along the universal timeline (instances of &%TimePosition)." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass TimeDuration "Any measure of length of time, with or without respect to the universal timeline." (is-a TimeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass SecondDuration "SI &%TimeDuration. Symbol: s. It is one of the base units in SI, and it is currently defined as follows: the &%SecondDuration is the duration of 9192631770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the cesium 133 atom." (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass DayDuration "Time unit. 1 day = 24 hours." (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass HourDuration "Time unit. 1 hour = 60 minutes." (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass MinuteDuration "Time unit. 1 minute = 60 seconds. " (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass WeekDuration "Time unit. A week's duration is seven days." (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass MonthDuration "Time unit. one calendar month. 1 month varies from 28 to 31 days." (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass YearDuration "Time unit. one calendar year. 1 year = 365 days = 31536000 seconds." (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass Century "The &%TimeDuration of 100 years." (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass Decade "The &%TimeDuration of 10 years." (is-a TimeDuration) (role concrete)) (defclass LengthMeasure "The &%Class of &%ConstantQuantities relating to length." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete) (single-slot SpeedFn_S ;+ (comment "\"Maps an instance of &%LengthMeasure and an instance of &%TimeDuration to the speed represented by this proportion of distance and time. For example, (&%SpeedFn (&%MeasureFn 55 &%Mile)(&%MeasureFn 1 &%HourDuration)) represents the velocity of 55 miles per hour.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FunctionQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot VelocityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"Specifies the velocity of an object, i.e. the speed and the direction of the speed. For example (&%VelocityFn (&%MeasureFn 55 &%Mile) (&%MeasureFn 2 &%HourDuration) ?REFERENCE &%North) denotes the velocity of 55 miles per hour North of the given reference point ?REFERENCE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FunctionQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Meter "SI &%LengthMeasure. Symbol: m. It is one of the base units in SI, and it is currently defined as follows: the &%Meter is the length of the path traveled by light in a vacuum during a time interval of 1/299792458 of a &%SecondDuration." (is-a LengthMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Centimeter "Submultiple of &%Meter. Symbol: cm. It is the 100th part of a &%Meter" (is-a LengthMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Angstrom "The &%Angstrom is a &%LengthMeasure. 1 &%Angstrom = 10^(-10) m" (is-a LengthMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass FootLength "English length unit of feet." (is-a LengthMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Inch "English length unit of inches." (is-a LengthMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Mile "English length unit of miles." (is-a LengthMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass YardLength "English unit of length, equal to 3 &%FeetLength." (is-a LengthMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass MassMeasure "The &%Class of &%ConstantQuantities relating to the amount of matter in an &%Object." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete) (single-slot DensityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"&%DensityFn maps an instance of &%MassMeasure and an instance of &%VolumeMeasure to the density represented by this proportion of mass and volume. For example, (&%DensityFn (&%MeasureFn 3 &%Gram) (&%MeasureFn 1 &%Liter)) represents the density of 3 grams per liter.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FunctionQuantity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Gram "Submultiple of kilogram. Symbol: g. 1 kilogram = 1000 &%Grams." (is-a MassMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Mole "SI amount of substance unit. symbol: mol. It is one of the base units in SI. It is defined as follows: the &%Mole is the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 &%Kilograms of carbon 12. Note that, when this &%UnitOfMeasure is used, the elementary entities must be specified - they may be atoms, molecules, ions, electrons, etc. or groups of such particles." (is-a MassMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Amu "Atomic mass unit. Symbol: u. It is the mass of the twelfth part of an atom of the Carbon 12 isotope." (is-a MassMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass AtomGram "&%MassMeasure that is also known as the gram-atom. Defined as the mass in grams of 1 &%Mole of pure substance. For example, 1 &%AtomGram of Carbon 12 will be 12 &%Grams of pure Carbon 12. 2 &%AtomGrams of the same substance will be 24 &%Grams of it. This is an unusual unit in that it is essentially 1 &%Mole of 'stuff' measured in grams, so that the actual value (i.e. mass) depends on the type of substance." (is-a MassMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass PoundMass "English mass unit of pounds." (is-a MassMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Slug "English mass unit of slugs." (is-a MassMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass TonMass "English mass unit that is equal to 2000 pounds." (is-a MassMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass AreaMeasure "Measures of the amount of space in two dimensions." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Acre "A &%UnitOfMeasure equal to 4840 square yards." (is-a AreaMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass SquareMeter "&%SquareMeter represents a &%UnitOfMeasure equal to one square &%Meter." (is-a AreaMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass VolumeMeasure "Measures of the amount of space in three dimensions." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Liter "Unit of volume in the metric system. It is currently defined to be equal to one cubic decimeter (0.001 cubic meter). Symbol: l." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass UnitedStatesGallon "Unit of volume commonly used in the United States." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Quart "English unit of volume equal to 1/4 of a &%UnitedStatesGallon." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Pint "English unit of volume equal to 1/2 of a &%Quart." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass CupMeasure "English unit of volume equal to 1/2 of a &%Pint." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Ounce "English unit of volume equal to 1/8 of a &%Cup." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass UnitedKingdomGallon "Unit of volume commonly used in the United Kingdom." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass LiquorShot "A &%UnitOfMeasure used in preparing &%AlcoholicBeverages." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass CubicFoot "&%CubicFoot is a unit for measuring volume, equal to a volume of one foot length in each dimension of length, width, and height." (is-a VolumeMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass TemperatureMeasure "Measures of temperature. In scientific circles, the temperature of something is understood as the average velocity of the atoms or molecules that make up the thing." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass KelvinDegree "SI &%TemperatureMeasure. Symbol: K. It is one of the base units in SI (it is also a unit in the ITS system). Kelvin differs from the Celsius scale in that the triple point of water is defined to be 273.16 &%KelvinDegrees while it is 0 &%CelsiusDegrees. The magnitudes of intervals in the two scales are the same. By definition the conversion constant is 273.15." (is-a TemperatureMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass CelsiusDegree "A &%TemperatureMeasure. The freezing point and the boiling point of water are, respectively, 0 &%CelsiusDegrees and 100 &%CelsiusDegrees." (is-a TemperatureMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass RankineDegree "A &%TemperatureMeasure. Note that 0 &%RankineDegrees is the same as the absolute zero (i.e. 0 &%KelvinDegrees)." (is-a TemperatureMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass FahrenheitDegree "A &%TemperatureMeasure that is commonly used in the United States. On the Fahrenheit scale, the freezing point of water is 32 &%FahrenheitDegrees, and the boiling point of water is 212 &%FahrenheitDegrees." (is-a TemperatureMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass CurrencyMeasure "Includes all standard measures of monetary value, including &%UnitedStatesDollar, &%UnitedStatesCent, Lire, Yen, etc." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass UnitedStatesDollar "A currency measure." (is-a CurrencyMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass BritishPound "A currency measure, standard in the UK." (is-a CurrencyMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass UnitedStatesCent "A currency measure. 1 &%UnitedStatesCent is equal to .01 &%UnitedStatesDollars." (is-a CurrencyMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass EuroDollar "A currency measure of most European Union countries. It is based on the &%UnitedStatesDollar." (is-a CurrencyMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass EuroCent "A currency measure. 1 &%EuroCent is equal to .01 &%EuroDollars." (is-a CurrencyMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Share "A &%UnitOfMeasure representing one unit of ownership in a corporation, &%MutualFund, or limited partnership." (is-a CurrencyMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass UBLCurrencyMeasure "UBLCurrencyMeasure is a class added to correspond to UBL 'Amount.Type'. This is represented as a subclass of SUMO CurrencyMeasure because according to the UBL specification, the unit of currency may only be implied rather than explicitly represented in the physical embodiments of this abstract concept. The 'Content' (quantifier) of this UBL concept is a rational number rather than a real number because the number of decimal digits will in general be restricted. In invoices, it is unlikely that more than 3 decimal digits will appear in a price. UBL: A number of monetary units specified in a currency where the unit of currency is explicit or implied." (is-a CurrencyMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28WealthFn+Agent%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Agent to a &%CurrencyMeasure specifying the value of the property owned by the &%Agent. Note that this &%Function is generally used in conjunction with the &%Function &%PropertyFn, e.g. (&%WealthFn (&%PropertyFn BillGates)) would return the monetary value of the sum of Bill Gates' holdings.\"" (is-a CurrencyMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass AngleMeasure "The value of an angle in a plane or in a solid." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass PlaneAngleMeasure "The value of an angle in a plane." (is-a AngleMeasure) (role concrete) (single-slot CosineFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%CosineFn ?DEGREE) returns the cosine of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The cosine of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side next to ?DEGREE to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SineFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%SineFn ?DEGREE) is the sine of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The sine of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side opposite ?DEGREE to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TangentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%TangentFn ?DEGREE) is the tangent of the &%PlaneAngleMeasure ?DEGREE. The tangent of ?DEGREE is the ratio of the side opposite ?DEGREE to the side next to ?DEGREE in a right-angled triangle.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Radian "SI plane angle measure. Symbol: rad. It is the angle of a circle subtended by an arc equal in length to the circle's radius. Another definition is: the plane angle between two radii of a circle which cut off on the circumference an arc equal in length to the radius. &%Radian = m/m = 1." (is-a PlaneAngleMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass AngularDegree "A plane angle measure." (is-a PlaneAngleMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass SolidAngleMeasure "The value of an angle in a solid." (is-a AngleMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Steradian "SI solid angle measure. Symbol: sr. It is the solid angle of a sphere subtended by a portion of the surface whose area is equal to the square of the sphere's radius. Another definition is: the solid angle which, having its vertex in the center of the sphere, cuts off an area of the surface of the sphere equal to that of a square with sides of length equal to the radius of the sphere. &%Steradian = m^2/m^2 = 1." (is-a SolidAngleMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass InformationMeasure "Measures of the amount of information. Includes &%Bit, &%Byte, and multiples of these, e.g. &%KiloByte and &%MegaByte." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Bit "One &%Bit of information. A one or a zero." (is-a InformationMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Byte "One &%Byte of information. A &%Byte is eight &%Bits." (is-a InformationMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass KiloByte "One &%KiloByte (KB) of information. One &%KiloByte is 1024 &%Bytes. Note that this sense of 'kilo' is different from the one accepted in the SI system." (is-a InformationMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass MegaByte "One &%MegaByte (MB) of information. One &%MegaByte is 1024 &%KiloBytes. Note that this sense of 'mega' is different from the one accepted in the SI system." (is-a InformationMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass Page "A single page of &%Text." (is-a InformationMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass PressureMeasure "&%PressureMeasure is the class of &%UnitsOfMeasure used to measure pressure (&%barometricPressure), e.g., &%InchMercury." (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass InchMercury "&%InchMercury is a &%UnitOfMeasure for &%barometricPressure. It is used to express the number of inches of mercury supported in a mercurial barometer by the surrounding air pressure." (is-a PressureMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass MmMercury "&%MmMercury is a &%UnitOfMeasure for &%barometricPressure. It is used to express the number of millimeters of mercury supported in a mercurial barometer by the surrounding air pressure." (is-a PressureMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MeasureFn+RealNumber+UnitOfMeasure+%29 "\"This &%BinaryFunction maps a &%RealNumber and a &%UnitOfMeasure to that &%Number of units. It is used for expressing &%ConstantQuantities. For example, the concept of three meters is represented as (&%MeasureFn 3 &%Meter).\"" (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28IntervalFn+ConstantQuantity+ConstantQuantity+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%ConstantQuantities to the &%Class of &%ConstantQuantities that comprise the interval from the first &%ConstantQuantity to the second &%ConstantQuantity. For example, (&%IntervalFn (&%MeasureFn 8 &%Meter) (&%MeasureFn 14 &%Meter)) would return the &%Class of &%ConstantQuantities between 8 and 14 meters in length.\"" (is-a ConstantQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass FunctionQuantity "A &%FunctionQuantity is a &%Function that maps from one or more instances of &%ConstantQuantity to another instance of &%ConstantQuantity. For example, the velocity of a particle would be represented by a &%FunctionQuantity mapping values of time (which are &%ConstantQuantities) to values of distance (also &%ConstantQuantities). Note that all instances of &%FunctionQuantity are &%Functions with a fixed arity. Note too that all elements of the range of a &%FunctionQuantity have the same physical dimension as the &%FunctionQuantity itself." (is-a PhysicalQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Ampere "SI electric current measure. Symbol: A. It is one of the base units in SI. It is defined as follows: the &%Ampere is that constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 &%Meter apart in a vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2*10^(-7) &%Newton per &%Meter of length." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Candela "SI luminosity intensity measure. Symbol: cd. It is one of the base units in SI, and it is currently defined as follows: the &%Candela is the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540*10^12 &%Hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 &%Watt per &%Steradian." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Newton "SI force measure. Symbol: N. It is that force which gives to a mass of 1 kilogram an acceleration of 1 &%Meter per &%SecondDuration. &%Newton = m*kg*s^(-2)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Pascal "SI pressure measure. Symbol:Pa. It is the pressure of one &%Newton per square &%Meter. &%Pascal = N/m^2 = m^(-1)*kg*s^(-2)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Joule "SI energy measure. Symbol: J. It is the work done when the point of application of 1 &%Newton is displaced a distance of 1 &%Meter in the direction of the force. &%Joule = N*m = m^2*kg*s^(-2)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Watt "SI power measure. Symbol: W. A &%UnitOfMeasure that measures power, i.e. energy produced or expended divided by &%TimeDuration. It is the power which gives rise to the production of energy (or work) at the rate of one &%Joule per &%SecondDuration. &%Watt = J/s = m^2*kg*s^(-3)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Kilowatt "power measure equal to 1000 Watts." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Volt "SI electric potential measure. Symbol: V. It is the difference of electric potential between two points of a conducting wire carrying a constant current of 1 &%Ampere, when the power dissipated between these points is equal to 1 &%Watt. &%Volt = W/A = m^2*kg*s^(-3)*A^(-1)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Farad "SI capacitance measure. Symbol: F. It is the capacitance of a capacitator between the plates of which there appears a difference of potential of 1 &%Volt when it is charged by a quantity of electricity equal to 1 Coulomb. &%Farad = C/V = m^(-2)*kg(-1)*s^4*A^2." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Ohm "SI electric resistance measure. It is the electric resistance between two points of a conductor when a constant difference of potential of 1 &%Volt, applied between these two points, produces in this conductor a current of 1 &%Ampere, this conductor not being the force of any electromotive force. &%Ohm = V/A = m^2*kg*s^(-3)*A^(-2)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Siemens "SI electric conductance measure. Symbol: S. In the case of direct current, the conductance in &%Siemens is the reciprocal of the resistance in &%Ohms; in the case of alternating current, it is the reciprocal of the impedance in ohms. siemens = A/V = m^(-2)*kg(-1)*s^(3)*A^2." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Weber "SI magnetic flux measure. Symbol: Wb. It is the magnetic flux which, linking a circuit of one turn, produces in it an electromotive force of 1 &%Volt as it is reduced to zero at a uniform rate in 1 &%SecondDuration. &%Weber = V*s = m^2*kg*s^(-2)*A^(-1)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Tesla "SI magnetic flux density measure. Symbol: T. One &%Tesla equals one &%Weber per square &%Meter. &%Tesla = Wb/m^2 = kg*s^(-2)*A^(-1)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Henry "SI inductance measure. Symbol: H. One &%Henry is equivalent to one &%Volt divided by one &%Ampere per &%SecondDuration. If a current changing at the rate of one &%Ampere per &%SecondDuration induces an electromotive force of one &%Volt, the circuit has an inductance of one &%Henry. &%Henry = Wb/A = m^2*kg*s^(-2)*A^(-2)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Lumen "SI luminous flux measure. Symbol: lm. It is the amount streaming outward through one solid angle of 1 &%Steradian from a uniform point source having an intensity of one &%Candela. &%Lumen = cd*sr = cd * 1." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Lux "SI illuminance measure. Symbol: lx. It is the amount of illumination provided when one &%Lumen is evenly distributed over an area of 1 square &%Meter. This is also equivalent to the illumination that would exist on a surface all points of which are one &%Meter from a point source of one &%Candela. &%Lux = lm/m^2 = m^(-2)*cd." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Gray "SI absorbed dose measure. Symbol: Gy. It measures the dose of radiation absorbed in living tissue. It is equal approximately to the absorbed dose delivered when the energy per unit mass imparted to matter by ionizing radiation is 1 &%Joule per kilogram. &%Gray = J/kg = m^2*s^(-2)." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Sievert "SI dose equivalent measure. Symbol: Sv. It is a unit of biologic dose of ionizing radiation. The &%Sievert makes it possible to normalize doses of different types of radiation. It takes into account the relative biologic effectiveness of ionizing radiation, since each form of such radiation--e.g., X rays, gamma rays, neutrons-- has a slightly different effect on living tissue for a given absorbed dose. The dose equivalent of a given type of radiation (in &%Sievert) is the dose of the radiation in &%Gray multiplied by a quality factor that is based on the relative biologic effectiveness of the radiation. Accordingly, one &%Sievert is generally defined as the amount of radiation roughly equivalent in biologic effectiveness to one &%Gray of gamma radiation. &%Sievert = J/kg = m^2*s^(-2)" (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass ElectronVolt "The &%ElectronVolt is an energy measure. Symbol: eV. It is the kinetic energy acquired by an electron in passing through a potential difference of 1 &%Volt in a vacuum." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass PoundForce "English pound of force. The conversion factor depends on the local value of the acceleration of free fall. A mean value is used in the conversion axiom associated with this constant." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Calorie "A &%Calorie is an energy measure." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass BritishThermalUnit "An energy measure." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass KilowattHour "&%KilowattHour is a &%UnitOfMeasure for energy that represents 1000 &%Watts (1 kW) of power expended over one hour (1 h) of time. This is the unit commonly used in commercial power contexts. It is equivalent to 3,600,000 &%Joules." (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PerFn+ConstantQuantity+ConstantQuantity+%29 "\"&%PerFn maps two instances of &%ConstantQuantity to the &%FunctionQuantity composed of these two instances. For example, (&%PerFn (&%MeasureFn 2 (&%MicroFn &%Gram)) (&%MeasureFn 1 (&%KiloFn &%Gram))) denotes the &%FunctionQuantity of 2 micrograms per kiogram. This function is useful, because it allows the knowledge engineer to dynamically generate instances of &%FunctionQuantity.\"" (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28DensityFn+MassMeasure+VolumeMeasure+%29 "\"&%DensityFn maps an instance of &%MassMeasure and an instance of &%VolumeMeasure to the density represented by this proportion of mass and volume. For example, (&%DensityFn (&%MeasureFn 3 &%Gram) (&%MeasureFn 1 &%Liter)) represents the density of 3 grams per liter.\"" (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28SpeedFn+LengthMeasure+TimeDuration+%29 "\"Maps an instance of &%LengthMeasure and an instance of &%TimeDuration to the speed represented by this proportion of distance and time. For example, (&%SpeedFn (&%MeasureFn 55 &%Mile)(&%MeasureFn 1 &%HourDuration)) represents the velocity of 55 miles per hour.\"" (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28VelocityFn+LengthMeasure+TimeDuration+Region+DirectionalAttribute%29 "\"Specifies the velocity of an object, i.e. the speed and the direction of the speed. For example (&%VelocityFn (&%MeasureFn 55 &%Mile) (&%MeasureFn 2 &%HourDuration) ?REFERENCE &%North) denotes the velocity of 55 miles per hour North of the given reference point ?REFERENCE.\"" (is-a FunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass UnitOfMeasure "A standard of measurement for some dimension. For example, the &%Meter is a &%UnitOfMeasure for the dimension of length, as is the &%Inch. There is no intrinsic property of a &%UnitOfMeasure that makes it primitive or fundamental; rather, a system of units (e.g. &%SystemeInternationalUnit) defines a set of orthogonal dimensions and assigns units for each." (is-a PhysicalQuantity) (role concrete) (single-slot MegaFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MegaFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000 &%Hertz.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GigaFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%GigaFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000,000 &%Hertz.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MicroFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MicroFn &%Meter) is .000001 &%Meters.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TeraFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%TeraFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000,000,000 &%Hertz.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot NanoFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MicroFn &%SecondDuration) is .000000001 &%SecondDurations.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot KiloFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%KiloFn &%Gram) is 1,000 &%Grams.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MilliFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MilliFn &%Ampere) is .001 &%Amperes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PicoFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000000000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%PicoFn &%Ampere) is .000000000001 &%Amperes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass SystemeInternationalUnit "The &%Class of Systeme International (SI) units." (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass UnitOfCurrency "A UnitOfCurrency is the specific unit in which amounts of currency are measured." (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28KiloFn+UnitOfMeasure%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%KiloFn &%Gram) is 1,000 &%Grams.\"" (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MegaFn+UnitOfMeasure%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MegaFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000 &%Hertz.\"" (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28GigaFn+UnitOfMeasure%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%GigaFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000,000 &%Hertz.\"" (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28TeraFn+UnitOfMeasure%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to 1,000,000,000,000 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%TeraFn &%Hertz) is 1,000,000,000,000 &%Hertz.\"" (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MilliFn+UnitOfMeasure%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MilliFn &%Ampere) is .001 &%Amperes.\"" (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MicroFn+UnitOfMeasure%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MicroFn &%Meter) is .000001 &%Meters.\"" (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28NanoFn+UnitOfMeasure%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%MicroFn &%SecondDuration) is .000000001 &%SecondDurations.\"" (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PicoFn+UnitOfMeasure%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%UnitOfMeasure into a &%UnitOfMeasure that is equal to .000000000001 units of the original &%UnitOfMeasure. For example, (&%PicoFn &%Ampere) is .000000000001 &%Amperes.\"" (is-a UnitOfMeasure) (role concrete)) (defclass FiniteQuantity "Any &%Quantity that is limited or bounded in magnitude." (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass InfiniteQuantity "Any &%Quantity that is not limited or bounded in magnitude." (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MultiplicationFn+Quantity+Quantity+%29 "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%MultiplicationFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical product of these numbers.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28AdditionFn+Quantity+Quantity+%29 "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%AdditionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical sum of these numbers.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28SubtractionFn+Quantity+Quantity+%29 "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%SubtractionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the arithmetical difference between ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2, i.e. ?NUMBER1 minus ?NUMBER2. An exception occurs when ?NUMBER1 is equal to 0, in which case (&%SubtractionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the negation of ?NUMBER2.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28DivisionFn+Quantity+Quantity+%29 "\"If ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 are &%Numbers, then (&%DivisionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the result of dividing ?NUMBER1 by ?NUMBER2. An exception occurs when ?NUMBER1 = 1, in which case (&%DivisionFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the reciprocal of ?NUMBER2.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ExponentiationFn+Quantity+Integer+%29 "\"(&%ExponentiationFn ?NUMBER ?INT) returns the &%RealNumber ?NUMBER raised to the power of the &%Integer ?INT.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MaxFn+Quantity+Quantity+%29 "\"(&%MaxFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the largest of ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2. In cases where ?NUMBER1 is equal to ?NUMBER2, &%MaxFn returns one of its arguments.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MinFn+Quantity+Quantity+%29 "\"(&%MinFn ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2) is the smallest of ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2. In cases where ?NUMBER1 is equal to ?NUMBER2, &%MinFn returns one of its arguments.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ReciprocalFn+Quantity%29 "\"(ReciprocalFn ?NUMBER) is the reciprocal element of ?NUMBER with respect to the multiplication operator (&%MultiplicationFn), i.e. 1/?NUMBER. Not all numbers have a reciprocal element. For example the number 0 does not. If a number ?NUMBER has a reciprocal ?RECIP, then the product of ?NUMBER and ?RECIP will be 1, e.g. 3*1/3 = 1. The reciprocal of an element is &%equal to applying the &%ExponentiationFn function to the element to the power -1.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28RemainderFn+Quantity+Quantity+%29 "\"(RemainderFn ?NUMBER ?DIVISOR) is the remainder of the number ?NUMBER divided by the number ?DIVISOR. The result has the same sign as ?DIVISOR.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28RoundFn+Quantity%29 "\"(&%RoundFn ?NUMBER) is the &%Integer closest to ?NUMBER on the number line. If ?NUMBER is halfway between two &%Integers (for example 3.5), it denotes the larger &%Integer.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PerCapitaFn+Quantity+GeopoliticalArea+%29 "\"(&%PerCapitaFn ?AREA ?QUANTITY) denotes the average amount of ?QUANTITY possessed by a resident of &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"" (is-a Quantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Attribute "Qualities which we cannot or choose not to reify into subclasses of &%Object." (is-a Abstract) (role concrete) (single-slot ExtensionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Attribute into the &%Class whose condition for membership is the &%Attribute.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Class) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot successorAttributeClosure_S ;+ (comment "\"The transitive closure of &%successorAttribute. (&%successorAttributeClosure ?ATTR1 ?ATTR2) means that there is a chain of &%successorAttribute assertions connecting ?ATTR1 and ?ATTR2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot successorAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%successorAttribute ?ATTR1 ?ATTR2) means that ?ATTR2 is the &%Attribute that comes immediately after ?ATTR1 on the scale that they share.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot exhaustiveAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"This predicate relates a &%Class to a set of &%Attributes, and it means that the elements of this set exhaust the instances of the &%Class. For example, (&%exhaustiveAttribute &%PhysicalState &%Solid &%Liquid &%Gas) means that there are only three instances of the class &%PhysicalState, viz. &%Solid, &%Liquid, and &%Gas.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"Means that the second argument can be ascribed to everything which has the first argument ascribed to it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot contraryAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%contraryAttribute is a set of &%Attributes such that something can not simultaneously have more than one of these &%Attributes. For example, (&%contraryAttribute &%Pliable &%Rigid) means that nothing can be both &%Pliable and &%Rigid.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow Attribute) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass InternalAttribute "Any &%Attribute of an &%Entity that is an internal property of the &%Entity, e.g. its shape, its color, its fragility, etc." (is-a Attribute) (role concrete)) (defclass PhysicalState "The physical state of an &%Object. There are three reified instances of this &%Class: &%Solid, &%Liquid, and &%Gas. Physical changes are not characterized by the transformation of one substance into another, but rather by the change of the form (physical states) of a given substance. For example, melting an iron nail yields a substance still called iron." (is-a InternalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass PerceptualAttribute "Any &%Attribute whose presence is detected by an act of &%Perception." (is-a InternalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass TasteAttribute "The &%Class of &%Attributes relating to the taste of &%Objects." (is-a PerceptualAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass OlfactoryAttribute "The &%Class of properties that are detectable by smell." (is-a PerceptualAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass VisualAttribute "The &%Class of visually discernible properties." (is-a PerceptualAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass ColorAttribute "The &%Class of &%VisualAttributes relating to the color of &%Objects." (is-a VisualAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass PrimaryColor "Colors which can be blended to form any color and which cannot be derived from any other colors." (is-a ColorAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass SecondaryColor "A color that is the product of mixing together two or more &%PrimaryColors." (is-a ColorAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass SoundAttribute "Any &%Attribute that characterizes the sound made by an &%Object." (is-a PerceptualAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass ShapeAttribute "Any &%Attribute that relates to the shape of an &%Object." (is-a InternalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass TextureAttribute "Any &%Attribute that characterizes the texture of an &%Object. Note that a &%TextureAttribute always applies to the surface of an object whenever it applies to the object itself." (is-a PerceptualAttribute ShapeAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass GeometricFigure "The class of all geometric figures, i.e. the class of all abstract, spatial representations. The instances of this class are &%GeometricPoints, &%TwoDimensionalFigures or &%ThreeDimensionalFigures." (is-a ShapeAttribute) (role concrete) (multislot geometricPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%geometricPart ?PART ?WHOLE) means that the &%GeometricFigure ?PART is part of the &%GeometricFigure ?WHOLE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricFigure) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ThreeDimensionalFigure "The class of &%GeometricFigures that have position and an extension along three dimensions, viz. geometric solids like polyhedrons and cylinders." (is-a GeometricFigure) (role concrete)) (defclass GeometricPoint "The class of zero-dimensional &%GeometricFigures, i.e. the class of &%GeometricFigures that have position but lack extension in any dimension." (is-a GeometricFigure) (role concrete) (single-slot geometricDistance_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%geometricDistance ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?LENGTH) means that ?LENGTH is the distance between the two &%GeometricPoints ?POINT1 and ?POINT2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot pointOfFigure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%pointOfFigure ?POINT ?FIGURE) means that the &%GeometricPoint ?POINT is part of the &%GeometricFigure ?FIGURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricFigure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass OneDimensionalFigure "The class of &%GeometricFigures that have position and an extension along a single dimension, viz. straight lines." (is-a GeometricFigure) (role concrete) (multislot tangent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%tangent ?LINE ?CIRCLE) means that the straight line ?LINE is tangent to the &%Circle ?CIRCLE, i.e. ?LINE touches ?CIRCLE without intersecting it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Circle) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot sideOfFigure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%sideOfFigure ?SIDE ?FIGURE) means that the &%OneDimensionalFigure ?POINT is a side of the &%GeometricFigure ?FIGURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricFigure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot pointOfIntersection_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%pointOfIntersection ?FIGURE1 ?FIGURE2 ?POINT) means that the two straight lines ?FIGURE1 and ?FIGURE2 meet at the point ?POINT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricPoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot lineMeasure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%lineMeasure ?LINE ?MEASURE) means that the straight line ?LINE has the &%LengthMeasure of ?MEASURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot parallel_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%parallel ?LINE1 ?LINE2) means that the &%OneDimensionalFigures ?LINE1 and ?LINE2 are parallel to one another, i.e. they are equidistant from one another at every point.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes OneDimensionalFigure) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass TwoDimensionalFigure "The class of &%GeometricFigures that have position and an extension along two dimensions, viz. plane figures like circles and polygons." (is-a GeometricFigure) (role concrete)) (defclass ClosedTwoDimensionalFigure "Any &%TwoDimensionalFigure which has a well defined interior and exterior." (is-a TwoDimensionalFigure) (role concrete)) (defclass Polygon "A &%ClosedTwoDimensionalFigure that is composed exclusively of straight lines, i.e. &%OneDimensionalFigures." (is-a ClosedTwoDimensionalFigure) (role concrete)) (defclass Triangle "Any three-sided &%Polygon." (is-a Polygon) (role concrete)) (defclass Quadrilateral "Any four-sided &%Polygon." (is-a Polygon) (role concrete)) (defclass Rectangle "Any &%Quadrilateral whose angles are all &%RightAngles." (is-a Quadrilateral) (role concrete)) (defclass Square "Any &%Rectangle whose sides are all equal." (is-a Rectangle) (role concrete)) (defclass Circle "The class of &%ClosedTwoDimensionalFigures such that all &%GeometricPoints that make up the &%Circle are equidistant from a single &%GeometricPoint, known as the center of the &%Circle." (is-a ClosedTwoDimensionalFigure) (role concrete) (single-slot radius_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%radius ?CIRCLE ?LENGTH) means that the radius of the &%Circle ?CIRCLE has a length of ?LENGTH.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot diameter_S ;+ (comment "\"&%BinaryPredicate that is used to state the measure of a circular &%Object from side to side. (&%diameter ?CIRCLE ?LENGTH) means that the diameter of the &%Circle ?CIRCLE has a length of ?LENGTH.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LengthMeasure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass OpenTwoDimensionalFigure "The class of &%TwoDimensionalFigures that are not &%ClosedTwoDimensionalFigures." (is-a TwoDimensionalFigure) (role concrete)) (defclass TwoDimensionalAngle "Any two &%OneDimensionalFigures (i.e. straight lines) meeting at a single &%GeometricPoint." (is-a OpenTwoDimensionalFigure) (role concrete) (single-slot angleOfFigure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%angleOfFigure ?ANGLE ?FIGURE) means that the &%TwoDimensionalAngle ?ANGLE is part of the &%GeometricFigure ?FIGURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeometricFigure) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot angularMeasure_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%angularMeasure ?ANGLE ?MEASURE) means that the two-dimensional geometric angle ?ANGLE has the &%PlaneAngleMeasure of ?MEASURE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PlaneAngleMeasure) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass RightAngle "Any &%TwoDimensionalAngle that has the &%angularMeasure of 90 &%AngularDegrees." (is-a TwoDimensionalAngle) (role concrete)) (defclass SaturationAttribute "A &%Class of &%Attributes that specify, in a qualitative manner, the extent of the presence of one kind of &%Object in another kind of &%Object." (is-a InternalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass BreakabilityAttribute "A &%subclass of &%Attributes for characterizing the breakability of &%CorpuscularObjects." (is-a InternalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass BiologicalAttribute "&%Attributes that apply specifically to instances of &%Organism." (is-a InternalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass BodyPosition "The class of &%Attributes expressing configurations of bodies or parts of bodies of animals or humans, e.g. standing, sitting, kneeling, lying down, etc." (is-a BiologicalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass AnimacyAttribute "&%Attributes that indicate whether an &%Organism is alive or not." (is-a BiologicalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass SexAttribute "&%Attributes that indicate the sex of an &%Organism." (is-a BiologicalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass DevelopmentalAttribute "&%Attributes that indicate the stage of development of an &%Organism." (is-a BiologicalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass DiseaseOrSyndrome "A &%BiologicalAttribute which qualifies something that alters or interferes with a normal process, state or activity of an &%Organism. It is usually characterized by the abnormal functioning of one or more of the host's systems, parts, or &%Organs." (is-a BiologicalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass NonspecificDisease "The class of &%DiseaseOrSyndromes that are not caused by a single type of &%Microorganism." (is-a DiseaseOrSyndrome) (role concrete)) (defclass PsychologicalAttribute "&%Attributes that characterize the mental or behavioral life of an &%Organism." (is-a BiologicalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass StateOfMind "The class &%StateOfMind is distinguished from its complement &%TraitAttribute by the fact that instances of the former are transient while instances of the latter are persistent features of a creature's behavioral/psychological make-up." (is-a PsychologicalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass EmotionalState "The &%Class of &%Attributes that denote emotional states of &%Organisms." (is-a StateOfMind) (role concrete)) (defclass ConsciousnessAttribute "&%Attributes that indicate whether an &%Organism is conscious or the qualitative degree of consciousness of an &%Organism." (is-a StateOfMind) (role concrete)) (defclass TraitAttribute "&%Attributes that indicate the the behavior/personality traits of an &%Organism." (is-a PsychologicalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass LiteracyAttribute "If an ?INDIVIDUAL has the &%attribute &%LiteracyAttribute, that ?INDIVIDUAL is able to read and write." (is-a TraitAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass PsychologicalDysfunction "A clinically significant dysfunction whose major manifestation is behavioral or psychological. These dysfunctions may have identified or presumed biological etiologies or manifestations." (is-a PsychologicalAttribute DiseaseOrSyndrome) (role concrete)) (defclass InformationAttribute "An InformationAttribute is any of a broad class of attributes that apply specifically to abstract information." (is-a InternalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass FileAttribute "A FileAttribute is an attribute of an abstract ComputerFile." (is-a InformationAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass FileFormat "A FileFormat is a specification for the linear arrangement of data in a ComputerFile. A FileFormat is any of several specific formats that may apply to ComputerFiles. Some FileFormats are compatible with others, i.e. a file may have more than one format. All normal files are binary encoded." (is-a FileAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass TextAttribute "A TextAttribute is any of several attributes that a text may have. It may be shared by physical texts and abstract texts." (is-a InformationAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass TextFormat "A TextFormat is one of the attributes of a formatted text. It can take any of a very large variety of specific values, as for example, any HTML format specification." (is-a TextAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass DateFormat "A DateFormat is some specified arrangement of text representing a specific date, such as 3/4/96 or 4 March 1996." (is-a TextFormat) (role concrete)) (defclass TimeFormat "A TimeFormat is some specified arrangement of text representing a time of day, such as '1:30 PM' or '13:30'." (is-a TextFormat) (role concrete)) (defclass DateTimeFormat "A DateTimeFormat is some specified arrangement of a date string and a time string, such a '1:30 PM on 4 March 1996'." (is-a TextFormat) (role concrete)) (defclass NumericFormat "A NumericFormat is a specification for the linear arrangement of characters to form a number - the format may apply to an AnstractNumericString or a physical NumericString. Formats are of varying type, for example scientific format uses a decimal fraction plus a power of ten. The minimum and maximum number of decimal digits may be specified by a NumericFormat." (is-a TextFormat) (role concrete)) (defclass TextVersion "A TextVersion is an attribute that specifies which version of a text the text is." (is-a TextAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass CodeListVersion "A CodeListVersion is an attribute of a CodeStandard that specifies which version of the CodeStandard the specific text is." (is-a TextVersion) (role concrete)) (defclass RelationalAttribute "Any &%Attribute that an &%Entity has by virtue of a relationship that it bears to another &%Entity or set of &%Entities, e.g. &%SocialRoles and &%PositionalAttributes." (is-a Attribute) (role concrete)) (defclass TruthValue "The &%Class of truth values, e.g. &%True and &%False. These are &%Attributes of &%Sentences and &%Propositions." (is-a RelationalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass PositionalAttribute "&%Attributes characterizing the orientation of an &%Object, e.g. &%Vertical versus &%Horizontal, &%Left versus &%Right etc." (is-a RelationalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass DirectionalAttribute "The subclass of &%PositionalAttributes that concern compass directions." (is-a PositionalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass TimeZone "An &%Attribute which is used to specify coordinates in which time measures are uniform, i.e. all time devices are synchronized to the same &%TimePositions." (is-a RelationalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass SocialRole "The &%Class of all &%Attributes that specify the position or status of a &%CognitiveAgent within an &%Organization or other &%Group." (is-a RelationalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass Position "A formal position of reponsibility within an &%Organization. Examples of &%Positions include president, laboratory director, senior researcher, sales representative, etc." (is-a SocialRole) (role concrete) (multislot isUniqueFor_S ;+ (comment "\"isUniqueFor specifies that a particular instance of Position (e.g. President) is unique in a particular organization, i.e. only one person can hold that position at any one time. This allows definition of positions (e.g. Vice President) that may or may not be unique, depending on the organization. If a position is unique in an entire class of organizations, use (:hasValueClass ?POS isUniqueFor ?ORGCLASS).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass GovernmentSecretary "The class of &%Positions where the position holder is head of an adminstrative department of &%Government." (is-a Position) (role concrete)) (defclass FullTimePosition "Any &%Position where the employee is either salaried or paid for at least 40 hour of work per week." (is-a Position) (role concrete)) (defclass PartTimePosition "Any &%Position where the employee is not salaried and is paid for less than 40 hours of work per week." (is-a Position) (role concrete)) (defclass ClericalSecretary "The class of &%Positions where the position holder is responsible for clerical duties, e.g. typing documents, answering phones, keeping schedules, etc." (is-a Position) (role concrete)) (defclass Soldier "The class of &%Positions which involve serving in the armed forces of a &%Nation." (is-a Position) (role concrete)) (defclass RedcoatSoldier "Any &%Soldier that served on the British side during the American revolutionary war." (is-a Soldier) (role concrete)) (defclass ConfederateSoldier "Any &%Soldier that served on the confederate side during the American Civil War." (is-a Soldier) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryPrivate "An enlisted &%Soldier of the lowest rank." (is-a Soldier) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryOfficer "The class of &%Soldiers who have authority or command." (is-a Soldier) (role concrete)) (defclass Lieutenant "A commissioned &%MilitaryOfficer." (is-a MilitaryOfficer) (role concrete)) (defclass CaptainOfficer "A commissioned &%MilitaryOfficer who ranks above a &%Lieutenant but below a &%MajorOfficer." (is-a MilitaryOfficer) (role concrete)) (defclass Colonel "A commissioned &%MilitaryOfficer who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general." (is-a MilitaryOfficer) (role concrete)) (defclass SkilledOccupation "Any &%Position which requires learning a set of skills." (is-a Position) (role concrete)) (defclass Coach "Any occupation that involves training an athlete or a sports team." (is-a SkilledOccupation) (role concrete)) (defclass Profession "SUMO: Any occupation that requires at least a bachelor's degree. NOTE: this wasn't always true, and still may not be true in borderline cases. Better would be to require a degree *or* some form of licensing - e.g. one can be a teacher by passing a teacher certification test. - PJC." (is-a SkilledOccupation) (role concrete)) (defclass Cleric "The &%Profession of being in charge of or ministering to a &%ReligousOrganization." (is-a Profession) (role concrete)) (defclass PoliceOfficer "The &%Profession of being a police officer, i.e. working for a law enforcement agency that is part of a &%Government." (is-a Profession) (role concrete)) (defclass PoliceDetective "The &%Profession of being a police detective, i.e. being a &%PoliceOfficer whose duties include the investigation of crimes." (is-a PoliceOfficer) (role concrete)) (defclass PrivateDetective "The &%Profession of being a private detective, i.e. a detective who can be hired for a fee to investigate something." (is-a Profession) (role concrete)) (defclass Professor "The &%Profession of being a &%teacher at a &%PostSecondarySchool." (is-a Profession) (role concrete)) (defclass MedicalDoctor "The &%Profession of being a medical doctor, i.e. having attended medical school and being licensed to practice medicine." (is-a Profession) (role concrete)) (defclass NewsReporter "The &%Profession of being a news reporter, i.e. investigating and reporting, in a publication or broadcast program, current events." (is-a Profession) (role concrete)) (defclass ManualLabor "Any &%Position which involves manual work." (is-a Position) (role concrete)) (defclass UnskilledOccupation "Any &%Position which does not require learning a set of skills." (is-a ManualLabor) (role concrete)) (defclass OccupationalTrade "Any &%Position that involves skilled manual work." (is-a SkilledOccupation ManualLabor) (role concrete)) (defclass NormativeAttribute "A &%Class containing all of the &%Attributes that are specific to morality, legality, aesthetics, etiquette, etc. Many of these attributes express a judgement that something ought or ought not to be the case." (is-a RelationalAttribute) (role concrete) (multislot isaModalAttributeOf_S ;+ (comment "\"The inverse of hasModalAttribute - it relates a NormativeAttribute to a proposition that it applies to.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Assertion) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass SubjectiveAssessmentAttribute "The &%Class of &%NormativeAttributes which lack an objective criterion for their attribution, i.e. the attribution of these &%Attributes varies from subject to subject and even with respect to the same subject over time. This &%Class is, generally speaking, only used when mapping external knowledge sources to the SUMO. If a term from such a knowledge source seems to lack objective criteria for its attribution, it is assigned to this &%Class." (is-a NormativeAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass ObjectiveNorm "The &%Class of &%NormativeAttributes that are associated with an objective criterion for their attribution, i.e. there is broad consensus about the cases where these attributes are applicable." (is-a NormativeAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass ContestAttribute "A &%Class containing all of the &%Attributes that are specific to participants in a &%Contest. Some of these &%Attributes are winning, losing, won, lost, etc." (is-a ObjectiveNorm) (role concrete)) (defclass GameAttribute "Any &%ContestAttribute that is specific to a &%Game." (is-a ContestAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass SportAttribute "Any &%GameAttribute that is specific to a &%Sport." (is-a GameAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass AlethicAttribute "A &%Class containing all of the &%Attributes relating to the notions of possibility and necessity." (is-a ObjectiveNorm) (role concrete)) (defclass DeonticAttribute "A &%Class containing all of the &%Attributes relating to the notions of permission, obligation, and prohibition." (is-a ObjectiveNorm) (role concrete)) (defclass DeviceAttribute "This class contains two &%Attributes to indicate whether a &%Device is or is not behaving as it is intended to behave, &%Functioning and &%Malfunctioning." (is-a ObjectiveNorm) (role concrete)) (defclass PoliticoEconomicAttribute "Any &%Attribute of a &%Government which specifies some aspect of the political or economic system of the &%Government." (is-a RelationalAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass FormOfGovernment "&%FormOfGovernment is a class of &%Attributes used to describe the characteristics of a government, especially a &%NationalGovernment. The concept &%FormOfGovernment is interpreted broadly enough to include &%Anarchy and &%Factionalism." (is-a PoliticoEconomicAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass EconomicAttribute "&%EconomicAttribute is the class of terms including all &%Attributes used to characterize the economic systems or development levels of &%Nations or dependent &%GeopoliticalAreas." (is-a PoliticoEconomicAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass EconomicSystemAttribute "&%EconomicSystemAttribute is the class of &%Attributes that describe the type of economic system that a country or area has. For example, &%CapitalistEconomy or &%SocialistEconomy." (is-a EconomicAttribute) (role concrete)) (defclass IndustryAttribute "The economic sector, in terms of good or services produced. Used in industryOfArea relation." (is-a Attribute) (role concrete) (multislot industryProductType_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%industryProductType ?INDUSTRY ?TYPE) means that organizations with the &%IndustryAttribute ?INDUSTRY produce products of the kind ?TYPE.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Object) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass EfficiencyMeasure "an attribute of a process or procedure which may be quantitative (as, ten units per hour), measuring the outputs per unit input." (is-a Attribute) (role concrete)) (defclass %28AbstractionFn+Class%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Class into the instance of &%Attribute that specifies the condition(s) for membership in the &%Class.\"" (is-a Attribute) (role concrete)) (defclass SetOrClass "The &%SetOrClass of &%Sets and &%Classes, i.e. any instance of &%Abstract that has &%elements or &%instances." (is-a Abstract) (role concrete) (single-slot PowerSetFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%PowerSetFn ?CLASS) maps the &%SetOrClass ?CLASS to the &%SetOrClass of all &%subclasses of ?CLASS.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot CardinalityFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(CardinalityFn ?CLASS) returns the number of instances in the &%SetOrClass or &%Collection ?CLASS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Number) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GeneralizedIntersectionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that takes a &%SetOrClass of &%Classes as its single argument and returns a &%SetOrClass which is the intersection of all of the &%Classes in the original &%SetOrClass, i.e. the &%SetOrClass containing just those instances which are instances of all instances of the original &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ComplementFn_S ;+ (comment "\"The complement of a given &%SetOrClass C is the &%SetOrClass of all things that are not instances of C. In other words, an object is an instance of the complement of a &%SetOrClass C just in case it is not an instance of C.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot IntersectionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two %SetOrClasses to the intersection of these &%SetOrClasses. An object is an instance of the intersection of two &%SetOrClasses just in case it is an instance of both of those &%SetOrClasses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot UnionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%SetOrClasses to the union of these &%SetOrClasses. An object is an &%element of the union of two &%SetOrClasses just in case it is an &%instance of either &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GeneralizedUnionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that takes a &%SetOrClass of &%Classes as its single argument and returns a &%SetOrClass which is the merge of all of the &%Classes in the original &%SetOrClass, i.e. the &%SetOrClass containing just those instances which are instances of an instance of the original &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subclass_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subclass ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) means that ?CLASS1 is a subclass of ?CLASS2, i.e. every instance of ?CLASS1 is also an instance of ?CLASS2. A class may have multiple superclasses and subclasses.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot immediateSubclass_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%SetOrClass ?CLASS1 is an &%immediateSubclass of another &%SetOrClass ?CLASS2 just in case ?CLASS1 is a subclass of ?CLASS2 and there is no other subclass of ?CLASS2 such that ?CLASS1 is also a subclass of it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RelativeComplementFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%SetOrClasses to the difference between these &%SetOrClasses. More precisely, (&%RelativeComplementFn ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) denotes the instances of ?CLASS1 that are not also instances of ?CLASS2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Class "&%Classes differ from &%Sets in three important respects. First, &%Classes are not assumed to be extensional. That is, distinct &%Classes might well have exactly the same instances. Second, &%Classes typically have an associated `condition' that determines the instances of the &%Class. So, for example, the condition `human' determines the &%Class of &%Humans. Note that some &%Classes might satisfy their own condition (e.g., the &%Class of &%Abstract things is &%Abstract) and hence be instances of themselves. Third, the instances of a class may occur only once within the class, i.e. a class cannot contain duplicate instances." (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete) (multislot disjointDecomposition ;+ (comment "\"A &%disjointDecomposition of a &%Class C is a set of subclasses of C that are mutually &%disjoint.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ARow) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot AbstractionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Class into the instance of &%Attribute that specifies the condition(s) for membership in the &%Class.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot exhaustiveDecomposition_S ;+ (comment "\"An &%exhaustiveDecomposition of a &%Class C is a set of subclasses of C such that every subclass of C either is an element of the set or is a subclass of an element of the set. Note: this does not necessarily mean that the elements of the set are disjoint (see &%partition - a &%partition is a disjoint exhaustive decomposition.)\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partition ;+ (comment "\"A &%partition of a class C is a set of mutually &%disjoint classes (a subclass partition) which covers C. Every instance of C is an instance of exactly one of the subclasses in the partition.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-CLASS %3ATHING) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass BiologicalSpecies "The &%Class of all biological species, i.e. the class of all classes of &%Organism whose instances can interbreed." (is-a Class) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ExtensionFn+Attribute%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Attribute into the &%Class whose condition for membership is the &%Attribute.\"" (is-a Class) (role concrete)) (defclass %28KappaFn+SymbolicString+Formula+%29 "\"A class-forming operator that takes two arguments: a variable and a formula containing at least one unbound occurrence of the variable. The result of applying &%KappaFn to a variable and a formula is the &%SetOrClass of things that satisfy the formula. For example, we can denote the &%SetOrClass of prime numbers that are less than 100 with the following expression: (KappaFn ?NUMBER (and (instance ?NUMBER PrimeNumber) (lessThan ?NUMBER 100))). Note that the use of this function is discouraged, since there is currently no axiomatic support for it.\"" (is-a Class) (role concrete)) (defclass Set "A &%SetOrClass that satisfies extensionality as well as other constraints specified by some choice of set theory. &%Sets differ from &%Classes in two important respects. First, &%Sets are extensional - two &%Sets with the same &%elements are identical. Second, a &%Set can be an arbitrary stock of objects. That is, there is no requirement that &%Sets have an associated condition that determines their membership. Note that &%Sets are not assumed to be unique sets, i.e. &%elements of a &%Set may occur more than once in the &%Set." (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete) (single-slot subset_S ;+ (comment "\"(subset ?SET1 ?SET2) is true just in case the &%elements of the &%Set ?SET1 are also &%elements of the &%Set ?SET2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Set) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass FiniteSet "A &%Set containing a finite number of elements." (is-a Set) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PropertyFn+Agent%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Agent to the &%Set of &%Property owned by the &%Agent.\"" (is-a Set) (role concrete)) (defclass NullSet "Any &%SetOrClass that contains no instances." (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass NonNullSet "Any &%SetOrClass that contains at least one instance." (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass PairwiseDisjointClass "A &%SetOrClass is a &%PairwiseDisjointClass just in case every instance of the &%SetOrClass is either &%equal to or &%disjoint from every other instance of the &%SetOrClass." (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass MutuallyDisjointClass "A &%SetOrClass is a &%MutuallyDisjointClass just in case there exists nothing which is an instance of all of the instances of the original &%SetOrClass." (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PowerSetFn+SetOrClass%29 "\"(&%PowerSetFn ?CLASS) maps the &%SetOrClass ?CLASS to the &%SetOrClass of all &%subclasses of ?CLASS.\"" (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass %28UnionFn+SetOrClass+SetOrClass+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%SetOrClasses to the union of these &%SetOrClasses. An object is an &%element of the union of two &%SetOrClasses just in case it is an &%instance of either &%SetOrClass.\"" (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass %28IntersectionFn+SetOrClass+SetOrClass+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two %SetOrClasses to the intersection of these &%SetOrClasses. An object is an instance of the intersection of two &%SetOrClasses just in case it is an instance of both of those &%SetOrClasses.\"" (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass %28RelativeComplementFn+SetOrClass+SetOrClass+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%SetOrClasses to the difference between these &%SetOrClasses. More precisely, (&%RelativeComplementFn ?CLASS1 ?CLASS2) denotes the instances of ?CLASS1 that are not also instances of ?CLASS2.\"" (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ComplementFn+SetOrClass%29 "\"The complement of a given &%SetOrClass C is the &%SetOrClass of all things that are not instances of C. In other words, an object is an instance of the complement of a &%SetOrClass C just in case it is not an instance of C.\"" (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass %28GeneralizedUnionFn+SetOrClass%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that takes a &%SetOrClass of &%Classes as its single argument and returns a &%SetOrClass which is the merge of all of the &%Classes in the original &%SetOrClass, i.e. the &%SetOrClass containing just those instances which are instances of an instance of the original &%SetOrClass.\"" (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass %28GeneralizedIntersectionFn+SetOrClass%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that takes a &%SetOrClass of &%Classes as its single argument and returns a &%SetOrClass which is the intersection of all of the &%Classes in the original &%SetOrClass, i.e. the &%SetOrClass containing just those instances which are instances of all instances of the original &%SetOrClass.\"" (is-a SetOrClass) (role concrete)) (defclass Relation "The &%Class of relations. There are three kinds of &%Relation: &%Predicate, &%Function, and &%List. &%Predicates and &%Functions both denote sets of ordered n-tuples. The difference between these two &%Classes is that &%Predicates cover formula-forming operators, while &%Functions cover term-forming operators. A &%List, on the other hand, is a particular ordered n-tuple. This statement was modified by P. Cassidy January 2004 to include UnaryRelation." (is-a Abstract) (role concrete) (multislot disjointRelation ;+ (comment "\"This predicate relates any number of &%Relations. (&%disjointRelation @ROW) means that any two relations in @ROW have no tuples in common. As a consequence, the intersection of all of the relations in @ROW is the null set.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3AUBL-SLOT) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subrelation_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subrelation ?REL1 ?REL2) means that every tuple of ?REL1 is also a tuple of ?REL2. In other words, if the &%Relation ?REL1 holds for some arguments arg_1, arg_2, ... arg_n, then the &%Relation ?REL2 holds for the same arguments. A consequence of this is that a &%Relation and its subrelations must have the same &%valence. In CycL, &%subrelation is called #$genlPreds.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Relation) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot domain_S ;+ (comment "\"Provides a computationally and heuristically convenient mechanism for declaring the argument types of a given relation. The formula (&%domain ?REL ?INT ?CLASS) means that the ?INT'th element of each tuple in the relation ?REL must be an instance of ?CLASS. Specifying argument types is very helpful in maintaining ontologies. Representation systems can use these specifications to classify terms and check integrity constraints. If the restriction on the argument type of a &%Relation is not captured by a &%SetOrClass already defined in the ontology, one can specify a &%SetOrClass compositionally with the functions &%UnionFn, &%IntersectionFn, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot valence_S ;+ (comment "\"Specifies the number of arguments that a relation can take. If a relation does not have a fixed number of arguments, it does not have a valence and it is an instance of &%VariableArityRelation. For example, &%holds is a &%VariableArityRelation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot domainSubclass_S ;+ (comment "\"&%Predicate used to specify argument type restrictions of &%Predicates. The formula (&%domainSubclass ?REL ?INT ?CLASS) means that the ?INT'th element of each tuple in the relation ?REL must be a subclass of ?CLASS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass BinaryRelation "A BinaryRelation is a class of relations with two arguments, specifying a relation between those two arguments.\n&%BinaryRelations are relations that are true only of pairs of things. &%BinaryRelations are represented as slots in frame systems." (is-a Relation) (role concrete) (multislot trichotomizingOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation ?REL is trichotomizing on a &%SetOrClass only if, for all instances ?INST1 and ?INST2 of the &%SetOrClass, at least one of the following holds: (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2), (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1) or (equal ?INST1 ?INST2).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot reflexiveOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation is reflexive on a &%SetOrClass only if every instance of the &%SetOrClass bears the relation to itself.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot partialOrderingOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation is a partial ordering on a &%SetOrClass only if the relation is &%reflexiveOn the &%SetOrClass, and it is both an &%AntisymmetricRelation, and a &%TransitiveRelation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot maximumCardinality_S ;+ (comment "\"(maximumCardinality ?REL ?NUMBER) means that, for any given assignment of a first argument to ?REL, there will be at most ?NUMBER assignments to the second argument of ?REL.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeInteger) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot minimumCardinality_S ;+ (comment "\"(minimumCardinality ?REL ?NUMBER) means that, for any given assignment of a first argument to ?REL, there will be at least ?NUMBER assignments to the second argument of ?REL.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeInteger) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot totalOrderingOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation ?REL is a total ordering on a &%SetOrClass only if it is a partial ordering for which either (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) or (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1) for every ?INST1 and ?INST2 in the &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inverse_S ;+ (comment "\"The inverse of a &%BinaryRelation is a relation in which all the tuples of the original relation are reversed. In other words, one &%BinaryRelation is the inverse of another if they are equivalent when their arguments are swapped.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes BinaryRelation) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot irreflexiveOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation is irreflexive on a &%SetOrClass only if no instance of the &%SetOrClass bears the relation to itself.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot equivalenceRelationOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryRelation is an &%equivalenceRelationOn a &%SetOrClass only if the relation is &%reflexiveOn the &%SetOrClass and it is both a &%TransitiveRelation and a &%SymmetricRelation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ReflexiveRelation "&%Relation ?REL is reflexive if (?REL ?INST ?INST) for all ?INST." (is-a BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass IrreflexiveRelation "&%Relation ?REL is irreflexive if (?REL ?INST ?INST) holds for no value of ?INST." (is-a BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass SymmetricRelation "A &%BinaryRelation ?REL is symmetric just in case (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) imples (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1), for all ?INST1 and ?INST2." (is-a BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass AntisymmetricRelation "&%BinaryRelation ?REL is an &%AntisymmetricRelation if for distinct ?INST1 and ?INST2, (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) implies not (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1). In other words, for all ?INST1 and ?INST2, (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) and (?REL ?INST2 ?INST1) imply that ?INST1 and ?INST2 are identical. Note that it is possible for an &%AntisymmetricRelation to be a &%ReflexiveRelation." (is-a BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass AsymmetricRelation "A &%BinaryRelation is asymmetric only if it is both an &%AntisymmetricRelation and an &%IrreflexiveRelation." (is-a IrreflexiveRelation AntisymmetricRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass PropositionalAttitude "The &%Class of &%IntentionalRelations where the &%Agent has awareness of a &%Proposition." (is-a IntentionalRelation AsymmetricRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass TrichotomizingRelation "A &%BinaryRelation ?REL is a &%TrichotomizingRelation just in case all ordered pairs consisting of distinct individuals are elements of ?REL." (is-a BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass TransitiveRelation "A &%BinaryRelation ?REL is transitive if (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) and (?REL ?INST2 ?INST3) imply (?REL ?INST1 ?INST3), for all ?INST1, ?INST2, and ?INST3." (is-a BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass PartialOrderingRelation "A &%BinaryRelation is a partial ordering if it is a &%ReflexiveRelation, an &%AntisymmetricRelation, and a &%TransitiveRelation." (is-a TransitiveRelation AntisymmetricRelation ReflexiveRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass TotalOrderingRelation "A &%BinaryRelation is a &%TotalOrderingRelation if it is a &%PartialOrderingRelation and a &%TrichotomizingRelation." (is-a PartialOrderingRelation TrichotomizingRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass EquivalenceRelation "A &%BinaryRelation is an equivalence relation if it is a &%ReflexiveRelation, a &%SymmetricRelation, and a &%TransitiveRelation." (is-a TransitiveRelation SymmetricRelation ReflexiveRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass IntransitiveRelation "A &%BinaryRelation ?REL is intransitive only if (?REL ?INST1 ?INST2) and (?REL ?INST2 ?INST3) imply not (?REL ?INST1 ?INST3), for all ?INST1, ?INST2, and ?INST3." (is-a BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass EconomicRelation "A class of &%Relations which are used to specify various economic measures, e.g. the GDP, the consumer price index, and the trade deficit." (is-a BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass SingleValuedRelation "A &%Relation is a &%SingleValuedRelation just in case an assignment of values to every argument position except the last one determines at most one assignment for the last argument position. Note that not all &%SingleValuedRelations are &%TotalValuedRelations." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass Function "A &%Function is a term-forming &%Relation that maps from a n-tuple of arguments to a range and that associates this n-tuple with at most one range element. Note that the range is a &%SetOrClass, and each element of the range is an instance of the &%SetOrClass." (is-a SingleValuedRelation) (role concrete) (single-slot AssignmentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"If F is a function with a value for the objects denoted by N1,..., NK, then the term (AssignmentFn F N1 ... NK) denotes the value of applying F to the objects denoted by N1,..., NK. Otherwise, the value is undefined.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes %3ARow) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot closedOn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction is closed on a &%SetOrClass if it is defined for all instances of the &%SetOrClass and its value is always an instance of the &%SetOrClass.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot range_S ;+ (comment "\"Gives the range of a function. In other words, (&%range ?FUNCTION ?CLASS) means that all of the values assigned by ?FUNCTION are &%instances of ?CLASS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot rangeSubclass_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%rangeSubclass ?FUNCTION ?CLASS) means that all of the values assigned by ?FUNCTION are &%subclasses of ?CLASS.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents SetOrClass) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass UnaryFunction "The &%Class of &%Functions that require a single argument." (is-a Function BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass UnaryConstantFunctionQuantity "The class of &%UnaryFunctions that map from the &%Class &%ConstantQuantity to the &%Class &%ConstantQuantity." (is-a FunctionQuantity UnaryFunction) (role concrete)) (defclass TimeDependentQuantity "A &%UnaryConstantFunction of continuous time. All instances of this &%Class map a time quantity into another &%ConstantQuantity such as temperature. For example, 'the temperature at the top of the Empire State Building' is a &%TimeDependentQuantity since its value depends on the time." (is-a UnaryConstantFunctionQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Hertz "SI frequency measure. Symbol: Hz. It is the number of cycles per second. &%Hertz = s^(-1). Note that &%Hertz does not have a conversion function." (is-a TimeDependentQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Coulomb "SI electric charge measure. Symbol: C. It is the quantity of electric charge transported through a cross section of a conductor in an electric circuit during each &%SecondDuration by a current of 1 &%Ampere. Coulomb = s*A." (is-a TimeDependentQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass Becquerel "SI activity measure. Symbol: Bq. It measures the amount of radioactivity contained in a given sample of matter. It is that quantity of a radioactive element in which there is one atomic disintegration per &%SecondDuration. &%Becquerel = s^(-1)." (is-a TimeDependentQuantity) (role concrete)) (defclass OneToOneFunction "The &%Class of &%UnaryFunctions which are one to one. A function F is one to one just in case for all X, Y in the domain of F, if X is not identical to Y, then F(X) is not identical to F(Y)." (is-a UnaryFunction) (role concrete)) (defclass SequenceFunction "The &%Class of &%OneToOneFunctions whose range is a subclass of the &%PositiveIntegers." (is-a OneToOneFunction) (role concrete)) (defclass ContinuousFunction "&%Functions which are continuous. This concept is taken as primitive until representations for limits are devised." (is-a Function) (role concrete)) (defclass TotalValuedRelation "A &%Relation is a &%TotalValuedRelation just in case there exists an assignment for the last argument position of the &%Relation given any assignment of values to every argument position except the last one. Note that declaring a &%Relation to be both a &%TotalValuedRelation and a &%SingleValuedRelation means that it is a total function." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass PartialValuedRelation "A &%Relation is a &%PartialValuedRelation just in case it is not a &%TotalValuedRelation, i.e. just in case assigning values to every argument position except the last one does not necessarily mean that there is a value assignment for the last argument position. Note that, if a &%Relation is both a &%PartialValuedRelation and a &%SingleValuedRelation, then it is a partial function." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass UnaryRelation "This relation was added to the SUMO 1.55 in November 2003 by P. Cassidy to allow consistent inclusion of the 'not' logical operator within the hierarchy of relations." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass ProbabilityRelation "The &%Class of &%Relations that permit assessment of the probability of an event or situation." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass SpatialRelation "The &%Class of &%Relations that are spatial in a wide sense. This &%Class includes mereological relations and topological relations." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass TemporalRelation "The &%Class of temporal &%Relations. This &%Class includes notions of (temporal) topology of intervals, (temporal) schemata, and (temporal) extension." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass TernaryRelation "&%TernaryRelations relate three items. The two &%subclasses of &%TernaryRelation are &%TernaryPredicate and &%BinaryFunction." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass BinaryFunction "The &%Class of &%Functions that require two arguments." (is-a Function TernaryRelation) (role concrete) (multislot distributes_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction ?FUNCTION1 is distributive over another &%BinaryFunction ?FUNCTION2 just in case (?FUNCTION1 ?INST1 (?FUNCTION2 ?INST2 ?INST3)) is equal to (?FUNCTION2 (?FUNCTION1 ?INST1 ?INST2) (?FUNCTION1 ?INST1 ?INST3)), for all ?INST1, ?INST2, and ?INST3.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes BinaryFunction) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot identityElement_S ;+ (comment "\"An object ?ID is the identity element for BinaryFunction ?FUNCTION just in case, for every instance ?INST, applying ?FUNCTION to ?INST and ?ID results in ?INST.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AssociativeFunction "A &%BinaryFunction is associative if bracketing has no effect on the value returned by the &%Function. More precisely, a &%Function ?FUNCTION is associative just in case (?FUNCTION ?INST1 (?FUNCTION ?INST2 ?INST3)) is equal to (?FUNCTION (?FUNCTION ?INST1 ?INST2) ?INST3), for all ?INST1, ?INST2, and ?INST3." (is-a BinaryFunction) (role concrete)) (defclass CommutativeFunction "A &%BinaryFunction is commutative if the ordering of the arguments of the function has no effect on the value returned by the function. More precisely, a function ?FUNCTION is commutative just in case (?FUNCTION ?INST1 ?INST2) is equal to (?FUNCTION ?INST2 ?INST1), for all ?INST1 and ?INST2." (is-a BinaryFunction) (role concrete)) (defclass TotalValuedClassRelation "A TotalValuedClassRelation is a binary relation between classes that implies that every instance of every subclass of the first class is related to some instance of the second class by an instance-level relation." (is-a TernaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass QuaternaryRelation "&%QuaternaryRelations relate four items. The two &%subclasses of &%QuaternaryRelation are &%QuaternaryPredicate and &%TernaryFunction." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass TernaryFunction "The &%Class of &%Functions that require exactly three arguments." (is-a Function QuaternaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass QuintaryRelation "&%QuintaryRelations relate five items. The two &%subclasses of &%QuintaryRelation are &%QuintaryPredicate and &%QuaternaryFunction." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass QuaternaryFunction "The &%Class of &%Functions that require exactly four arguments." (is-a Function QuintaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass List "Every &%List is a particular ordered n-tuple of items. Generally speaking, &%Lists are created by means of the &%ListFn &%Function, which takes any number of items as arguments and returns a &%List with the items in the same order. Anything, including other &%Lists, may be an item in a &%List. Note too that &%Lists are extensional - two lists that have the same items in the same order are identical. Note too that a &%List may contain no items. In that case, the &%List is the &%NullList." (is-a Relation) (role concrete) (single-slot average_S ;+ (comment "\"A partial function that relates a &%List to a &%RealNumber, provided that the &%List only has list elements that are &%RealNumbers. The &%RealNumber associated with the &%List is equal to the mathematical average of the &%RealNumbers in the &%List divided by the total number of list elements.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ListConcatenateFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that returns the concatenation of the two &%Lists that are given as arguments. For example, the value of (&%ListConcatenateFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday) (&%ListFn &%Wednesday &%Thursday)) would be (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday &%Thursday).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subList_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subList ?LIST1 ?LIST2) means that ?LIST1 is a sublist of ?LIST2, i.e. every element of ?LIST1 is an element of ?LIST2 and the elements that are common to both &%Lists have the same order in both &%Lists.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ListOrderFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER) denotes the item that is in the ?NUMBER position in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%ListOrderFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday) 2) would return the value &%Tuesday.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot exists_S ;+ (comment "\"The existential quantifier of predicate logic.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot forall_S ;+ (comment "\"The universal quantifier of predicate logic.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot initialList_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%initialList ?LIST1 ?LIST2) means that ?LIST1 is a &%subList of ?LIST2 and (&%ListOrderFn ?LIST1 ?NUMBER) returns the same value as (&%ListOrderFn ?LIST2 ?NUMBER) for all of the values of ?NUMBER over which (&%ListOrderFn ?LIST1 ?NUMBER) is defined.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ListLengthFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%Function that takes a &%List as its sole argument and returns the number of items in the &%List. For example, (&%ListLengthFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value 3.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NonnegativeInteger) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot FirstFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%FirstFn ?LIST) returns the first item in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%FirstFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value of &%Monday.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasListElement_S ;+ (comment "\"hasListElement relates a class of Lists to another class. (hasListElement ?LISTCLASS ?ENTITYCLASS) asserts that every instance list of ?LISTCLASS has as an element at least one instance of ?ENTITYCLASS.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot LastFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%LastFn ?LIST) returns the last item in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%LastFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value of &%Wednesday.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass UniqueList "A &%List in which no item appears more than once, i.e. a &%List for which there are no distinct numbers ?NUMBER1 and ?NUMBER2 such that (&%ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER1) and (&%ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER2) return the same value." (is-a List) (role concrete)) (defclass IdentifierList "An IdentifierList is a list of definitions of identifiers, each definition containing an abstract string and a description of what the string is intended to symbolize. The terms in the list do not need to be unique, though each entry on the list (which is a combination of a term and its definition) does have to be unique." (is-a UniqueList) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractCodeList "An AbstractCodeList is a list of CodeDefinitions (and nothing else), each of which consists of at least one abstract entity, a code string, plus optionally the definition of the code. The list may have references to the language of the code, and a back-reference to the code list of which it is a part. That is, a code list consists of a list of codes together with the code definitions, not merely the list of codes. A full CodeStandard may contain other information in addition to the AbstractCodeList, such as when to apply it and how to expand it. The code list is an Assertion because it functions as a statement, in effect: 'In context ?C, symbol ?x shall represent entity ?E'. Those who agree to this assertion and adopt the code list assent to the truth of this assertion." (is-a IdentifierList) (role concrete) (multislot hasListElement_S ;+ (comment "\"hasListElement relates a class of Lists to another class. (hasListElement ?LISTCLASS ?ENTITYCLASS) asserts that every instance list of ?LISTCLASS has as an element at least one instance of ?ENTITYCLASS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeDefinition) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CharacterCodeSet "A CharacterCodeSet is the set of binary codes, usually an integral number of bytes (1 to 4) that are used in a binary file to represent characters, spaces, and formatting characters in visual representations -- on a computer screen or printout." (is-a AbstractCodeList) (role concrete)) (defclass ComponentList "A ComponentList is a list of Classes each of which has instances which are potentially a component of another compound entity. This concept provides a mechanism to state that an instance of class A may or may not have parts which are instances of classes B, C, or D. This is an *optional* part list, but any given part may be specified as *required* by a hasNecessaryPart or necessarily proposition. An entity *must* have at least one component from this list." (is-a List) (role concrete)) (defclass DateAndTimeList "A DateAndTimeList is a list containing two elements, a date string and a time string" (is-a ComponentList) (role concrete)) (defclass TextComponentList "A TextComponentList is a list containing a set of text classes which constitute the exclusive text classes that may be found as the primary partition of a larger structured text. Note that each of these text components may itself have smaller components, but the TextComponentList must contain only the immediate components, not the subcomponents." (is-a ComponentList) (role concrete)) (defclass AttributeList "An AttributeList is an exhaustive list of all possible values of a particular attribute. The values are not necessarily disjoint or contradictory." (is-a List) (role concrete)) (defclass BinaryList "A BinaryList is a list having exactly two elements." (is-a List) (role concrete)) (defclass IndicatorList "A IndicatorList is an AttributeList list having exactly two elements, each of which is an Attribute. This corresponds to the UBL Indicator.Type. UBL: A list of two mutually exclusive Boolean values that express the only possible states of a Property." (is-a AttributeList BinaryList) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ListConcatenateFn+List+List+%29 "\"A &%Function that returns the concatenation of the two &%Lists that are given as arguments. For example, the value of (&%ListConcatenateFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday) (&%ListFn &%Wednesday &%Thursday)) would be (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday &%Thursday).\"" (is-a List) (role concrete)) (defclass Predicate "A &%Predicate is a sentence-forming &%Relation. Each tuple in the &%Relation is a finite, ordered sequence of objects. The fact that a particular tuple is an element of a &%Predicate is denoted by '(*predicate* arg_1 arg_2 .. arg_n)', where the arg_i are the objects so related. In the case of &%BinaryPredicates, the fact can be read as `arg_1 is *predicate* arg_2' or `a *predicate* of arg_1 is arg_2'." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass LogicalOperator "This &%Class currently comprises all of the logical operators (viz. 'and', 'or', 'not', '=>', and '<=>')." (is-a Predicate) (role concrete)) (defclass BinaryPredicate "A &%Predicate relating two items - its valence is two." (is-a Predicate BinaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass CaseRole "The &%Class of &%Predicates relating the spatially distinguished parts of a &%Process. &%CaseRoles include, for example, the &%agent, &%patient or &%destination of an action, the flammable substance in a burning process, or the water that falls in rain." (is-a BinaryPredicate AsymmetricRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass InheritableClassRelation "An InheritableClassRelation is a binary relation that has a class as its argument1 type (domainSubclass 1) and which also applies to all subclasses. Thus, though it is a class-level predicate, it functions as a template slot in a frame representation. Any assertion using a class-level relation that is not an InheritableClassRelation will not necessarily be true of all subclasses of the domain 1 asserted in the assertion. For binary relations, the arg2 class variable may be restricted at a subclass level by the :hasRestrictedVal relation." (is-a BinaryPredicate) (role concrete)) (defclass TernaryPredicate "The &%Class of &%Predicates that require exactly three arguments." (is-a Predicate TernaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass QuaternaryPredicate "The &%Class of &%Predicates that require four arguments." (is-a Predicate QuaternaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass QuintaryPredicate "The &%Class of &%Predicates that require five arguments." (is-a Predicate QuintaryRelation) (role concrete)) (defclass VariableArityRelation "The &%Class of &%Relations that do not have a fixed number of arguments." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass RelationExtendedToQuantities "A &%RelationExtendedToQuantities is a &%Relation that, when it is true on a sequence of arguments that are &%RealNumbers, it is also true on a sequence of &%ConstantQuantites with those magnitudes in some unit of measure. For example, the &%lessThan relation is extended to quantities. This means that for all pairs of quantities ?QUANTITY1 and ?QUANTITY2, (lessThan ?QUANTITY1 ?QUANTITY2) if and only if, for some ?NUMBER1, ?NUMBER2, and ?UNIT, ?QUANTITY1 = (MeasureFn ?NUMBER1 ?UNIT), ?QUANTITY2 = (MeasureFn ?NUMBER2 ?UNIT), and (lessThan ?NUMBER1 ?NUMBER2), for all units ?UNIT on which ?QUANTITY1 and ?QUANTITY2 can be measured. Note that, when a &%RelationExtendedToQuantities is extended from &%RealNumbers to &%ConstantQuantities, the &%ConstantQuantities must be measured along the same physical dimension." (is-a Relation) (role concrete)) (defclass Proposition "&%Propositions are &%Abstract entities that express a complete thought or a set of such thoughts. As an example, the formula '(instance Yojo Cat)' expresses the &%Proposition that the entity named Yojo is an element of the &%Class of Cats. Note that propositions are not restricted to the content expressed by individual sentences of a &%Language. They may encompass the content expressed by theories, books, and even whole libraries. It is important to distinguish &%Propositions from the &%ContentBearingObjects that express them. A &%Proposition is a piece of information, e.g. that the cat is on the mat, but a &%ContentBearingObject is an &%Object that represents this information. A &%Proposition is an abstraction that may have multiple representations: strings, sounds, icons, etc. For example, the &%Proposition that the cat is on the mat is represented here as a string of graphical characters displayed on a monitor and/or printed on paper, but it can be represented by a sequence of sounds or by some non-latin alphabet or by some cryptographic form" (is-a Abstract) (role concrete) (multislot isTheInformationContainedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isTheInformationContainedIn is the relation between a Proposition and the ContentBearingObject that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot usesLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"(usesLanguage ?EXP ?LANG) means that ?EXP is a valid expression or combination of expressions of the language ?LANG, and contains propositional content. This relation is similar to the SUMO expressedInLanguage, but the SUMO relation has physical objects as its domain 1, rather than abstract objects.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractLanguage) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot DocumentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%DocumentFn ?PROP) denotes the class of &%ContentBearingObjects that contain the information ?PROP.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Text) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot consistent_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%consistent ?PROP1 ?PROP2) means that the two &%Propositions ?PROP1 and ?PROP2 are consistent with one another, i.e. it is possible for both of them to be true at the same time.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subProposition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subProposition ?PROP1 ?PROP2) means that ?PROP1 is a &%Proposition which is a proper part of the &%Proposition ?PROP2. In other words, &%subProposition is the analogue of &%properPart for chunks of abstract content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass FieldOfStudy "An academic or applied discipline with recognized experts and with a core of accepted theory or practice. Note that &%FieldOfStudy is a &%subclass of &%Proposition, because a &%FieldOfStudy is understood to be a body of abstract, informational content, with varying degrees of certainty attached to each element of this content." (is-a Proposition) (role concrete) (multislot subField_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subField ?FIELD1 ?FIELD2) means that ?FIELD1 is a proper part of the &%FieldOfStudy ?FIELD2. For example, &%Physiology is a &%subField of &%Biology.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FieldOfStudy) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Science "Any &%FieldOfStudy which tests theories on the basis of careful observations and/or experiments and which has a cumulative body of results." (is-a FieldOfStudy) (role concrete)) (defclass SocialScience "Any &%Science which studies human behavior, either in the aggregate, as do, for example, &%Economics and &%Linguistics, or with respect to the individual, as does &%Psychology." (is-a Science) (role concrete)) (defclass Agreement "An agreement is a proposition that states that the speaker believes the proposition asserted by another speaker." (is-a Proposition) (role concrete)) (defclass Assent "Assent is a response by one agent to an assertion by another agent that the responding agent agrees to the truth of the assertion." (is-a Agreement) (role concrete)) (defclass TextualProposition "A TextualProposition is a Proposition that is the content of a Text. Single words like 'cat' may have certain entities as referents, but cannot be said to express a proposition." (is-a Proposition) (role concrete) (multislot isTheInformationContainedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isTheInformationContainedIn is the relation between a Proposition and the ContentBearingObject that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasBinaryEncoding_S ;+ (comment "\"hasBinaryEncoding points to the abstract BinaryObject that encodes the propositional content of a textual proposition. The Binary object will usually be a ab abstract ComputerFile with encoded text, but is not necessarily so.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes BinaryObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextualExpression_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextualExpression is the relation between a Proposition and the AbstractText that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Description "A Description is the propositional content a text that is intended to explain a relatively restricted concept or object. It has one central theme and can be considered as a description of that theme. It is very flexible and can vary from a brief definition to an encylopedia-length article, provided that it sticks pretty closely to a single theme." (is-a TextualProposition) (role concrete) (multislot hasTextualExpression_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextualExpression is the relation between a Proposition and the AbstractText that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DescriptiveText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CommunicationProposition "A CommunicationProposition is a Proposition that is the propositional content of a communication." (is-a TextualProposition) (role concrete) (multislot isReferencedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isReferencedBy relates any entity to an AbstractInformationalEntity (such as an Abstract Text) that represents the entity in some way. This is the inverse of relation 'hasReferent'. Thus a physical cat may be represented by the AbstractString 'c-a-t'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Communication) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MessageProposition "A MessageProposition is a Proposition that is the propositional content of a Message." (is-a CommunicationProposition) (role concrete) (multislot isReferencedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isReferencedBy relates any entity to an AbstractInformationalEntity (such as an Abstract Text) that represents the entity in some way. This is the inverse of relation 'hasReferent'. Thus a physical cat may be represented by the AbstractString 'c-a-t'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Message) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass InvoiceProposition "An InvoiceProposition is a MessageProposition expressing the propositional content of an Invoice." (is-a MessageProposition) (role concrete)) (defclass DocumentalProposition "A DocumentalProposition is a Proposition that is the conceptual content of a Document." (is-a TextualProposition) (role concrete) (multislot isReferencedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isReferencedBy relates any entity to an AbstractInformationalEntity (such as an Abstract Text) that represents the entity in some way. This is the inverse of relation 'hasReferent'. Thus a physical cat may be represented by the AbstractString 'c-a-t'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isTheInformationContainedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isTheInformationContainedIn is the relation between a Proposition and the ContentBearingObject that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DocumentPhysical) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextualExpression_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextualExpression is the relation between a Proposition and the AbstractText that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %28PremisesFn+Argument%29 "\"(&%PremisesFn ?ARGUMENT) returns the complete set of &%premises of the &%Argument ?ARGUMENT.\"" (is-a Proposition) (role concrete)) (defclass Graph "The &%Class of graphs, where a graph is understood to be a set of &%GraphNodes connected by &%GraphArcs. Note that this &%Class includes only connected graphs, i.e. graphs in which there is a &%GraphPath between any two &%GraphNodes. Note too that every &%Graph is assumed to contain at least two &%GraphArcs and three &%GraphNodes." (is-a Abstract) (role concrete) (single-slot CutSetFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that assigns a &%Graph the &%Class of &%GraphPaths that partition the graph into two separate graphs if cut. There may be more than one cutset for a given graph.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subGraph_S ;+ (comment "\"The relation between two &%Graphs when one &%Graph is a part of the other. (&%subGraph ?GRAPH1 ?GRAPH2) means that ?GRAPH1 is a part of ?GRAPH2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Graph) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MinimalCutSetFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that assigns a &%Graph the &%Class of &%GraphPaths which comprise cutsets for the &%Graph and which have the least number of &%GraphArcs.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass DirectedGraph "The &%Class of directed graphs. A directed graph is a &%Graph in which all &%GraphArcs have direction, i.e. every &%GraphArc has an initial node (see &%InitialNodeFn) and a terminal node (see &%TerminalNodeFn)." (is-a Graph) (role concrete)) (defclass GraphPath "Informally, a single, directed route between two &%GraphNodes in a &%Graph. Formally, a &%DirectedGraph that is a &%subGraph of the original &%Graph and such that no two &%GraphArcs in the &%DirectedGraph have the same intial node (see &%InitialNodeFn) or the same terminal node (see &%TerminalNodeFn)." (is-a DirectedGraph) (role concrete) (single-slot PathWeightFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the sum of the &%arcWeights on the &%GraphArcs in the &%GraphPath.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot pathLength_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryPredicate that specifies the length (in number of &%GraphNodes) of a &%GraphPath. (&%pathLength ?PATH ?NUMBER) means that there are ?NUMBER nodes in the &%GraphPath ?PATH.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PositiveInteger) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot BeginNodeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the &%GraphNode that is the beginning of the &%GraphPath. Note that, unlike &%InitialNodeFn (which relates a &%GraphArc to a &%GraphNode), &%BeginNodeFn is a total function - every &%GraphPath has a beginning.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphNode) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot EndNodeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the &%GraphNode that is the end of the &%GraphPath. Note that, unlike &%TerminalNodeFn (which relates a &%GraphArc to a &%GraphNode), &%EndNodeFn is a total function - every &%GraphPath has a end.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphNode) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass GraphCircuit "A &%GraphPath that begins (see &%BeginNodeFn) and ends (see &%EndNodeFn) at the same &%GraphNode." (is-a GraphPath) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MinimalWeightedPathFn+GraphNode+GraphNode+%29 "\"This &%BinaryFunction assigns two &%GraphNodes to the &%GraphPath with the smallest sum of weighted arcs between the two &%GraphNodes.\"" (is-a GraphPath) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MaximalWeightedPathFn+GraphNode+GraphNode+%29 "\"This &%BinaryFunction assigns two &%GraphNodes to the &%GraphPath with the largest sum of weighted arcs between the two &%GraphNodes.\"" (is-a GraphPath) (role concrete)) (defclass %28GraphPathFn+GraphNode+GraphNode+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%GraphNodes to the &%Class of &%GraphPaths between those two nodes. Note that the two &%GraphNodes must belong to the same &%Graph.\"" (is-a GraphPath) (role concrete)) (defclass %28CutSetFn+Graph%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that assigns a &%Graph the &%Class of &%GraphPaths that partition the graph into two separate graphs if cut. There may be more than one cutset for a given graph.\"" (is-a GraphPath) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MinimalCutSetFn+Graph%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that assigns a &%Graph the &%Class of &%GraphPaths which comprise cutsets for the &%Graph and which have the least number of &%GraphArcs.\"" (is-a GraphPath) (role concrete)) (defclass TreeGraph "A TreeGraph is a &%DirectedGraph that has no &%GraphLoops." (is-a Graph) (role concrete)) (defclass MultiGraph "The &%Class of multigraphs. A multigraph is a &%Graph containing at least one pair of &%GraphNodes that are connected by more than one &%GraphArc." (is-a Graph) (role concrete)) (defclass PseudoGraph "The &%Class of pseudographs. A pseudograph is a &%Graph containing at least one &%GraphLoop." (is-a Graph) (role concrete)) (defclass GraphElement "Noncompositional parts of &%Graphs. These parts are restricted to &%GraphNodes and &%GraphArcs." (is-a Abstract) (role concrete) (multislot graphPart_S ;+ (comment "\"A basic relation for &%Graphs and their parts. (&%graphPart ?PART ?GRAPH) means that ?PART is a &%GraphArc or &%GraphNode of the &%Graph ?GRAPH.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Graph) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass GraphNode "&%Graphs are comprised of &%GraphNodes and &%GraphArcs. Every &%GraphNode is linked by a &%GraphArc." (is-a GraphElement) (role concrete) (single-slot MaximalWeightedPathFn_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%BinaryFunction assigns two &%GraphNodes to the &%GraphPath with the largest sum of weighted arcs between the two &%GraphNodes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot MinimalWeightedPathFn_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%BinaryFunction assigns two &%GraphNodes to the &%GraphPath with the smallest sum of weighted arcs between the two &%GraphNodes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GraphPathFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps two &%GraphNodes to the &%Class of &%GraphPaths between those two nodes. Note that the two &%GraphNodes must belong to the same &%Graph.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents GraphPath) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot links_S ;+ (comment "\"a &%TernaryPredicate that specifies the &%GraphArc connecting two &%GraphNodes.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphArc) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %28InitialNodeFn+GraphArc%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphArc to the initial node of the &%GraphArc. Note that this is a partial function. In particular, the function is undefined for &%GraphArcs that are not part of a &%DirectedGraph.\"" (is-a GraphNode) (role concrete)) (defclass %28TerminalNodeFn+GraphArc%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphArc to the terminal node of the &%GraphArc. Note that this is a partial function. In particular, the function is undefined for &%GraphArcs that are not part of a &%DirectedGraph.\"" (is-a GraphNode) (role concrete)) (defclass %28BeginNodeFn+GraphPath%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the &%GraphNode that is the beginning of the &%GraphPath. Note that, unlike &%InitialNodeFn (which relates a &%GraphArc to a &%GraphNode), &%BeginNodeFn is a total function - every &%GraphPath has a beginning.\"" (is-a GraphNode) (role concrete)) (defclass %28EndNodeFn+GraphPath%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphPath to the &%GraphNode that is the end of the &%GraphPath. Note that, unlike &%TerminalNodeFn (which relates a &%GraphArc to a &%GraphNode), &%EndNodeFn is a total function - every &%GraphPath has a end.\"" (is-a GraphNode) (role concrete)) (defclass GraphArc "&%Graphs are comprised of &%GraphNodes and &%GraphArcs. Every &%GraphArc links two &%GraphNodes." (is-a GraphElement) (role concrete) (single-slot TerminalNodeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphArc to the terminal node of the &%GraphArc. Note that this is a partial function. In particular, the function is undefined for &%GraphArcs that are not part of a &%DirectedGraph.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphNode) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot arcWeight_S ;+ (comment "\"This predicate indicates the value of a &%GraphArc in a &%Graph. This could map to the length of a road in a road network or the flow rate of a pipe in a plumbing system.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot InitialNodeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%GraphArc to the initial node of the &%GraphArc. Note that this is a partial function. In particular, the function is undefined for &%GraphArcs that are not part of a &%DirectedGraph.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GraphNode) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass GraphLoop "A &%GraphArc in which a &%GraphNode is linked to itself." (is-a GraphArc) (role concrete)) (defclass SomethingOfValue "Any entity which has any kind of value, monetary or emotional, to a cognitive agent. The value may be negative." (is-a Entity) (role concrete)) (defclass SomethingOfPositiveValue "Anything which is viewed as a positive or good thing by a CognitiveAgent. CognitiveAgents will try to acquire good things unless they are associated with something negative." (is-a SomethingOfValue) (role concrete)) (defclass Asset "Something of positive monetary value owned by a cognitive agent. Something that has negative monetary vaue is an obligaion or a debt." (is-a SomethingOfPositiveValue) (role concrete)) (defclass Collateral "An Asset which has been pledged as security for some form of credit." (is-a Asset) (role concrete)) (defclass SomethingOfNegativeValue "Anything which is viewed as a negative or bad thing by a CognitiveAgent. CognitiveAgents will try to avoid bad things unless they are associated with something positive." (is-a SomethingOfValue) (role concrete)) (defclass Debt "Something of negative monetary value which is an obligation (legal or moral) of a CognitiveAgent." (is-a SomethingOfNegativeValue) (role concrete)) (defclass Location "A Location can be abstract, for abstract objects, or physical, for physical objects. This is a broad concept." (is-a Entity) (role concrete) (multislot isaLocationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaLocationOf points to a location where an object (Abstract or Physical) may be located. Since this can be used of abstract objects such as abstract texts, there may be more than one location for such an object. Physical objects may have necessary locations. This is the inverse of hasLocation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractObject Physical) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Region "A topographic location. &%Regions encompass surfaces of &%Objects, imaginary places, and &%GeographicAreas. Note that a &%Region is the only kind of &%Object which can be located at itself. Note too that &%Region is not a subclass of &%SelfConnectedObject, because some &%Regions, e.g. archipelagos, have &%parts which are not &%connected with one another." (is-a Object Location) (role concrete)) (defclass Hole "A hole is an immaterial body located at the surface of an &%Object. Since every &%Hole is ontologically dependent on its host (i.e., the object in which it is a hole), being a &%Hole is defined as being a &%hole in something. Note that two &%Holes may occupy the same region, or part of the same region, without sharing any parts." (is-a Region) (role concrete) (multislot hole_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%hole ?HOLE ?OBJ) means that ?HOLE is a &%Hole in ?OBJ. A &%Hole is a fillable body located at the &%surface an &%Object.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SelfConnectedObject) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot SkinFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Hole to the skin of the &%Hole. The skin of a &%Hole is the fusion of those superficial parts (see &%superficialPart) of the &%Hole's principal host (see &%PrincipalHostFn) with which the &%Hole is externally connected.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PrincipalHostFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%Hole to the &%Object which is its principal host. The principle host of a &%Hole is its maximally connected host (a notion taken here to be defined only when the argument is a hole).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Object) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AstronomicalBody "The &%Class of all astronomical objects of significant size. It includes &%SelfConnectedObjects like planets, stars, and asteroids, as well as &%Collections like nebulae, galaxies, and constellations. Note that the planet Earth is an &%AstronomicalBody, but every &%Region of Earth is a &%GeographicArea." (is-a Region) (role concrete)) (defclass Star "&%Star is the class of hot gaseous astronomical bodies." (is-a AstronomicalBody) (role concrete)) (defclass Meteoroid "Any &%AstronomicalBody that breaks through the atmosphere of &%Earth." (is-a AstronomicalBody) (role concrete)) (defclass Meteorite "Any &%Meteoroid that leaves traces on the surface of &%Earth." (is-a Meteoroid) (role concrete)) (defclass NaturalSatellite "&%NaturalSatellite is the class of large, naturally occurring astronomical bodies orbiting some other &%AstronomicalBody." (is-a Satellite AstronomicalBody) (role concrete)) (defclass Moon "&%Moon is the class of &%NaturalSatellites that orbit planets or large asteroids." (is-a NaturalSatellite) (role concrete)) (defclass Planet "&%Planet is the class of large &%NaturalSatellites that revolve around a star." (is-a NaturalSatellite) (role concrete)) (defclass GeographicArea "A geographic location, generally having definite boundaries. Note that this differs from its immediate superclass &%Region in that a &%GeographicArea is a three-dimensional &%Region of the earth. Accordingly, all astronomical objects other than earth and all one-dimensional and two-dimensional &%Regions are not classed under &%GeographicArea." (is-a Region) (role concrete) (multislot geographicSubregion_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%geographicSubregion ?PART ?WHOLE) means that the &%GeographicArea ?PART is part of the &%GeographicArea ?WHOLE.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeographicArea) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass GeopoliticalArea "Any &%GeographicArea which is associated with some sort of political structure. This class includes &%Lands, &%Cities, districts of cities, counties, etc. Note that the identity of a &%GeopoliticalArea may remain constant after a change in borders." (is-a GeographicArea Agent) (role concrete) (single-slot PopulationFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%PopulationFn ?AREA) denotes the &%Integer that represents the count of the number of people inhabiting the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA. The total population presents one overall measure of the potential impact of the country on the world and within its region.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Integer) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot chiefOfState_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%chiefOfState ?POLITY ?ROLE ?PERSON) means that ?PERSON is the titular leader of the government of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY and represents it at official functions. The office held by this chief of state is ?ROLE (e.g., President, Queen, Chairman). Note: this term is defined as in the CIA World Fact Book.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot LegislatureFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%LegislatureFn ?AREA) denotes the legislative branch of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LegislativeOrganization) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot administrativeCenter_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%administrativeCenter ?CENTER ?REGION) means that ?CENTER is the &%City (or other area) from which the larger &%GeopoliticalArea ?REGION is administered.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot CitizenryFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%CitizenryFn ?AREA) denotes the &%GroupOfPeople who are legal and permanent residents of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GroupOfPeople) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot headOfGovernment_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%headOfGovernment ?POLITY ?ROLE ?PERSON) means that ?PERSON is the top administrative leader of the &%Government of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?POLITY, with authority for managing its day-to-day functions. The office held by this person is the &%Position ?ROLE (e.g., President, Prime Minister, Governor). Note: this term is defined as in the CIA World Fact Book.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot currencyType_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%currencyType ?AREA ?UNIT) means that the official currency used in the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA is the &%UnitOfMeasure ?UNIT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot GovernmentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%GovernmentFn ?AREA) denotes the &%Government of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA. For example, (&%GovernmentFn &%UnitedStates) denotes the Federal-level government of the United States; (&%GovernmentFn &%PuertoRico) denotes the government of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Government) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot primaryGeopoliticalSubdivision_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%primaryGeopoliticalSubdivision ?AREA ?COUNTRY) means that the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA is one of the first-order administrative divisions of the &%Nation ?COUNTRY. For example, in the United States, any of the fifty states. This does not include subordinate regions that have a lesser status, such as British Crown colonies, U.S. territories, or protectorates. See &%geopoliticalSubdivision.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot industryOfArea_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%industryOfArea ?AREA ?SECTOR) means that the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA produces goods or services in the economic area ?SECTOR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IndustryAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot JudiciaryFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%JudiciaryFn ?AREA) denotes the judicial branch of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA, that is, the &%JudicialOrganization(s) associated with the government of ?AREA, considered as a whole.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes JudicialOrganization) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot dependentGeopoliticalArea_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%dependentGeopoliticalArea ?AREA1 ?AREA2) means that ?AREA1 is a geopolitical possession of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?AREA2 and is not a &%geopoliticalSubdivision of ?AREA2. For example, (&%dependentGeopoliticalArea &%Guam &%UnitedStates), because Guam is a territory of the &%UnitedStates, not one of the fifty U.S. states. Contrast &%primaryGeopoliticalSubdivision.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot geopoliticalSubdivision_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%geopoliticalSubdivision ?AREA1 ?AREA2) means that ?AREA1 is any geopolitical part of ?AREA2; that is, ?AREA1 is an integral &%geographicSubregion of ?AREA2 (not a &%DependencyOrSpecialSovereigntyArea), having its own associated &%GovernmentOrganization which is subordinated to or constrained by the government of ?AREA2. Cf. &%dependentGeopoliticalArea.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ResidentFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%ResidentFn ?AREA) denotes the &%GroupOfPeople who have their &%home in ?AREA.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GroupOfPeople) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CityDistrict "Any &%geopoliticalSubdivision of a &%City." (is-a GeopoliticalArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Downtown "The commercial center of a &%City. The part of the &%City that contains more shops and offices than any other part." (is-a CityDistrict) (role concrete)) (defclass WaterArea "A body which is made up predominantly of water, e.g. rivers, lakes, oceans, etc." (is-a GeographicArea) (role concrete)) (defclass SaltWaterArea "A &%WaterArea whose &%Water is saline, e.g. oceans and seas." (is-a WaterArea) (role concrete)) (defclass FreshWaterArea "A &%WaterArea whose &%Water is not saline, e.g. most rivers and lakes." (is-a WaterArea) (role concrete)) (defclass StreamWaterArea "A relatively narrow &%WaterArea where the water flows constantly and in the same direction, e.g. a river, a stream, etc." (is-a WaterArea) (role concrete)) (defclass StaticWaterArea "A &%WaterArea in which water does not flow constantly or in the same direction, e.g. most lakes and ponds." (is-a WaterArea) (role concrete)) (defclass BodyOfWater "A &%BodyOfWater is a connected body of water with established boundaries marked by either geographical features or conventional borders." (is-a WaterArea SelfConnectedObject) (role concrete)) (defclass Inlet "&%Inlet is the class of bays or other recesses into the shore of a lake, sea, or river; includes narrow inlets, which are passages leading from open water through some barrier to a bay or lagoon." (is-a BodyOfWater) (role concrete)) (defclass River "&%River is the class of large streams of fresh water flowing through land into a lake, ocean, or other body of water." (is-a BodyOfWater StreamWaterArea FreshWaterArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Ocean "&%Ocean is the class containing the oceans that are the major subdivisions of the &%WorldOcean. According to the International Hydrographic Association, there are five oceans: the &%AtlanticOcean, &%PacificOcean, &%IndianOcean, &%SouthernOcean, and &%ArcticOcean. Note: The largest oceans, the Atlantic and Pacific, are subdivided into Northern and Southern regions, but those regions are not separate &%Oceans." (is-a SaltWaterArea BodyOfWater) (role concrete)) (defclass LandArea "An area which is predominantly solid ground, e.g. a &%Nation, a mountain, a desert, etc. Note that a &%LandArea may contain some relatively small &%WaterAreas. For example, Australia is a &%LandArea even though it contains various rivers and lakes." (is-a GeographicArea) (role concrete)) (defclass ShoreArea "A &%ShoreArea is a &%LandArea approximately 1-3 km wide bordering a body of water, such as an ocean, bay, river, or lake. A &%ShoreArea may comprise a variety of &%LandForms, such as dunes, sloughs, and marshes." (is-a LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Continent "One of the seven largest land masses on earth, viz. Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, Asia, and Oceania (also known by the &%Nation which is coextensive with the &%Continent - Australia)." (is-a LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Island "A &%LandArea that is completely surrounded by a &%WaterArea." (is-a LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Nation "The broadest &%GeopoliticalArea, i.e. &%Nations are &%GeopoliticalAreas that are not part of any other overarching and comprehensive governance structure (excepting commonwealths and other sorts of loose international organizations)." (is-a GeopoliticalArea LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass StateOrProvince "Administrative subdivisions of a &%Nation that are broader than any other political subdivisions that may exist. This &%Class includes the states of the United States, as well as the provinces of Canada and European countries." (is-a GeopoliticalArea LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass AmericanState "The class of states that make up the &%UnitedStates." (is-a StateOrProvince) (role concrete)) (defclass City "A &%LandArea of relatively small size, inhabited by a community of people, and having some sort of political structure. Note that this class includes both large cities and small settlements like towns, villages, hamlets, etc." (is-a GeopoliticalArea LandArea) (role concrete) (single-slot cityAddress_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%cityAddress ?CITY ?ADDRESS) means that the &%City ?CITY is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot capitalCity_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%capitalCity ?CITY ?REGION) means that the &%City ?CITY is the capital of the &%GeopoliticalArea ?REGION.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes GeopoliticalArea) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AmericanCity "The class of cities that are in the &%UnitedStates." (is-a City) (role concrete)) (defclass EuropeanCity "The class of cities that are in &%Europe." (is-a City) (role concrete)) (defclass Park "A publicly owned &%LandArea which is intended to be used for recreation and/or exercise." (is-a LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass County "A &%GeopoliticalArea that is a subdivision of a &%StateOrProvince." (is-a GeopoliticalArea LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Field "A &%LandArea that has been cleared of &%BotanicalTrees. Note that a &%Field is not necessarily used for the cultivation of crops and that a &%Field may be very small, e.g. &%Lawn is a subclass of &%Field." (is-a LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Lawn "A &%Field of cultivated and mowed &%Grass." (is-a Field) (role concrete)) (defclass Forest "&%Forest is the class of large &%LandAreas that are covered by trees and associated undergrowth, either growing wild or managed for the purpose of timber production." (is-a LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass LandForm "A &%LandForm is the class of geographically and/or geologically distinct areas that occur on Earth's surface, including mountains, hills, plains, valleys, deltas, and features of submerged land areas such as the ocean floor." (is-a LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass SlopedArea "A &%SlopedArea is a land surface which lies at an angle to the horizontal so that some points on it are higher than others; a slope." (is-a LandForm) (role concrete)) (defclass MilitaryFront "A &%GeographicArea along which opposing military forces confront one another in a &%Battle." (is-a GeographicArea) (role concrete)) (defclass AtmosphericRegion "&%AtmosphericRegion is the class of all subregions of &%EarthsAtmosphere." (is-a GeographicArea) (role concrete)) (defclass StormFront "The &%Region where two or more unstable air masses meet." (is-a AtmosphericRegion) (role concrete)) (defclass Transitway "&%Transitway is the broadest class of regions which may be passed through as a &%path in instances of &%Translocation. &%Transitway includes land, air, and sea regions, and it includes both natural and artificial transitways." (is-a Region SelfConnectedObject) (role concrete)) (defclass LandTransitway "&%LandTransitway is the subclass of &%Transitway that represents areas intended for motion over the ground." (is-a Transitway LandArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Roadway "&%Roadway is the subclass of &%LandTransitways that are areas intended for surface travel by self-powered, wheeled vehicles, excluding those that travel on tracks. &%Roadways have been at least minimally improved to enable the passage of vehicles. &%Roadways include dirt and gravelled roads, paved streets, and expressways." (is-a LandTransitway LandArea) (role concrete) (single-slot streetAddress_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%streetAddress ?STREET ?ADDRESS) means that the &%Roadway ?STREET is part of the address ?ADDRESS.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Address) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass SurfacedRoadway "&%SurfacedRoadway is the subclass of &%Roadways that have been improved by covering them with a substance to increase the hardness and smoothness of the surface. Covering materials include pavement, concrete, asphalt, macadam, and gravel." (is-a Roadway) (role concrete)) (defclass Expressway "&%Expressway is the subclass of &%SurfacedRoadways that are multiple-lane, limited-access highways designed for rapid travel by &%MotorVehicles." (is-a SurfacedRoadway) (role concrete)) (defclass UnsurfacedRoadway "&%UnsurfacedRoadway is the subclass of &%Roadways that have natural, unimproved surfaces of dirt or sand." (is-a Roadway) (role concrete)) (defclass Airport "&%Airport is the subclass of &%TransitTerminals for &%Airplanes (fixed-wing &%Aircraft)." (is-a TransitTerminal LandTransitway) (role concrete)) (defclass Runway "&%Runway is the class of &%Transitways that are used for the takeoff and landing of &%Airplanes. &%Runways are &%Transitways for an intermodal transit, which begins with a land transit and ends with air transit, or vice versa." (is-a LandTransitway) (role concrete)) (defclass Railway "&%Railway is the subclass of &%LandTransitways that have rails along which &%Trains may travel. A railway consists of the rail bed, sleepers, tracks, electric rails, switches, sensors, lights, crossing grades, and any other integral machinery or parts of a section of railway." (is-a LandTransitway StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Bridge "&%Bridge is the subclass of &%LandTransitways that are artifacts used for crossing water or air-filled gaps that could not be transited over a natural surface." (is-a LandTransitway StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Tunnel "&%Tunnel is a subclass of &%Transitways that consist of a lengthwise enclosed &%Hole that allows for transit underground, as through mountains, below a body of water, or beneath a city." (is-a LandTransitway StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass Pipeline "&%Pipeline is the class of pipelines used to transport various kinds of fluids." (is-a Transitway) (role concrete)) (defclass Waterway "&%Waterway is the class of navigable waters, including oceans, seaLanes, rivers, canals, lakes, and inland bodies of water." (is-a Transitway WaterArea) (role concrete)) (defclass Canal "&%Canal is the subclass of &%Waterways that are &%Artifacts constructed for the passage of &%Ships." (is-a Waterway StationaryArtifact) (role concrete)) (defclass SpaceRegion "The class of all &%Regions which are not &%GeographicAreas." (is-a Region) (role concrete)) (defclass OuterSpaceRegion "The class of all &%Regions which are neither &%GeographicAreas nor &%AtmosphericRegions." (is-a SpaceRegion) (role concrete)) (defclass Atmosphere "&%Atmosphere is a mixture of gases surrounding any celestial object that has a gravitational field strong enough to prevent the gases from escaping." (is-a Region) (role concrete)) (defclass %28WhereFn+Physical+TimePoint+%29 "\"Maps an &%Object and a &%TimePoint at which the &%Object exists to the &%Region where the &%Object existed at that &%TimePoint.\"" (is-a Region) (role concrete)) (defclass Address "A &%RelationalAttribute that indicates an address where an &%Agent can regularly be contacted." (is-a RelationalAttribute Location) (role concrete) (multislot hasPostalCode_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPostalCode is not exactly the inverse of relation postalCode because the code value is a string, not an integer.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PostOfficeCode) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass InternetLocation "The InternetLocation is a location in the abstract space of the Internet -- it can be a domain, a directory, or a file -- whether or not it is accessible at any one time." (is-a Location) (role concrete) (multislot hasAbstractName_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractName relates an instance of an entity to an abstract string of linguistic characters used to reference the entity in linguistic communication. This is closely related to hasName, the value of which is a SymbolicString (a physical object) as domain 2. This is not the inverse of the SUMO relation 'names', since the SUMO relation has a physical object as domain 1. The hasAbstractName relation is not a necessary relation since not every entity is named by a AbstractString and not every AbstractString is the label for an entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString URL) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass FileInternetLocation "The InternetLocation of a ComputerFile." (is-a InternetLocation) (role concrete)) (defclass CodeListURI "A CodeListURI is the URI for the internet location, if any, of a CodeListType, which has the propositional content CodeStandard." (is-a FileInternetLocation) (role concrete) (multislot isaLocationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaLocationOf points to a location where an object (Abstract or Physical) may be located. Since this can be used of abstract objects such as abstract texts, there may be more than one location for such an object. Physical objects may have necessary locations. This is the inverse of hasLocation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListTypeText CodeListTypeText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractObject "AbstractObject can be a useful concept for things that have abstract locations, such as conceptual objects in an abstract space." (is-a Abstract Location) (role concrete) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Location) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass SomethingUseful "SomethingUseful can be any entity, an object, process, event, procedure, theory, that a CognitiveAgent uses to accomplish a goal." (is-a Entity) (role concrete) (multislot isUsedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isUsedIn relates a useful thing - concrete or abstract to the Process in which it is used by some unspecified CognitiveAgent who uses it in that process. See related relation 'uses', specifying an object used by an Agent in an unspecified process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IntentionalProcess) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractInformationalEntity "An AbstractInformationalEntity is any abstract entity that carries information that can be interpreted by a cognitive agent (possibly with the use of tools such as a computer). It can be a simple abstract symbol, or a complex concatenation of propositions. It is any form of abstract information in a symbolic form that can be represented in a physical object and interpreted by IntelligentAgents. This symbolic information refers to another entity, but is not itself the entity it refers to." (is-a AbstractObject SomethingUseful) (role concrete) (multislot isTheInformationalContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isTheInformationalContentOf is the relation between a Proposition and the MentalEntity it corresponds to. The entity can be abstract or concrete.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes MentalEntity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Communication "A Communication is the product of the process of Communicating. It is an Proposition which could have been conveyed by a text or a non-textual signal. It has one or more authors and an audience -- i.e. an agent or group of agents to whom it is directed. For some Communications, e.g. general publications or novels, the audience may be the entire human race. Note that the process of Communicating has an experiencer -- but an experiencer is not necessarily a member of the audience to whom the communication is addressed; an intercepted private communication provides an example. Therefore thereis a need for a special relation describing the audience to whom a communication is directed. Note that this is the abstract content of a communication, which may be realized as a series of sound waves or electromagnetic waves or gestures, or in some fixed medium such as text of a CD-ROM; the realization may be a physical object or an event." (is-a AbstractInformationalEntity Proposition) (role concrete) (multislot hasIntendedAudience_S ;+ (comment "\"hasIntendedAudience relates a Communication, which is an abstract Proposition, to the audience to whom the author of the Communication has directed it. This is not necessarily identical to the group of agents that read or experience the communication. The intended audiences of subclasses of Communication may be more restricted. See class 'Message'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AgentGroup) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAuthors_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAuthors relates a Communication to the Agent or Agents that created it. This is not directly the inverse of relation 'authors' because that relation relates a physical text to its authors, however there is a direct implied relation from authors to hasAuthors. The implication is not bidirectional, however, as the domain of hasAuthors includes the content of a speech, which is an event, whereas authors relates only physical objects to their originators.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AgentGroup) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isUsedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isUsedIn relates a useful thing - concrete or abstract to the Process in which it is used by some unspecified CognitiveAgent who uses it in that process. See related relation 'uses', specifying an object used by an Agent in an unspecified process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Communicating) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Message "Message is a Communication which is an AbstractText and for which the intended audience is an instance of Addressees, group corresponding to a specified list of CognitiveAgents and the distribution is restricted to those agents, i.e. it is not a broadcast or a publication which is intended to be read by anyone who chances upon it. There may be cases where an author publishes a book and writes it for understanding by a particular audience, but if its distribution is not restricted it is not a Message." (is-a Communication) (role concrete) (multislot hasIntendedAudience_S ;+ (comment "\"hasIntendedAudience relates a Communication, which is an abstract Proposition, to the audience to whom the author of the Communication has directed it. This is not necessarily identical to the group of agents that read or experience the communication. The intended audiences of subclasses of Communication may be more restricted. See class 'Message'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Addressees) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass BusinessMessage "A BusinessMessage is a Message used to conduct a business goal, commonly in purchasing and sales, but any business goal can be a purpose." (is-a Message) (role concrete) (multislot isUsedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isUsedIn relates a useful thing - concrete or abstract to the Process in which it is used by some unspecified CognitiveAgent who uses it in that process. See related relation 'uses', specifying an object used by an Agent in an unspecified process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes BusinessProcess) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass TelephoneOrderProposition "A TelephoneOrderProposition is the propositional content of a telephone conversation or part of a telephone conversation in which a product or service was ordered. This is directly related to a TelephoneOrder, a physical event with the same propositional content." (is-a BusinessMessage) (role concrete)) (defclass Assertion "An Assertion is a Communication which describes a state of affairs and asserts that the state holds. It may have the value of true or false. Assertions usually are simple, describing one fact, but may be more complex, i.e. may be composed of multiple assertions. An Assertion is a communication from one IntelligentAgent to another. This is the abstract propositional content of a SUMO physical 'Statement'." (is-a Communication) (role concrete) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Statement) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasModalAttribute_S ;+ (comment "\"This is a relation analogous to the SUMO &%modalObligation, but applying to abstract assertions rather than physical Formulas as in SUMO. A &%BinaryRelation that is used to state the normative force of a &%Proposition. (&%hasModalAttribute ?Assertion ?PROP) means that the &%Proposition expressed by ?Assertion has the &%NormativeAttribute ?PROP. For example, (&%hasModalAttribute (&%exists (?ACT ?OBJ) (&%and (&%instance ?ACT &%Giving) (&%agent ?ACT John) (&%patient ?ACT ?OBJ) (&%destination ?ACT Tom))) &%Obligatory) means that John is obligated to give Tom something.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NormativeAttribute) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsInContext_S ;+ (comment "\"holdsInContext means that there is some context in which a particular assertion is true. The context can be a real-world context, a fictional context, a hypothetical context, etc.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Context) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Argument "Any proposition which has the form of a deductive or inductive argument, i.e. a set of premises which, it is claimed, imply a conclusion." (is-a Assertion) (role concrete) (single-slot PremisesFn_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%PremisesFn ?ARGUMENT) returns the complete set of &%premises of the &%Argument ?ARGUMENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot premise_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%premise ?ARGUMENT ?PROPOSITION) means that the &%Proposition ?PROPOSITION is an explicit assumption of the &%Argument ?ARGUMENT.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot conclusion_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%conclusion ?ARGUMENT ?PROPOSITION) means that the &%Proposition ?PROPOSITION is the conclusion explicitly drawn from the &%Argument ?ARGUMENT. Note that it may or may not be the case that ?ARGUMENT &%entails ?PROPOSITION.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass DeductiveArgument "An &%Argument which has the form of a deduction, i.e. it is claimed that the set of &%premises &%entails the &%conclusion." (is-a Argument) (role concrete)) (defclass ValidDeductiveArgument "A &%DeductiveArgument which is valid, i.e. the set of &%premises in fact &%entails the &%conclusion." (is-a DeductiveArgument) (role concrete)) (defclass InvalidDeductiveArgument "&%DeductiveArguments that are not &%ValidDeductiveArguments, i.e. it is not the case that the set of &%premises in fact &%entails the &%conclusion." (is-a DeductiveArgument) (role concrete)) (defclass Explanation "An &%Argument where the conclusion is an observed fact and the premises are other facts which collectively imply the conclusion. Note that this is the they hypothetico-deductive model of explanation." (is-a DeductiveArgument) (role concrete)) (defclass LegalOpinion "An &%Argument that explains the reasoning behind a &%LegalDecision." (is-a Argument) (role concrete)) (defclass LegalContract "A LegalContract is a Proposition consisting of a pair of promises, each conditioned upon the other." (is-a Assertion DocumentalProposition) (role concrete) (multislot property_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%Predicate holds between an instance of &%Entity and an instance of &%Attribute. (property ?ENTITY ?ATTR) means that ?ENTITY has the &%Attribute ?ATTR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) ;+ (value [Contractual]) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot agreementMember_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%agreementMember ?Agreement ?Agent) means that ?Agent is one of the participants of the &%Contract ?Agreement.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass FinancialAccount "A formal banking, brokerage, or business relationship established to provide for regular services, dealings, and other financial transactions." (is-a LegalContract) (role concrete) (multislot maturityDate_S ;+ (comment "\"The date on which the principal amount of the account becomes due and payable.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Day) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot interestEarned_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%interestEarned ?Account ?Interest ?Period) means that ?Interest is the amount earned on the &%FinancialAccount ?Account, for the &%TimeInterval ?Period.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot securedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"Assets pledged by a borrower to secure a loan or other credit, and subject to seizure in the event of &%FinancialDefault.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Collateral) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot accountHolder_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%accountHolder ?Account ?Agent) means that ?Agent is the account holder of the &%FinancialAccount ?Account.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CognitiveAgent) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot financialAccount_S ;+ (comment "\"A formal banking, brokerage, or business relationship established to provide for regular services, dealings, and other financial transactions. (&%accountAt ?ACCOUNT ?ORG) means that ?ACCOUNT is a financial account opened at the &%FinancialOrganization ?ORG.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FinancialOrganization) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot agreementPeriod_S ;+ (comment "\"agreementPeriod specifies the time interval duing which an agreement is in force. In SUMO it has been applied only to financial accounts, but the relation itself was not defined. It is added to legalize the axiom below. - PJC 3-5-04.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot principalAmount_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%principalAmount ?ACCOUNT ?BALANCE) means that ?BALANCE is the amount originally borrowed (excluding interest).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot currentAccountBalance_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%currentAccountBalance ?Account ?Date ?Amount) means that ?Amount is the balance of the &%FinancialAccount ?Account as of the date ?Date.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot amountDue_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%amountDue ?ACCOUNT ?AMOUNT ?DATE) means ?DATE is the date on which the amount of Money ?AMOUNT of a particular ?ACCOUNT is due and payable\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot periodicPayment_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%periodicPayment ?Account ?Amount ?Period) holds if ?Amount is the amount that must be made from the &%FinancialAccount ?Account after every period of duration ?Period.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeDuration) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass DepositAccount "An account where money is deposited for checking, savings or brokerage use." (is-a FinancialAccount) (role concrete)) (defclass CheckingAccount "A bank account against which the depositor can draw checks" (is-a DepositAccount) (role concrete)) (defclass %28AccountFn+FinancialInstrument%29 "\"A function that takes a financial instrument and returns a FinancialAccount which is repesented by that instrument. This function is mentioned but not defined in SUM 1.56 or MILO -PJC 3-5-04.\"" (is-a FinancialAccount) (role concrete)) (defclass NormativeProposition "A Proposition that asserts that you should or should not do something. This may be asserted by some agent, but may have no force or no agreement from other agents. Such an ineffective assertion might be, for example, 'If you don't eat your spinach, the boogieman will get you'." (is-a Assertion) (role concrete)) (defclass Rule "A Rule is a set of one or more NormativePropositions that are issued by some Agent which is considered by some group of agents to be as an authority --not necessarily a legal authority, it can be very informal, such as an agreement among a group of people. Failing to adhere to a Rule need not have any negative consequences, but typically there is some negative consequence, which may be minimal, so most Rules are also Obligations. A formalistic grammatical rule (which is often violated without loss of comprehensibility) may be an example of a rule with no consequences for violation." (is-a NormativeProposition) (role concrete)) (defclass Obligation "An obligation is a Rule stating that a certain act, if not performed by a cognitive agent, leads to some potential negative consequence -- a 'Sanction', which may be an event, state, or process. The sanction may not actually be imposed -- one can get away with crimes-- but it must cause some negative state -- e.g. the potential for being imprisoned is itself a negative. Potential danger is also considered a negative state. Obligations must be imposed by some authority: legal obligations are imposed by a legal authority, moral obligations are imposed by a moral authority, which can be the obligated agent - if an agent imposes rules on him/herself, the resulting negative effect for violation will be pangs of conscience. . SUMO NOTE: the SUMO Attribute 'Obligation' has been renamed 'Obligatory'. Note that individual may disagree as to whether something is or is not an obligation. A rule may only be a desideratum of some agent, with no real sanctions attached, in which case it is not an obligation. ======== Morality: moral rules have no objective basis but they achieve force by being agreed to by some community. Communities try to impose the dominant morality on the whole community. some members may reject the dominant consensus Is a rule of the community an obligation to all, or only to those who agree to the rules? If the community enforces its rules by some sanction, it is an obligation If a member accepts the rule, it is a moral obligation, and the sanction is conscience if there is no enforcement and member does not accept the rule, it is not an obligation." (is-a Rule) (role concrete)) (defclass Specification "A Specification is a set of Rules prescribing how something must be done in order to achieve a desired result. This is a very general concept. It includes natural-language grammars and computer programs as well as industrial manufacturing procedures. It is a TextualProposition, and therefore needs to be encoded as text in some physical object at some time." (is-a Rule TextualProposition SomethingUseful) (role concrete) (multislot specifiesProcess_S ;+ (comment "\"Each type of Specification specifies a type of process, which is the realization of that specification. Thus a play or screenplay specifies a process of acting. (specifiesProcess ?SPECCLASS ?PROCCLASS) means that every instance ?PROC of ?PROCCLASS that is related to a specification by the realization relation (realization ?PROC ?SPEC) is a realization of some instance of ?SPECCLASS. This is not a necessary relation (TotalValuedRelation) because there may be specifications for processes which are never executed.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Process) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Procedure "A sequence-dependent specification. Some examples are &%ComputerPrograms, finite-state machines, cooking recipes, musical scores, conference schedules, driving directions, and the scripts of plays and movies." (is-a Proposition Specification) (role concrete)) (defclass ComputerProgram "A set of instructions in a computer programming language that can be executed by a computer." (is-a Procedure) (role concrete)) (defclass Plan "A specification of a sequence of &%Processes which is intended to satisfy a specified purpose at some future time." (is-a Procedure) (role concrete) (multislot subPlan_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subPlan ?PLAN1 ?PLAN2) means that ?PLAN1 is a &%Plan which is a proper part of ?PLAN2. This relation is generally used to relate a supporting &%Plan to the overall &%Plan in a particular context.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Plan) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass EducationalProgram "A series of &%EducationalCourses that must be completed to receive an &%AcademicDegree or other &%Certificate. Note that an &%EducationalProgram, unlike an &%EducationalCourse, may be realized at more than one &%EducationalOrganization." (is-a Plan) (role concrete)) (defclass EducationalCourse "A schedule of class meetings offered by an &%EducationalOrganization." (is-a EducationalProgram) (role concrete)) (defclass EncodingProcedure "An EncodingProcedure is a specification of how information is to be represented so that the content can be recovered from the encoded form." (is-a Specification) (role concrete)) (defclass EncryptionProcedure "An EncryptionProcedure is a specification of how information in a human-recognizable form is to be represented so that the content cannot be recovered without knowledge of the decryption method. The decryption method may or may not be deducible from knowledge external to the encrypted data." (is-a EncodingProcedure) (role concrete)) (defclass FormatSpecification "A FormatSpecification is a specification for a spatial arrangement of information, which may be linear or higher-dimensional. The spatial relations between component entities in a Format may or may not contain information not otherwise encoded. A simple layout Format will not usually have information encoded in the arrangement of the components." (is-a EncodingProcedure) (role concrete)) (defclass Grammar "A Grammar is a set of rules regarding how symbols may be combined so as to form meaningful combinations. This includes natural-language grammars and formal grammars." (is-a Specification) (role concrete)) (defclass Standard "A Standard is a set of assertions that, in order to achieve some specified interoperability, an object must be designed with certain properties or must behave in a certain manner. A standard is promulgated and maintained by a StandardsAuthority, which may be relatively informal such as a group that agrees to do certain things a certain way." (is-a Specification) (role concrete) (multislot isMaintainedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isMaintainedBy is used to assert that a particular instance of an entity can be modified in some way, and specifies the agent who has the authority or responsibility to do the modifying. In this relation, the method of modifying is unspecified. The entity maintained can be physical, such as a building maintained by its owner or manager, or an AbstractCode, maintained by a StandardsAuthority. In the general case, there may be more than one maintaining agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes StandardsAuthority) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeStandard "The SMINK correlate of UBL CodeList.Type. This is a text with subtexts, including a SMINK AbstractCodeList, which is the actual list of code symbols and their associated definitions. A CodeStandard contains other information, such as version and referents to the agency that promulgates or maintains the code standard." (is-a Standard) (role concrete) (multislot hasAbstractName_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractName relates an instance of an entity to an abstract string of linguistic characters used to reference the entity in linguistic communication. This is closely related to hasName, the value of which is a SymbolicString (a physical object) as domain 2. This is not the inverse of the SUMO relation 'names', since the SUMO relation has a physical object as domain 1. The hasAbstractName relation is not a necessary relation since not every entity is named by a AbstractString and not every AbstractString is the label for an entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListName) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeDefinition "A CodeDefinition is the propositional content of a CodeDefinitionText, consisting of two elements, each of which has a textual representation: (1) an abstract Code, which is an AbstractSymbol referring to some other entity; (2) a proposition definining the code. The proposition describes the entity to which the code refers (and may describe the circumstances for using the code). This list is related to two other entities (a) the CodeList which the CodeDefinition is an element of; and (b) the language of the code. Its implied propositional content is the assertion that these correspondences of code and meaning are required for interoperability among those agents using the code in some activity." (is-a Specification) (role concrete) (multislot usesLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"(usesLanguage ?EXP ?LANG) means that ?EXP is a valid expression or combination of expressions of the language ?LANG, and contains propositional content. This relation is similar to the SUMO expressedInLanguage, but the SUMO relation has physical objects as its domain 1, rather than abstract objects.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractLanguage AbstractLanguage) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inList_S ;+ (comment "\"The analog of &%element and &%instance for &%Lists. (&%inList ?OBJ ?LIST) means that ?OBJ is in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%inList &%Tuesday (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would be true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List AbstractCodeList) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot subProposition_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%subProposition ?PROP1 ?PROP2) means that ?PROP1 is a &%Proposition which is a proper part of the &%Proposition ?PROP2. In other words, &%subProposition is the analogue of &%properPart for chunks of abstract content.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Proposition CodeStandard) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass IdentifierDefinition "A IdentifierDefinition is the propositional content of a IdentifierDefinitionText, consisting of two elements, each of which has a textual representation: (1) an abstract Identifier, which is an AbstractSymbol referring to some other entity; (2) a proposition defining the Identifier. The proposition describes the entity to which the Identifier refers (and may describe the circumstances for using the Identifier). This list is related to two other entities (a) the IdentifierList which the IdentifierDefinition is an element of; and (b) the language of the code. Its implied propositional content is the assertion that these correspondences of Identifier and meaning are required for interoperability among those agents using the Identifier in some activity. An Identifier may be defined and used by only a single Agent and is not necessarily part of a formal standard." (is-a Specification) (role concrete) (multislot usesLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"(usesLanguage ?EXP ?LANG) means that ?EXP is a valid expression or combination of expressions of the language ?LANG, and contains propositional content. This relation is similar to the SUMO expressedInLanguage, but the SUMO relation has physical objects as its domain 1, rather than abstract objects.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractLanguage AbstractLanguage) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot inList_S ;+ (comment "\"The analog of &%element and &%instance for &%Lists. (&%inList ?OBJ ?LIST) means that ?OBJ is in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%inList &%Tuesday (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would be true.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes List IdentifierList) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass IdentifierSchemeProposition "An IdentifierSchemeProposition is the propositional content of an IdentifierListText, which is an abstract text. This proposition states explicitly or implicitly that a particular list of identifiers should be used in some context or process to achieve some form of interoperability of different information processing activities. The scheme contains an identifier list, which does not have to be a UniqueList." (is-a Specification) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractLinguisticExpression "Any linguistic elements in their abstract form." (is-a AbstractInformationalEntity) (role concrete) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LinguisticExpression) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot usesLanguage_S ;+ (comment "\"(usesLanguage ?EXP ?LANG) means that ?EXP is a valid expression or combination of expressions of the language ?LANG, and contains propositional content. This relation is similar to the SUMO expressedInLanguage, but the SUMO relation has physical objects as its domain 1, rather than abstract objects.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractLanguage) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextFormat_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextFormat relates an AbstractLinguisticExpression to the format in which it is arranged.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextFormat) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractLanguage "An AbstractLanguage is the abstract informational entity which is thought of as a language, natural or artificial. This is the abstract correlate of the SUMO Physical Object labeled 'Language'. It is any language, natural or artificial, viewed as the abstract set of vocabulary and grammatical rules. this includes dialects." (is-a AbstractLinguisticExpression) (role concrete) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Language Language) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Language) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractText "An AbstractText is an AbstractInformationalEntity containing at least some linguistic elements, though image and musical elements may be included. A song is an AbstractText. It is not necessarily a Proposition - AbstractTexts that are propositions are found in the subclass TextualProposition." (is-a AbstractLinguisticExpression) (role concrete) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasPropositionalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPropositionalContent is the relation between an AbstractText and the Proposition it represents.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextualProposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasVersionNumber_S ;+ (comment "\"hasVersionNumber associates a number with the name of a conceptual work and the abstract text of the work. Typically there will besome physical embodiment (representation) of the conceptual work which bears the number. A VersionNumberString may contain letters as well as numbers, but if it is not a real number, at this point (samin011) the time sequence of versions cannot be related to the string.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes VersionNumberString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isTheInformationalContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isTheInformationalContentOf is the relation between a Proposition and the MentalEntity it corresponds to. The entity can be abstract or concrete.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes MentalText) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass DescriptiveText "A DescriptiveText is the AbstractText representation of a proposition that is intended to explain a relatively restricted concept or object. It has one central theme and can be considered as a description of that theme. It is very flexible and can vary from a brief definition to an encylopedia-length article, provided that it sticks pretty closely to a single theme." (is-a AbstractText) (role concrete)) (defclass Definition "A Definition is a structured AbstractText that has term string (which may be more than one word), and a definition of that term." (is-a DescriptiveText) (role concrete)) (defclass IdentifierDefinitionText "A IdentifierDefinitionText is a text containing an identifier string (the Identifier) and a descriptive text (the IdentifierDefiningText) explaining the intended meaning and possibly also usage of the identifier string. This is the abstract textual representation of the IdentifierDefinition, which is a proposition." (is-a Definition) (role concrete) (multislot hasPropositionalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPropositionalContent is the relation between an AbstractText and the Proposition it represents.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextualProposition IdentifierDefinition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText Identifier IdentifierDefiningText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeDefinitionText "A CodeDefinitionText is a text containing a code string (the AbstractCodeString) and a descriptive text (the CodeNameText) explaining the intended meaning and possibly also usage of the code string. This is the abstract textual representation of the CodeDefinition, which is a proposition." (is-a IdentifierDefinitionText) (role concrete) (multislot hasPropositionalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPropositionalContent is the relation between an AbstractText and the Proposition it represents.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextualProposition CodeDefinition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText AbstractCodeString CodeNameText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass IdentifierDefiningText "A IdentifierDefiningText is a text accompanying an Identifier (a string) within a IdentifierDefinitionText, and which contains a definition of the accompanying identifier." (is-a DescriptiveText) (role concrete)) (defclass CodeNameText "A CodeNameText is an AbstractText that accompanies a code symbol, and explains in language what the symbol is intended to refer to." (is-a DescriptiveText) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractFormattedText "A text with at least two components in a particular arrangement. See also AbstractDocument." (is-a AbstractText) (role concrete) (multislot hasTextPartition_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextPartition asserts that an AbstractFormattedText is composed of immediate subdivisions and every subtext of that text is one of those subdivisions or a part of one of those subdivisions. In most cases, those subdivisions will be composed of disjoint classes, but at this time that condition is not included in the definition. Note that this relation is required because a necessary assertion that a text is composed only of specific subtexts using the (necessarily Text hasaTextComponent (UnionFn . . .)) would preclude existence of any text subcomponents in that text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextComponentList) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ExpirationDateText "An ExpirationDateText specifies explicitly or in abbreviated form the day on which some condition expires, such as validity of a credit card. The ExpirationDateText may contain only a specified year or year and month, in which case it is the end of the year or end of the month which is the implied meaning of the date." (is-a AbstractFormattedText) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractDocument "A AbstractDocument is an AbstractFormattedText with at least two different AbstractText components. The document expresses at least one proposition" (is-a AbstractFormattedText) (role concrete) (multislot hasPropositionalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPropositionalContent is the relation between an AbstractText and the Proposition it represents.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DocumentalProposition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DocumentalProposition) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass TransactionMessage "A TransactionMessage is an AbstractDocument transmitted in the course of purchasing and sales." (is-a AbstractDocument) (role concrete) (multislot isUsedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isUsedIn relates a useful thing - concrete or abstract to the Process in which it is used by some unspecified CognitiveAgent who uses it in that process. See related relation 'uses', specifying an object used by an Agent in an unspecified process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FinancialTransaction) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractOrder "UBL: A document that contains information directly relating to the economic event of ordering products." (is-a TransactionMessage) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractInvoice "UBL: the document that describes the financial commitment of the Order." (is-a TransactionMessage) (role concrete) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Invoice) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText InvoiceLine LegalTotalsText) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Invoice) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractOrderChange "UBL: A document that contains information directly relating to the economic event of changing an order." (is-a TransactionMessage) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractOrderResponseSimple "UBL: The document responding to the Buyer to indicate simple acceptance or rejection of the entire Order." (is-a TransactionMessage) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractOrderResponse "UBL: The document responding to the Buyer to indicate detailed responses against a single Order." (is-a TransactionMessage) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractOrderCancellation "UBL: The document that advises either party of the cancellation of an Order." (is-a TransactionMessage) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractDespatchAdvice "UBL: The document that describes the content of goods shipped." (is-a TransactionMessage) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractReceiptAdvice "UBL: The document that advises the goods received and accepted by the buyer." (is-a TransactionMessage) (role concrete)) (defclass StandardSpecificationDocument "A StandardSpecificationDocument is a document describing the specification of a standard. It may contain texts representing lists, such as identifier lists or code lists." (is-a AbstractDocument) (role concrete) (multislot conformsToSpecification_S ;+ (comment "\"conformsToSpecification relates a specific abstract text of a specification to the general scheme that describes how to create a specification of that type.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes StandardSpecificationSchemeDocument) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass IdentificationScheme "An IdentificationScheme is a document specifying a list of unique identifiers, references to the agent that maintains the list, a pointer to the list itself, and potentially other attributes of the list. There may be informal identification schemes without any formal specifications." (is-a StandardSpecificationDocument) (role concrete) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText IdentifierListText Identifier) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeStandardText "A CodeStandardText is the AbstractText representation of the propositional content of a Code Standard, and has direct correlation with the physical documents that represent the code standard. The propositional content of the CodeStandardText is contained in a CodeStandard. This corresponds to UBL Code.List.Scheme.Type." (is-a IdentificationScheme) (role concrete) (multislot hasPropositionalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPropositionalContent is the relation between an AbstractText and the Proposition it represents.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeStandard CodeStandard) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText IdentifierListText Identifier CodeListText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass StandardSpecificationSchemeDocument "A StandardSpecificationSchemeDocument is a document describing the manner for creating a standard of a particular type." (is-a AbstractDocument) (role concrete)) (defclass IdentificationSchemeDocument "An IdentificationSchemeDocument is a document specifying the manner of creating an Identification Scheme. There may be informal identification schemes without any formal specifications." (is-a StandardSpecificationSchemeDocument) (role concrete)) (defclass StructuredDocumentText "A StructuredDocumentText the AbstractText representation of the propositional content of a DocumentPhysical, having at least two different AbstractText components." (is-a AbstractFormattedText) (role concrete) (multislot hasPropositionalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasPropositionalContent is the relation between an AbstractText and the Proposition it represents.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TextualProposition DocumentalProposition) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeListTypeText "A CodeListTypeText is a document that is not itself a code list nor a complete code specification, but has information about and pointers to a code list and the specification that describes the code list. This is intended to correspond to the UBL Code.List.Type, but the description of that concept is somewhat ambiguous and this identifaction may change. (PJC 030104)." (is-a StructuredDocumentText) (role concrete) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText CodeListText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass IdentifierListText "A IdentifierListText is the AbstractText representation of an Identifier List. There may or may not exist any physical documents that represent the text, except what is in the mind of an individual." (is-a StructuredDocumentText) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes IdentifierList IdentifierList) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeListText "A CodeListText is the abstract text representation of a list of codes, i.e. a list of abstract texts each consisting of a code string and a description of the meaning (and/or usage) of the code string. It is a necessary component of a CodeListTypeText." (is-a IdentifierListText) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractString "The abstract notion of a String of abstract character symbols. This is the abstract equivalent of a SymbolicString, which in SUMO is a physical object. This concept is the string itself, and is not the referent entity that the string symbolizes. The abstract String represented by the characters 'cat', for example, may have many concrete references in large numbers of physical documents, but each of these physical strings will represent a single conceptual symbol, the abstract symbol represented by the physical symbol 'cat', which abstract symbol in turn refers to a specific type of physical object. It does not necessarily refer to a specific physical object, but may refer to the class of cats, depending on the context in which the symbol occurs." (is-a AbstractText) (role concrete) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasProperPart_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasProperPart ?WHOLE ?PART) specifies that ?Part is a part of ?WHOLE and there is some other entity that is also a part of ?WHOLE. If a ?WHOLE is located somewhere, the ?PART is also located there. The manner of connection of the ?PART to the other parts of the ?WHOLE is unspecified. This is required to specify parts of entities other than physical objects, as the SUMO 'part' relations have 'Object' as their argument 1.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractCharacter) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractYearText "An AbstractYearText must contain a number and may contain an era - 40 BC or 2004 AD, or 1993. Abnormal-looking dates (such as 345 without an era) must be caught by the implementation with respect to the context." (is-a AbstractString) (role concrete) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText AbstractYearNumberText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractYearNumberText "An AbstractYearNumberText is a numeric string specifying some year, without any era information." (is-a AbstractString) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractNumericString "A AbstractNumericString is an abstract string of characters representing a number." (is-a AbstractString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Number) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextFormat_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextFormat relates an AbstractLinguisticExpression to the format in which it is arranged.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NumericFormat NumericFormat) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes NumericString) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass RealNumberString "A RealNumberString is a string of mostly numeric characters that represent a real number. Certain alphabetical characters may be present in a RealNumberString depending on format, such as in scientific notation 6.023 E23 could represent Avogadro's Number." (is-a AbstractNumericString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes RealNumber) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass DocumentFieldString "A DocumentFieldString is an AbstractString which is located within a defined field in an AbstractDocument." (is-a AbstractString) (role concrete) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isUsedIn_S ;+ (comment "\"isUsedIn relates a useful thing - concrete or abstract to the Process in which it is used by some unspecified CognitiveAgent who uses it in that process. See related relation 'uses', specifying an object used by an Agent in an unspecified process.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Communicating) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractDateTimeText "An AbstractDateTimeText is an AbstractText that contains both date and time strings." (is-a AbstractFormattedText DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasComponentList_S ;+ (comment "\"hasComponentList specifies a list of entity classes which may or may not be present as components of the whole entity. The list must be an exhaustive list, but it can contain an 'other' category. Every instance of the first argument must have at least one proper part which is an instance of one of the classes in the Component List\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DateAndTimeList) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextFormat_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextFormat relates an AbstractLinguisticExpression to the format in which it is arranged.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DateTimeFormat) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString AbstractDateText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractDateText "An AbstractDateText is an AbstractText specifying some specific day in some date era." (is-a AbstractFormattedText DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextFormat_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextFormat relates an AbstractLinguisticExpression to the format in which it is arranged.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DateFormat) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractTimeText "An AbstractTimeText is an AbstractText specifying a time of day. It may be in twelve-hour or twenty-four hour format." (is-a AbstractFormattedText DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot isAbstractContentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isAbstractContentOf relates some information content to a physical object which represents that content. This is the inverse of hasAbstractContent, which see. See also 'hasInformationalContent'.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasTextFormat_S ;+ (comment "\"hasTextFormat relates an AbstractLinguisticExpression to the format in which it is arranged.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeFormat) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass InvoiceLine "InvoiceLine is an abstract string containing the textual content of one line item of an invoice. It contains a reference to the item ordered as well as other information relevant to the item, such as quantity and base price. This is necessarily a part of an abstract invoice. UBL: information directly relating to a line item of a transaction. It identifies the item but only includes details about the item that are pertinent to one occurrence on a line item, e.g. quantity etc.; an invoice has one or more invoice lines." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString InvoiceLineIdText InvoiceLineQuantityText ExtensionAmountText LineItemBasePrice) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractInvoice AbstractInvoice) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass InvoiceLineDescriptiveText "The InvoiceLineDescriptiveText is the abstract text field within an InvoiceLine containing the seller's description of the item shipped or service supplied. This may not be identical to the description used by the buyer. UBL: associates the invoice line with information directly relating to an item (article, product, goods item or service)." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument InvoiceLine) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass InvoiceLineQuantityText "InvoiceLineQuantityText is the abstract text string within an invoice line item that specifies the quantity (number or number of units) of the type of item described in this invoice line, that was delivered and is being billed for. UBL: the quantity of the item being invoiced on this invoice line." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument InvoiceLine) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass LineItemBasePrice "The price per unit for the item in one invoice line, provided by the seller. This price times the quantity in that line is the extension amount in the line. The unit whose price is quoted may be mentioned explicitly, or if implicit will be a count of individual items, or a single instance of a service. UBL: associates the invoice line with the base price for the item." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString AmountType) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument InvoiceLine) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AmountType "An AmountType is a string specifying a number of monetary units, as part of a document." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CurrencyMeasure) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ExtensionAmountText "An abstract text field representing the extension (base price times quantity) for one line item in an invoice. The equivalent of UBL 'Line.Extension.Amount'. UBL: the monetary amount that is the total for the line item, including any pricing variation (allowances, charges or discounts) but not adjusted by any overall payment settlement discount or taxation. (equals BasePrice multiplied by Quantity). The total sum of all extension amounts is one of the components of the LegalTotals." (is-a AmountType DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument InvoiceLine) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass BasePriceAmount "A DocumentFieldString specific to an invoice, stating the price per unit for one line item. A unit price. UBL: specifies the base price." (is-a AmountType) (role concrete) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes BasePriceText BasePriceText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass LineExtensionTotal "The sum of all of the extension amounts in the line items of an invoice. UBL: the total of line item extension amounts for the entire invoice, but not adjusted by an +R204y payment settlement discount or taxation." (is-a AmountType) (role concrete) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LegalTotalsText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AmountDue "The sum of all of the extension amounts in the line items of an invoice, including taxes. UBL: the total that is to be paid for this invoice, including all taxes, but not adjusted by any payment settlement discount or possible penalty charges." (is-a AmountType) (role concrete) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LegalTotalsText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass BasePriceText "A DocumentFieldString specific to an invoice, stating at least the price per quantity unit for one line item, and potentially other information such as the number of units on which the base price is predicated, maximum and minimum quantities required. This information may occur in several types of transaction document. UBL: information that directly relates to a base price for an object." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument TransactionMessage) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString BasePriceAmount) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass LegalTotalsText "One or more amounts of currency due, stated in an invoice in a manner adequate to create a legally binding demand. Note that in the propositions above, the AmountDue and the LineExtensionTotal may be the same text string. UBL: Calculated amounts that are required on an invoice for legal purposes. (Note: totals required for taxation purposes are under tax totals). Associates the invoice with a set of totals required for the invoice to be a legal document. **NOTE** this may be a set of currency amounts, rather than one. It may be modified depending on clarification - 022504." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractInvoice) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasaTextComponent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasaTextComponent relates an AbstractText to one or more AbstractTexts contained within the document. It is a TotalValuedRelation, so every AbstractText has at last one AbstractText in it. The text component can be as short as one word, e.g. a brief memo or an image with a label.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString LineExtensionTotal AmountDue) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass QuantityType "A QuantityType is a string specifying a number of units of objects, potentially including fractions." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ConstantQuantity) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AmountCurrencyType "An AmountCurrencyType is a string specifying a monetary unit." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfCurrency) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MeasureType "An MeasureUnit is a string specifying a unit of measure." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ConstantQuantity) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MeasureUnitType "An MeasureUnit is a string specifying a unit of measure." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass QuantityUnitType "A QuantityUnitType is a string specifying some kind of unit of measure. The UBL specification is vague, and it appears intended to refer to units of items being ordered on a line item, therefore the unit might be any individual object. But in SUMO concrete objects would not qualify as units of measure. This needs clarification." (is-a DocumentFieldString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfMeasure) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Identifier "An identifier is a String which is intended to provide a unique designation for something. An identifier can be created by anyone for personal purposes, therefore does not require a coding authority and is not a code. A thing can have more than one identifier, but one identifier should refer only to one thing. An identifier may be unique only within a narrow context, such as the set of invoice lines in one invoice." (is-a AbstractString) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasLocation is a more general location relation than SUMO 'located', which is restricted to Physical as arg1 and 'Object' as arg2. We can use this to specify the location of abstract objects in abstract spaces. This relation specifies an abstract or concrete region (not a point) as a location, and that region must contain all parts of the located object. This is not a point location.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeListAgencyIdentifier "A CodeListAgencyIdentifier is an abstract string that is a formal identifier (in some identification scheme) of a CodeListAgency. We also consider it as a name in this ontology." (is-a Identifier) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListAgency CodeListAgency) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListAgency) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass FileName "A FileName is the identifying string that names a ComputerFile." (is-a Identifier) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ComputerFile) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeListUniformIdentifier "A CodeListUniformIdentifier is an abstract text string which names an internet location containing the text of a CodeListTypeText, which has the Ubl name CodeList.Type." (is-a Identifier) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListURI CodeListURI) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass InvoiceLineIdText "The InvoiceLineIdText is the identifier string used within an InvoiceLine to distinguish it from other lines within that invoice. Thus it is unique only within the context of the invoice. UBL: identification of the line within the invoice." (is-a DocumentFieldString Identifier) (role concrete) (multislot isaTextComponentOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaTextComponentOf relates a proper part of an AbstractText to a whole or a larger part of which it is a component.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument InvoiceLine) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass NameString "A NameString is an AbstractString that identifies an entity. It can be a label for anything." (is-a Identifier) (role concrete)) (defclass ProperNameString "A ProperNameString is an abstract string which is a name for some individual thing. It may be composed of more than one component string separated by spaces and sometimes by other characters such as commas. The named individual may be physical or abstract. Common things having names are people, places (cities, countries), organizations, books, movies, boats, as well as many others. The name is not necessarily unique for a named individual, and several individuals may have the same name. In English a ProperNameString typically has capitals as the initial letters of each component string." (is-a NameString) (role concrete)) (defclass AgentNameString "A AgentNameString is an abstract string that is a name for some agent, usually a human or an organization - but it could be an animal." (is-a ProperNameString) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent Agent) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass PersonNameString "A PersonNameString is any name applied to a human, family name, give nname, nickname, alias, cognoment, etc." (is-a ProperNameString) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Human Human) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass OrganizationNameString "An OrganizationNameString is an abstract text which is the name of an Organization." (is-a ProperNameString) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Organization Organization) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeListAgencyNameString "A CodeListAgencyNameString is the formal name of a CodeListAgency. It can be different from an identifier." (is-a OrganizationNameString) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListAgency CodeListAgency) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass OpusNameString "An OpusNameString is the name of some form of conceptual work such as a text, a movie, a song, a musical composition. It is the name of an individual, so that if it is the name of a series, such as a magazine, the individual is the series considered as an instance of a class of SerialPublications. An abstract serial will have its representation in the instances of physical Series." (is-a ProperNameString) (role concrete)) (defclass CodeListName "A CodeListName is an abstract string naming a CodeList. This names the abstract propositional content CodeStandard, as well as the abstract text CodeListType, which has UBL synonym CodeList.Type.Text." (is-a OpusNameString) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListTypeText CodeStandard CodeListTypeText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CodeListIdentifierString "A CodeListIdentifier is an AbstractString which is the identifier for a CodeListTypeText. URL: The identification of a list of codes." (is-a Identifier) (role concrete)) (defclass VersionIdentifier "A VersionIdentifier is an abstract string that is intended to identify a version of something." (is-a Identifier) (role concrete)) (defclass VersionNumberString "A version number is the number assigned to some copy of an object with propositional content to distinguish it from earlier and somewhat different instances of related objects of the same name. A version number can contain letters and/or numbers, e.g. '1.2a'. The relation .hasVersionNumber associates an abstract text of a particular name with its version number; all versions are tagged with the same name" (is-a VersionIdentifier) (role concrete)) (defclass CodeListVersionIdentifier "A VersionIdentifier is an abstract string that is intended to identify a CodeStandard. UBL: 'The Version of the UN/ECE Rec. 9 code list'." (is-a Identifier) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListVersion) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes CodeListVersion) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AttributeValueString "An AttributeValueString is a subclass of AbstractString which includes those strings that refer to values of Attributes (instances of the class 'Attribute')." (is-a AbstractString) (role concrete) (multislot hasReferent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasReferent relates an AbstractInformationalEntity to an entity, physical or abstract, to which the abstract informational entity refers. This the abstract string 'cat' may refer to a physical cat.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Entity Attribute) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass BinaryObject "A BinaryObject is any abstract binary-encoded data representable in any physical form, whether or not it is readable by a computer." (is-a AbstractInformationalEntity) (role concrete) (multislot property_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%Predicate holds between an instance of &%Entity and an instance of &%Attribute. (property ?ENTITY ?ATTR) means that ?ENTITY has the &%Attribute ?ATTR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute) ;+ (value [Binary]) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass ComputerFile "A ComputerFile is binary-encoded data in any physical form that can be read into a computer, usually using some computer peripheral device. This is the abstract concept, and a linear set of bytes on paper tape is considered to represent the exact same ComputerFile as the same set of bytes in a computer memory." (is-a BinaryObject) (role concrete) (multislot property_S ;+ (comment "\"This &%Predicate holds between an instance of &%Entity and an instance of &%Attribute. (property ?ENTITY ?ATTR) means that ?ENTITY has the &%Attribute ?ATTR.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Attribute FileFormat) ;+ (value [Binary]) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAbstractName_S ;+ (comment "\"hasAbstractName relates an instance of an entity to an abstract string of linguistic characters used to reference the entity in linguistic communication. This is closely related to hasName, the value of which is a SymbolicString (a physical object) as domain 2. This is not the inverse of the SUMO relation 'names', since the SUMO relation has a physical object as domain 1. The hasAbstractName relation is not a necessary relation since not every entity is named by a AbstractString and not every AbstractString is the label for an entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FileName FileName) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasInternetLocation_S ;+ (comment "\"hasInternetLocation specifies the internet location (usually a URI), if one exists, of a computer file. Not every computer file will have an InternetLocation.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes InternetLocation) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass TextFile "A TextFile is a computerFile whose content is predominantly a text, that is the content contains mostly linear strings of characters. Some images may be associated with the text. The text is encoded in some CharacterSet" (is-a ComputerFile AbstractText) (role concrete)) (defclass ImageFile "An ImageFile is a ComputerFile whose content is predominantly some image, though some text may be associated with the image." (is-a ComputerFile) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractSymbol "An AbstractSymbol is an abstract representation of a simple object that serves as a symbolic referent to something else. It can be an abstract image of an icon, an abstract string, or something else non-physical which serves as a referent for another entity." (is-a AbstractInformationalEntity) (role concrete)) (defclass AbstractCharacter "An AbstractCharacter is one of a class of symbols contained in AbstractStrings, linear sequences of which constitute an AbstractString. Most such characters are printable, but characters such as white space and control characters are instances." (is-a AbstractSymbol) (role concrete) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Character) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractDigit "An AbstractDigit is one of a restricted class of symbols representing single numerals, usually 0 to 9." (is-a AbstractCharacter) (role concrete) (multislot isRepresentedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isRepresentedBy relates a Proposition to one or more ContentBearingObjects (physical objects) that express that proposition. The object may be a Group of objects, such as a set of identical books.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DigitCharacter) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractCode "An AbstractCode is an Abstract Symbol, which can be an AbstractString, that is created and maintained by a coding authority to refer to some other entity. A word in a natural language may refer to some other entity, but is not a code unless it is designated as such by a coding authority." (is-a AbstractSymbol) (role concrete) (multislot isMaintainedBy_S ;+ (comment "\"isMaintainedBy is used to assert that a particular instance of an entity can be modified in some way, and specifies the agent who has the authority or responsibility to do the modifying. In this relation, the method of modifying is unspecified. The entity maintained can be physical, such as a building maintained by its owner or manager, or an AbstractCode, maintained by a StandardsAuthority. In the general case, there may be more than one maintaining agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes StandardsAuthority) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass AbstractCodeString "An AbstractCode is an Abstract code which is an AbstractString, that is created and maintained by a coding authority to refer to some other entity. A word in a natural language may refer to some other entity, but is not a code unless it is designated as such by a coding authority." (is-a Identifier AbstractCode) (role concrete)) (defclass CurrencyCode "A CurrencyCode is an AbstractString of characters which is the assigned code for some unit of currency on some AbstractCodeList. For example the abstract string 'USD' may refer to the unit United States Dollar" (is-a AbstractCodeString) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes UnitOfCurrency UnitOfCurrency) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass URL "A URL is a String which identifies the location on the Internet where a resource (file) can be found." (is-a Identifier AbstractCode) (role concrete) (multislot isaNameOf_S ;+ (comment "\"isaNameOf is the relation between a string intended to identify something and the thing it identifies. This is the analogous relation for AbstractStrings to 'names' which relates physical symbols to their referents. The same name may apply to an abstract text and to the physical object that represents the text.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes FileInternetLocation) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass CommunicationsChannel "Any means used by IntelligentAgents to transmit information from one to another." (is-a SomethingUseful) (role concrete)) (defclass Speaking "Any &%LinguisticGeneration which is also a &%Vocalizing, i.e. any &%LinguisticCommunication by a &%Human which involves his/her vocal cords. This is a process in which IntelligentAgents communicate by exchanging spoken sounds, whether in person (not necessarily face-to-face, but where the sounds are not converted to other forms), or at a distance via electronic or other means of converting sound to signal and back." (is-a LinguisticCommunication Vocalizing CommunicationsChannel) (role concrete)) (defclass Singing "&%Speaking that is also &%Music." (is-a Speaking Music) (role concrete)) (defclass Lecture "Any instance of &%Speaking which is done before an assembled audience." (is-a Demonstrating Speaking) (role concrete)) (defclass Sermon "A &%Lecture that is part of a &%ReligiousService." (is-a Lecture) (role concrete)) (defclass Telephoning "Any instance of &%Speaking where the &%instrument of &%Communicating is a &%Telephone." (is-a Speaking) (role concrete)) (defclass TelephoneConversing "A process of orally communicating in which a telephone is used to convert sounds to electrical signals at one end and reconvert the signals to sound at another end." (is-a Speaking) (role concrete)) (defclass MentalEntity "An entity which is created by a CognitiveAgent and is not a physical entity. The important distinction of MentalEntity from Abstract entities is that a MentalEntity can be conceived of as existing in Time, such as a law that may exist for a while, then be repealed. It can thus have temporal existence, but is not a physical object." (is-a Entity) (role concrete) (multislot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a MentalEntity and the Physical entity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Physical) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasInformationalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasInformationalContent is the relation between a Proposition and the corresponding mental entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractInformationalEntity Proposition) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MentalContent "MentalContent is the MentalEntity that is represented by a ContentBearingObject and has a Proposition as its propositional content." (is-a MentalEntity) (role concrete) (multislot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a MentalEntity and the Physical entity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes ContentBearingObject) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MentalLinguisticExpression "A MentalLinguisticExpression is the MentalEntity that is represented by a LinguisticExpression and has an AbstractLinguisticExpression as its propositional content." (is-a MentalContent) (role concrete) (multislot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a MentalEntity and the Physical entity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes LinguisticExpression) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasInformationalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasInformationalContent is the relation between a Proposition and the corresponding mental entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractLinguisticExpression) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MentalText "A MentalText is the mental representation of a physical text, which contains some linguistic words and may contain some visual or audio components as well. This is not the physical object that represents the text, and not the entity or propositional content that is referred to by the text. It is one of a triad of concept classes that represent different aspects of texts." (is-a MentalLinguisticExpression) (role concrete) (multislot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a MentalEntity and the Physical entity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Text) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasInformationalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasInformationalContent is the relation between a Proposition and the corresponding mental entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractText) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MentalString "A MentalString is a MentalEntity that is represented by a physical string of characters 'SymbolicString' in SUMO, and has abstract content that may be a proposition or something simpler." (is-a MentalText) (role concrete) (multislot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a MentalEntity and the Physical entity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes SymbolicString) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasInformationalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasInformationalContent is the relation between a Proposition and the corresponding mental entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractString) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MentalDocument "A MentalDocument is a MentalEntity that is represented by a physical document, which is a type of Text in SUMO." (is-a MentalText) (role concrete) (multislot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a MentalEntity and the Physical entity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes DocumentPhysical) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasInformationalContent_S ;+ (comment "\"hasInformationalContent is the relation between a Proposition and the corresponding mental entity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes AbstractDocument) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass MentalSymbol "A MentalEntity which is used to represent another entity. A single abstract symbol, such as the abstract letter 'A', may have innumerable physical referents." (is-a MentalEntity) (role concrete) (multislot isTheMentalRepresentationOf_S ;+ (comment "\"hasMentalRepresentation is the relation between a MentalEntity and the Physical entity that represents it.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes PhysicalSymbol) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass Context "Context is a very broad concept which is used to allow assertions to be made relative to different situations, theories, hypotheses, possible worlds, time intervals, or anything else that can affect the truth of an assertion." (is-a Entity) (role concrete)) (defclass TimePosition "Any &%TimePoint or &%TimeInterval along the universal timeline from &%NegativeInfinity to &%PositiveInfinity." (is-a TimeMeasure Context) (role concrete) (multislot temporalPart_S ;+ (comment "\"The temporal analogue of the spatial &%part predicate. (&%temporalPart ?POS1 ?POS2) means that &%TimePosition ?POS1 is part of &%TimePosition ?POS2. Note that since &%temporalPart is a &%ReflexiveRelation every &%TimePostion is a &%temporalPart of itself.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RelativeTimeFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A means of converting &%TimePositions between different &%TimeZones. (&%RelativeTimeFn ?TIME ?ZONE) denotes the &%TimePosition in &%CoordinatedUniversalTime that is contemporaneous with the &%TimePosition ?TIME in &%TimeZone ?ZONE. For example, (&%RelativeTimeFn (&%MeasureFn 14 &%Hour) &%EasternTimeZone) would return the value (&%MeasureFn 19 &%Hour).\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePosition) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot holdsDuring_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%holdsDuring ?TIME ?FORMULA) means that the proposition denoted by ?FORMULA is true in the time frame ?TIME. Note that this implies that ?FORMULA is true at every &%TimePoint which is a &%temporalPart of ?TIME.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Formula) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot FutureFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to the &%TimeInterval which it meets and which ends at &%PositiveInfinity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ImmediateFutureFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to a short, indeterminate &%TimeInterval that immediately follows the &%TimePosition.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot PastFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to the &%TimeInterval that meets it and that begins at &%NegativeInfinity.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot ImmediatePastFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to a short, indeterminate &%TimeInterval that immediately precedes the &%TimePosition.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass TimeInterval "An interval of time. Note that a &%TimeInterval has both an extent and a location on the universal timeline. Note too that a &%TimeInterval has no gaps, i.e. this class contains only convex time intervals." (is-a TimePosition) (role concrete) (multislot earlier_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%earlier ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that the &%TimeInterval ?INTERVAL1 ends before the &%TimeInterval ?INTERVAL2 begins.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot overlapsTemporally_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%overlapsTemporally ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that the &%TimeIntervals ?INTERVAL1 and ?INTERVAL2 have a &%TimeInterval as a common part.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot during_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%during ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that ?INTERVAL1 starts after and ends before ?INTERVAL2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot EndFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimeInterval to the &%TimePoint at which the interval ends.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot RecurrentTimeIntervalFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A function that is useful for generating recurring time intervals. For example, (&%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn (&%HourFn 6 &%Day) (&%HourFn 12 &%Day)) returns the &%Class of &%TimeIntervals beginning at 6 in the morning and ending at 12 noon. For another example, (&%RecurrentTimeInterval &%Saturday &%Sunday) returns the &%Class of all weekends. For still another example,(&%RecurrentTimeInterval &%June &%August) returns the &%Class containing the academic summer period.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents RecurrentTimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot finishes_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%finishes ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that ?INTERVAL1 and ?INTERVAL2 are both &%TimeIntervals that have the same ending &%TimePoint and that ?INTERVAL2 begins before ?INTERVAL1.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot meetsTemporally_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%meetsTemporally ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that the terminal point of the &%TimeInterval ?INTERVAL1 is the initial point of the &%TimeInterval ?INTERVAL2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot duration_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%duration ?POS ?TIME) means that the duration of the &%TimePosition ?POS is ?TIME. Note that this &%Predicate can be used in conjunction with the &%Function &%WhenFn to specify the duration of any instance of &%Physical.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeDuration) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot starts_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%starts ?INTERVAL1 ?INTERVAL2) means that ?INTERVAL1 and ?INTERVAL2 are both &%TimeIntervals that have the same initial &%TimePoint and that ?INTERVAL1 ends before ?INTERVAL2.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TemporalCompositionFn_S ;+ (comment "\"The basic &%Function for expressing the composition of larger &%TimeIntervals out of smaller &%TimeIntervals. For example, if &%ThisSeptember is an &%instance of &%September, (&%TemporalCompositionFn &%ThisSeptember &%Day) denotes the &%Class of consecutive days that make up &%ThisSeptember. Note that one can obtain the number of instances of this &%Class by using the function &%CardinalityFn.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot BeginFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimeInterval to the &%TimePoint at which the interval begins.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass RecurrentTimeInterval "A class of intervals of time that may recur, such as specific hours of a day or specific days of the year. Note that a &%TimeInterval has both an extent and a location on the universal timeline. Note too that a &%TimeInterval has no gaps, i.e. this class contains only convex time intervals." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass NightTime "The class of &%TimeIntervals that begin at &%Sunset and end at &%Sunrise." (is-a RecurrentTimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass DayTime "The class of &%TimeIntervals that begin at &%Sunrise and end at &%Sunset." (is-a RecurrentTimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass Morning "The class of &%TimeIntervals that begin at &%Sunrise and end at noon." (is-a DayTime) (role concrete)) (defclass Afternoon "The class of &%TimeIntervals that begin at noon and end at &%Sunset." (is-a DayTime) (role concrete)) (defclass TimeOfDay "A TimeOfDay is a class of TimeIntervals, each of which specifies an hour and minute, without specifying the specific day. 12:01 AM would be a subclass of TimeOfDay, as would 12:01.34 AM. This is considered as an interval rather than a TimePoint, the interval lasting as long as the precision of the specification indicates. The typical precision is a one-munite interval, such as 14:30." (is-a RecurrentTimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28RecurrentTimeIntervalFn+TimeInterval+TimeInterval+%29 "\"A function that is useful for generating recurring time intervals. For example, (&%RecurrentTimeIntervalFn (&%HourFn 6 &%Day) (&%HourFn 12 &%Day)) returns the &%Class of &%TimeIntervals beginning at 6 in the morning and ending at 12 noon. For another example, (&%RecurrentTimeInterval &%Saturday &%Sunday) returns the &%Class of all weekends. For still another example,(&%RecurrentTimeInterval &%June &%August) returns the &%Class containing the academic summer period.\"" (is-a RecurrentTimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass Year "The &%Class of all calendar &%Years." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass LeapYear "The &%Class of all leap years. These are years which are either (i.) evenly divisible by 4 and not by 100 or (ii.) evenly divisible by 400 (this latter case is known as a leap century)." (is-a Year) (role concrete)) (defclass %28YearFn+Integer%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a number to the corresponding calendar &%Year. For example, (&%YearFn 1912) returns the &%Class containing just one instance, the year of 1912. As might be expected, positive integers return years in the Common Era, while negative integers return years in B.C.E. Note that this function returns a &%Class as a value. The reason for this is that the related functions, viz. &%MonthFn, &%DayFn, &%HourFn, &%MinuteFn, and &%SecondFn, are used to generate both specific &%TimeIntervals and recurrent intervals, and the only way to do this is to make the domains and ranges of these functions classes rather than individuals.\"" (is-a Year) (role concrete)) (defclass Month "The &%Class of all calendar &%Months." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete) (single-slot MonthFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a subclass of &%Month and a subclass of &%Year to the class containing the &%Months corresponding to thos &%Years. For example (&%MonthFn &%January (&%YearFn 1912)) is the class containing the eighth &%Month, i.e. August, of the &%Year 1912. For another example, (&%MonthFn &%August &%Year) is equal to &%August, the class of all months of August. Note that this function returns a &%Class as a value. The reason for this is that the related functions, viz. DayFn, HourFn, MinuteFn, and SecondFn, are used to generate both specific &%TimeIntervals and recurrent intervals, and the only way to do this is to make the domains and ranges of these functions classes rather than individuals.\"") (type SYMBOL) ;+ (allowed-parents Month) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass January "The &%Class of all &%Months which are January." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass February "The &%Class of all &%Months which are February." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass March "The &%Class of all &%Months which are March." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass April "The &%Class of all &%Months which are April." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass May "The &%Class of all &%Months which are May." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass June "The &%Class of all &%Months which are June." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass July "The &%Class of all &%Months which are July." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass August "The &%Class of all &%Months which are August." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass September "The &%Class of all &%Months which are September." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass October "The &%Class of all &%Months which are October." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass November "The &%Class of all &%Months which are November." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass December "The &%Class of all &%Months which are December." (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MonthFn+Month+Year+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that maps a subclass of &%Month and a subclass of &%Year to the class containing the &%Months corresponding to thos &%Years. For example (&%MonthFn &%January (&%YearFn 1912)) is the class containing the eighth &%Month, i.e. August, of the &%Year 1912. For another example, (&%MonthFn &%August &%Year) is equal to &%August, the class of all months of August. Note that this function returns a &%Class as a value. The reason for this is that the related functions, viz. DayFn, HourFn, MinuteFn, and SecondFn, are used to generate both specific &%TimeIntervals and recurrent intervals, and the only way to do this is to make the domains and ranges of these functions classes rather than individuals.\"" (is-a Month) (role concrete)) (defclass Day "The &%Class of all calendar &%Days." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass RecurringDay "A RecurringDay is class of Day that has more than one instance, e.g. the class of Mondays or the class of January 1sts." (is-a Day RecurrentTimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass Monday "The &%Class of all calendar Mondays." (is-a RecurringDay) (role concrete)) (defclass Tuesday "The &%Class of all calendar Tuesdays." (is-a RecurringDay) (role concrete)) (defclass Wednesday "The &%Class of all calendar Wednesdays." (is-a RecurringDay) (role concrete)) (defclass Thursday "The &%Class of all calendar Thursdays." (is-a RecurringDay) (role concrete)) (defclass Friday "The &%Class of all calendar Fridays." (is-a RecurringDay) (role concrete)) (defclass Saturday "The &%Class of all calendar Saturdays." (is-a RecurringDay) (role concrete)) (defclass Sunday "The &%Class of all calendar Sundays." (is-a RecurringDay) (role concrete)) (defclass %28DayFn+PositiveRealNumber+Month+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Months to the &%Days within each &%Month corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%DayFn 16 &%August) is the &%Class of all sixteenth days of August. For another example, (&%DayFn 9 &%Month) would return the class of all ninth days of any month. For still another example, (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912))) denotes the 18th day of August 1912.\"" (is-a RecurringDay) (role concrete)) (defclass Week "The &%Class of all calendar weeks." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass Hour "The &%Class of all clock &%Hours." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28HourFn+PositiveRealNumber+Day+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Days to the &%Hours within each &%Day corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%HourFn 12 &%Thursday) is the &%Class of all instances of noon Thursday. For another example, (&%HourFn 24 &%Day) would return the class of all instances of midnight. For still another example, (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912)))) denotes 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"" (is-a Hour) (role concrete)) (defclass Minute "The &%Class of all clock &%Minutes." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28MinuteFn+PositiveRealNumber+Hour+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Hours to the &%Minutes within each &%Hour corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%MinuteFn 30 (&%HourFn 17 &%Day)) is the &%Class of all 5:30's in the afternoon. For another example, (&%MinuteFn 15 &%Hour) would return the class of all instances of quarter past the hour. For still another example, (&%MinuteFn 15 (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912))))) denotes 15 minutes after 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"" (is-a Minute) (role concrete)) (defclass Second "The &%Class of all clock &%Seconds." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28SecondFn+PositiveRealNumber+Minute+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that assigns a &%PositiveRealNumber and a subclass of &%Minutes to the &%Seconds within each &%Minute corresponding to that &%PositiveRealNumber. For example, (&%SecondFn 4 (&%MinuteFn 5 &%Hour)) is the &%Class of all fourth &%Seconds of every fifth &%Minute of every hour. For another example, (&%SecondFn 8 &%Minute) would return the eighth second of every minute. For still another example, (&%SecondFn 9 (&%MinuteFn 15 (&%HourFn 14 (&%DayFn 18 (&%MonthFn 8 (YearFn 1912)))))) denotes 9 seconds and 15 minutes after 2 PM on the 18th day of August 1912.\"" (is-a Second) (role concrete)) (defclass Sunrise "The &%TimeInterval of each &%Day when the sun is rising and is partially overlapped by the horizon line." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass Sunset "The &%TimeInterval of each &%Day when the sun is setting and is partially overlapped by the horizon line." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass Weekend "Any &%Saturday and &%Sunday which are contiguous." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass SeasonOfYear "&%SeasonOfYear is the class of four seasons correlated with the calendar &%Year and associated with changes in the length of daylight and with overall temperature changes. Depending upon the &%GeographicArea, a &%SeasonOfYear may also be associated with weather patterns (e.g., rainy, dry, windy). The characteristics of seasons (cold vs. hot temperatures, long vs. short days) are reversed from the &%NorthernHemisphere to the &%SouthernHemisphere." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass WinterSeason "The &%SeasonOfYear that begins at the winter solstice and ends at the spring equinox." (is-a SeasonOfYear) (role concrete)) (defclass SpringSeason "The &%SeasonOfYear that begins at the spring equinox and ends at the summer solstice." (is-a SeasonOfYear) (role concrete)) (defclass SummerSeason "The &%SeasonOfYear that begins at the summer solstice and ends at the autumnal equinox." (is-a SeasonOfYear) (role concrete)) (defclass FallSeason "The &%SeasonOfYear that begins at the autumnal equinox and ends at the winter solstice." (is-a SeasonOfYear) (role concrete)) (defclass Holiday "&%Holiday is the class of time periods that are observed as holidays in a country, culture, or religion. Holidays may recur annually on the same date, or they may be moveable, for example, Thanksgiving Day falls on the last &%Thursday of each &%November." (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass FixedHoliday "&%FixedHoliday is the class of &%Holidays whose observance is fixed to recurrences of the calendar day that the holiday commemorates." (is-a Holiday) (role concrete)) (defclass MoveableHoliday "&%MoveableHoliday is the class of &%Holidays whose observance is not fixed to recurrences of any particular calendar day. For example, Memorial Day is observed on the last &%Monday of &%May." (is-a Holiday) (role concrete)) (defclass %28TimeIntervalFn+TimePoint+TimePoint+%29 "\"A &%BinaryFunction that takes two &%TimePoints as arguments and returns the &%TimeInterval defined by these two &%TimePoints. Note that the first &%TimePoint must occur earlier than the second &%TimePoint.\"" (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28WhenFn+Physical%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps an &%Object or &%Process to the exact &%TimeInterval during which it exists. Note that, for every &%TimePoint ?TIME outside of the &%TimeInterval (WhenFn ?THING), (time ?THING ?TIME) does not hold.\"" (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28PastFn+TimePosition%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to the &%TimeInterval that meets it and that begins at &%NegativeInfinity.\"" (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ImmediatePastFn+TimePosition%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to a short, indeterminate &%TimeInterval that immediately precedes the &%TimePosition.\"" (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28FutureFn+TimePosition%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to the &%TimeInterval which it meets and which ends at &%PositiveInfinity.\"" (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ImmediateFutureFn+TimePosition%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimePosition to a short, indeterminate &%TimeInterval that immediately follows the &%TimePosition.\"" (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass %28TemporalCompositionFn+TimeInterval+TimeInterval+%29 "\"The basic &%Function for expressing the composition of larger &%TimeIntervals out of smaller &%TimeIntervals. For example, if &%ThisSeptember is an &%instance of &%September, (&%TemporalCompositionFn &%ThisSeptember &%Day) denotes the &%Class of consecutive days that make up &%ThisSeptember. Note that one can obtain the number of instances of this &%Class by using the function &%CardinalityFn.\"" (is-a TimeInterval) (role concrete)) (defclass TimePoint "An extensionless point on the universal timeline. The &%TimePoints at which &%Processes occur can be known with various degrees of precision and approximation, but conceptually &%TimePoints are point-like and not interval-like. That is, it doesn't make sense to talk about how long a &%TimePoint lasts." (is-a TimePosition) (role concrete) (multislot beforeOrEqual_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%beforeOrEqual ?POINT1 ?POINT2) means that ?POINT1 is identical with ?POINT2 or occurs before it on the universal timeline.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (single-slot TimeIntervalFn_S ;+ (comment "\"A &%BinaryFunction that takes two &%TimePoints as arguments and returns the &%TimeInterval defined by these two &%TimePoints. Note that the first &%TimePoint must occur earlier than the second &%TimePoint.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimeInterval) ;+ (cardinality 0 1) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot before_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%before ?POINT1 ?POINT2) means that ?POINT1 precedes ?POINT2 on the universal timeline.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot temporallyBetweenOrEqual_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%temporallyBetweenOrEqual ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?POINT3) means that the &%TimePoint ?POINT1 is before or equal to the &%TimePoint ?POINT2 and ?POINT2 is before or equal to the &%TimePoint ?POINT3.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot temporallyBetween_S ;+ (comment "\"(&%temporallyBetween ?POINT1 ?POINT2 ?POINT3) means that the &%TimePoint ?POINT2 is between the &%TimePoints ?POINT1 and ?POINT3, i.e. ?POINT1 is before ?POINT2 and ?POINT2 is before ?POINT3.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes TimePoint) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass %28BeginFn+TimeInterval%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimeInterval to the &%TimePoint at which the interval begins.\"" (is-a TimePoint) (role concrete)) (defclass %28EndFn+TimeInterval%29 "\"A &%UnaryFunction that maps a &%TimeInterval to the &%TimePoint at which the interval ends.\"" (is-a TimePoint) (role concrete)) (defclass %28RelativeTimeFn+TimePosition+TimeZone+%29 "\"A means of converting &%TimePositions between different &%TimeZones. (&%RelativeTimeFn ?TIME ?ZONE) denotes the &%TimePosition in &%CoordinatedUniversalTime that is contemporaneous with the &%TimePosition ?TIME in &%TimeZone ?ZONE. For example, (&%RelativeTimeFn (&%MeasureFn 14 &%Hour) &%EasternTimeZone) would return the value (&%MeasureFn 19 &%Hour).\"" (is-a TimePosition) (role concrete)) (defclass Situation "A Situation can be any state, process or event. This is a convenient class which can be used as an argument when an instance of any one of the component classes may serve as a value of an argument." (is-a Context) (role concrete) (multislot isBadForAgent_S ;+ (comment "\"isBadForAgent relates a situation (state, event, process) that may be undesirable or harmful to some agent to that agent to whom it is a negative thing. This relation assumes that everything that can be labeled 'bad' or 'good has that quality in respect to some Agent.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Agent) (create-accessor read-write)) (multislot hasAssociatedSituation_S ;+ (comment "\"(hasAssociatedSituation ?Sit1 ?Sit2) asserts that ?Sit1 has ?Sit2 associated with it, either necessarily or pragmatically (i.e. probabilistically, e.g. one situation usually is followed by or simultaneously occurs with ?Sit2, whether causally or otherwise). Such associations are important to Agent in determining whether one action may be beneficial or harmful.\"") (type INSTANCE) ;+ (allowed-classes Situation) (create-accessor read-write))) (defclass BadSituation "A BadSituation is any state, process, or event the as negative value for a CognitiveAgent. A BadSituation can be the consequence of certain events or processes,in which case a knowledgeable CognitiveAgent will try to avoid such events or processes unless they also have counterbalancing positive consequences." (is-a SomethingOfNegativeValue Situation) (role concrete)) (defclass State "A State is a set of properties of objects and processes in some System. Changes in a State are represented as Processes and Events." (is-a Situation) (role concrete)) (defclass Event "An Event is the total collection of all changes in state occurring during the operation of some Process." (is-a Situation) (role concrete)) (defclass %28ListOrderFn+List+PositiveInteger+%29 "\"(&%ListOrderFn ?LIST ?NUMBER) denotes the item that is in the ?NUMBER position in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%ListOrderFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday) 2) would return the value &%Tuesday.\"" (is-a Entity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28LastFn+List%29 "\"(&%LastFn ?LIST) returns the last item in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%LastFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value of &%Wednesday.\"" (is-a Entity) (role concrete)) (defclass %28FirstFn+List%29 "\"(&%FirstFn ?LIST) returns the first item in the &%List ?LIST. For example, (&%FirstFn (&%ListFn &%Monday &%Tuesday &%Wednesday)) would return the value of &%Monday.\"" (is-a Entity) (role concrete))