 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| • |
Tight
coupling: applies to databases,
systems
|
|
|
|
– |
Same address
space, same process space, same operating
|
|
|
system, same
machine
|
|
|
|
– |
Semantic
compacts can be made because semantics stays in the
|
|
|
minds of the
developers who agree
|
|
|
| • |
Loose
coupling
|
|
|
|
– |
Different
platforms, networks, anywhere on Internet
|
|
|
|
– |
Semantics must
be explicit: agents, programs need to interpret the
|
|
semantics
directly, to interoperate semantically
|
|
|
|
– |
Levels: systems
of systems, enterprise, community, value
|
|
|
chains/pipes
|
|
|
| • |
Ontologies
(explicitly represented, logical
|
|
|
semantics): increasingly needed the higher you
|
|
|
go
|
|
